肾着汤 治腰痛而重，如带五千钱。
茯苓 白术（生用，各三钱） 干姜（二钱） 炙草（一钱
水煎服。
《金匮》名甘草干姜茯苓白术汤，甘、术各二两，姜、苓各四两，药品与此方同，而轻
重不同耳。盖以腰者，肾之府也，腰痛自当补肾。腰痛而重，是寒湿之邪，不在肾之中间，
而在肾之外府，故其治不在温肾以散寒，而在燥土以胜湿，若用桂附则反伤肾阴矣。
五积散（见历节） 桂附八味丸（见痰饮） 六味丸（见厥症） 二陈汤（见痰饮）
酸枣仁汤
酸枣仁（八钱，生用不研） 甘草（一钱五分） 知母 茯苓（各三钱） 川芎（一钱五分
水三杯三分，先煮酸枣仁至二杯，入诸药再煎八分服。
尤在泾云∶“人寤则魂寓于目，寐则魂藏于肝。虚劳之人，肝气不荣，故以枣仁补敛之
。然不眠由于虚烦，必有燥火痰气之扰，故以知母、甘草清热滋燥，茯苓、川芎行气除痰，
皆所以求肝之治，而宅其魂。”
小半夏汤\x
半夏（五钱） 生姜（八钱
水煎服。
消食丸 治数年不能食。
麦 曲（各一升） 干姜（炮） 乌梅（焙，各四两
蜜丸，服十五丸，日再。加至四十丸，亦治反胃。
又方 神曲（炒黄） 麦 （炒黄，各二两） 乌梅（四两） 干木瓜（五钱） 茯苓 甘草（炙，各二钱
五分
蜜丸樱桃大，每服一丸，不拘时细嚼，白汤下。一方无木瓜，有人参、干姜。
徐灵胎曰∶“方中在木瓜，乌梅之巧。”
又方 豉心（一升，熬末） 麦芽 曲（各一两，熬） 川椒（一升，炒出汗） 干姜（一升末
上五味筛，以蜜拌，食后酒服方寸匕。
以上三方，并治胃虚冷不能食之剂。
资生丸 健脾开胃，消食止泻，调和脏腑，滋养营卫。
白术（米泔水浸，用黄土拌，九蒸，晒去土，切片焙干，三两） 橘皮 山楂（蒸） 神曲（炒，
各二两） 白茯苓（人乳拌，饭上蒸晒干，一两五钱） 人参（人乳浸透，饭锅上蒸透，三两） 白豆
蔻（微炒） 桔梗（炒，五钱） 扁豆（炒） 莲肉（去心、炒，各一两） 麦芽曲（炒） 山药（炒） 芡实（炒，
各一两五钱） 薏苡仁（三两，炒
上为末，炼蜜丸，每服二钱，细嚼，淡盐汤下。
温脾散 收敛胃气，清凉肌表。
人参 白术 茯苓 山药（各一钱五分） 扁豆 知母 生地黄 粳米 甘草（各一钱） 淡竹
叶地骨皮 麦冬（各五钱
上作一服，水二钟，姜三片，红枣一枚，煎一钟，食远服。
二神丸（见上反胃
\x沉香汤
沉香 白术（土炒） 紫浓朴（姜汁炒，各一两） 人参 白茯苓 半夏（姜制） 木香 草豆蔻
甘草 陈皮 黑干姜 生姜 大枣
水煎三钱温服，日二服。
肾着汤：治疗腰部疼痛且伴有沉重感，感觉像腰上挂着五千枚铜钱一样。
茯苓、白术（生用，各三钱）、干姜（二钱）、炙甘草（一钱）。
用水煎服。
《金匮要略》中称之为甘草干姜茯苓白术汤，其中甘草、白术各用二两，干姜、茯苓各用四两，药物组成与此方相同，但剂量轻重不同罢了。这是因为腰部是肾脏的外府，腰痛自然应当补肾。然而腰痛且伴有沉重感，说明寒湿之邪不在肾脏内部，而在肾脏的外围组织，所以治疗不应采用温补肾阳以散寒的方法，而应采用燥湿健脾以胜湿的方法，如果使用肉桂、附子则会反而损伤肾阴。
五积散（见历节病章节）、桂附八味丸（见痰饮章节）、六味丸（见厥症章节）、二陈汤（见痰饮章节）。
酸枣仁汤：
酸枣仁（八钱，生用不研磨）、甘草（一钱五分）、知母、茯苓（各三钱）、川芎（一钱五分）。
水三杯分三次煮，先煮酸枣仁至剩两杯，加入其他药物再煎至八分，服用。
尤在泾说：“人清醒时魂寄居在眼睛，睡眠时魂藏于肝脏。虚劳之人，肝气不能滋养，所以用酸枣仁来补益收敛。然而失眠由于虚烦引起，必然有燥火痰气的干扰，所以用知母、甘草清热滋润干燥，茯苓、川芎行气消除痰浊，这些都是为了调理肝脏，使魂有所安居。”
消食丸：治疗多年食欲不振。
麦芽、神曲（各一升）、干姜（炮制）、乌梅（焙干，各四两）。
制成蜜丸，每次服用十五丸，每天两次。加量至四十丸，也能治疗反胃。
另一个方子：神曲（炒黄）、麦芽（炒黄，各二两）、乌梅（四两）、干木瓜（五钱）、茯苓、炙甘草（各二钱五分）。
制成樱桃大小的蜜丸，每次服用一丸，不限时间细细咀嚼，用白开水送下。另一个方子没有木瓜，有人参、干姜。
徐灵胎说：“方中使用木瓜、乌梅很巧妙。”
又一个方子：豉心（一升，熬成末）、麦芽、神曲（各一两，熬制）、川椒（一升，炒出汗水）、干姜（一升，研成末）。
将以上五味药筛过，用蜂蜜拌和，饭后用酒送服一方寸匕。
以上三个方子，都是治疗胃虚寒冷导致不能进食的药剂。
资生丸：健脾开胃，消食止泻，调和脏腑，滋养营卫。
白术（米泔水浸泡，用黄土拌，九蒸九晒去土，切片焙干，三两）、橘皮、山楂（蒸）、神曲（炒，各二两）、白茯苓（人乳拌，饭上蒸晒干，一两五钱）、人参（人乳浸透，饭锅上蒸透，三两）、白豆蔻（微炒）、桔梗（炒，五钱）、扁豆（炒）、莲肉（去心、炒，各一两）、麦芽曲（炒）、山药（炒）、芡实（炒，各一两五钱）、薏苡仁（三两，炒）。
以上研为细末，炼蜜为丸，每次服用二钱，细细咀嚼，淡盐汤送下。
温脾散：收敛胃气，清凉肌表。
人参、白术、茯苓、山药（各一钱五分）、扁豆、知母、生地黄、粳米、甘草（各一钱）、淡竹叶、地骨皮、麦冬（各五钱）。
以上作为一剂服用，水两钟，姜三片，红枣一枚，煎至一钟，饭后较远时候服用。
沉香汤：
沉香、白术（土炒）、紫浓朴（姜汁炒，各一两）、人参、白茯苓、半夏（姜制）、木香、草豆蔻、甘草、陈皮、黑干姜、生姜、大枣。
用水煎煮，取三钱药液温服，每天两次。
Shen Zhuo Tang (Kidney-Attaching Decoction): Treats lower back pain accompanied by a heavy sensation, as if five thousand coins were hanging from the waist.
Fuling (Poria), Baizhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma, raw, each 3 qian), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger, 2 qian), Zhigancao (Prepared Licorice Root, 1 qian).
Decoct in water and take orally.
In *Jingui Yaolue* (Essential Prescriptions of the Golden Cabinet), it is named Gancao Ganjiang Fuling Baizhu Tang (Licorice, Dried Ginger, Poria, and Atractylodes Rhizoma Decoction), where Gancao (Licorice) and Baizhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma) are each used in 2 liang, while Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) and Fuling (Poria) are each used in 4 liang. The ingredients are identical to this formula, but the dosages differ. This is because the waist is the mansion of the Kidney; thus, lower back pain should naturally be treated by tonifying the Kidney. However, lower back pain with heaviness indicates that Cold-Dampness pathogenic factors are not located within the interior of the Kidney, but rather in the exterior mansion surrounding it. Therefore, treatment should not focus on warming the Kidney to dispel Cold, but rather on drying dampness by strengthening the Spleen (Earth). Using Rougui (Cinnamon Bark) and Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root) would instead damage Kidney Yin.
Wuji San (Five Accumulations Powder) (see Lijie section); Guifu Bawei Wan (Cinnamon Twig and Prepared Aconite Root Eight-Ingredient Pill) (see Phlegm-Fluids section); Liuwei Wan (Six-Ingredient Pill with Rehmannia Root) (see Jue syndrome section); Erchen Tang (Two-Aged Decoction) (see Phlegm-Fluids section).
Suanzaoren Tang (Sour Jujube Seed Decoction):
Suanzaoren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, 8 qian, raw and not ground), Gancao (Licorice Root, 1.5 qian), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria, each 3 qian), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma, 1.5 qian).
Use three cups of water. First decoct Suanzaoren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen) until two cups remain, then add the other herbs and decoct until eight-tenths remains for administration.
You Zaijing stated: "When a person is awake, the Hun (Ethereal Soul) resides in the eyes; when sleeping, the Hun is stored in the Liver. In individuals with deficiency exhaustion, Liver Qi fails to nourish, hence Suanzaoren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen) is used to tonify and astringe. However, insomnia due to deficiency heat irritability must involve disturbance from dry fire and phlegm-qi. Thus, Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma) and Gancao (Licorice Root) clear heat and moisten dryness, while Fuling (Poria) and Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) move qi and resolve phlegm. All these measures aim to regulate the Liver and provide a dwelling place for the Hun."
Xiao Banxia Tang (Minor Pinellia Decoction):
Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, 5 qian), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger, 8 qian).
Decoct in water and take orally.
Xiaoshi Wan (Digestion-Enhancing Pill): Treats anorexia persisting for several years.
Maiya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus), Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata, each 1 sheng), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger, processed), Wumei (Mume Fruit, roasted, each 4 liang).
Make into honey pills. Take 15 pills per dose, twice daily. Increase to 40 pills; also treats regurgitation.
Another prescription: Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata, stir-fried until yellow), Maiya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus, stir-fried until yellow, each 2 liang), Wumei (Mume Fruit, 4 liang), Gan Mugua (Dried Chaenomelis Fructus, 5 qian), Fuling (Poria), Zhigancao (Prepared Licorice Root, each 2.5 qian).
Make into cherry-sized honey pills. Take one pill per dose at any time, chew thoroughly, and swallow with plain boiled water. Another version excludes Mugua (Chaenomelis Fructus) and includes Renshen (Ginseng Radix) and Ganjiang (Dried Ginger).
Xu Lingtai said: "The use of Mugua (Chaenomelis Fructus) and Wumei (Mume Fruit) in this formula is ingenious."
Yet another prescription: Chi Xin (Sojae Semen Praeparatum heart/core, 1 sheng, roasted and powdered), Maiya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus), Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata, each 1 liang, roasted), Chuanjiao (Sichuan Pepper, 1 sheng, stir-fried until sweat appears), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger, 1 sheng, powdered).
Sift the above five ingredients, mix with honey, and take one fangcun bi (square-inch spoonful) with wine after meals.
The above three prescriptions all treat formulas for inability to eat due to Stomach deficiency-cold.
Zisheng Wan (Nourishing Life Pill): Strengthens the Spleen and opens the appetite, resolves food stagnation and stops diarrhea, harmonizes the zang-fu organs, and nourishes Ying and Wei.
Baizhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma, soaked in rice washing water, mixed with yellow earth, steamed nine times, sun-dried to remove earth, sliced and baked dry, 3 liang), Ju Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Shan Zha (Crataegi Fructus, steamed), Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata, stir-fried, each 2 liang), Bai Fuling (White Poria, mixed with human milk, steamed over rice and sun-dried, 1.5 liang), Renshen (Ginseng Radix, soaked in human milk, steamed thoroughly over rice pot, 3 liang), Bai Doukou (Amomi Fructus Rotundus, lightly stir-fried), Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix, stir-fried, 5 qian), Bian Dou (Dolichi Lablabis Semen, stir-fried), Lian Rou (Nelumbinis Semen, degermed and stir-fried, each 1 liang), Maiya Qu (Hordei Fructus Germinatus and Massa Medicata Fermentata, stir-fried), Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma, stir-fried), Qianshi (Euryales Semen, stir-fried, each 1.5 liang), Yiyiren (Coicis Semen, 3 liang, stir-fried).
Grind the above into powder, make into pills with refined honey. Take 2 qian per dose, chew thoroughly, and swallow with light salt water.
Wenpi San (Warming Spleen Powder): Astringes Stomach Qi, cools the muscle surface.
Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria), Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma, each 1.5 qian), Bian Dou (Dolichi Lablabis Semen), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Sheng Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Recens), Jing Mi (Oryza Sativa Glutinosa), Gancao (Licorice Root, each 1 qian), Dan Zhuye (Lophatheri Herba), Digupi (Lycii Cortex), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix, each 5 qian).
Take the above as one dose. Use two zhong of water, three slices of ginger, and one red date. Decoct to one zhong and take at a considerable distance from meals.
Ershen Wan (Two-Essence Pill) (see Regurgitation section above)
Chenxiang Tang (Aquilaria Wood Decoction):
Chenxiang (Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum), Baizhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma, soil-stir-fried), Zi Nonghou (Purple Thick Magnolia Bark, ginger juice-stir-fried, each 1 liang), Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Bai Fuling (White Poria), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, ginger-processed), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Caodoukou (Cardamomi Fructus), Gancao (Licorice Root), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Hei Ganjiang (Black Dried Ginger), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger), Dazao (Jujubae Fructus).
Decoct in water. Take 3 qian of the warm liquid, twice daily.