粤自轩岐立言，仲景立法，遂为后世医学之祖。而《伤寒》一书，尤无法不备，无病不疗，洵为医
林之至宝。但注《伤寒》者，不下百余家，纷纷聚讼，互相抵牾，抑且篇章次第，任意倒乱，致令阅者
心迷目眩，莫得适从。余读徐氏《伤寒类方》，见其从流溯源，芟除一切葛藤，颇觉精简可取，但彼就
方分类，而表、里、寒、热、虚、实并未分焉。余留心《伤寒》十余年，朝夕揣摩，颇有心得，因手辑
一编，卷首仍按照黄氏所着《伤寒悬解》，将六经纲领厘清，某经应现某证，某证应用某方，条分缕晰，
令人一目了然。后因分为十六证，按证类方，将表、里、寒、热、虚、实之专证、兼证，分类列清，一类
之中，先论证，后列方，并节录黄氏方解，务求明白简当，俾后之读《伤寒》者，按经认证，按证寻方，
头头是道，庶无望洋兴叹之虞矣。
光绪二十一年岁在乙未二月六日云阁氏自叙
太阳之为病，脉浮，头项强痛，而恶寒。太阳病，发热、汗出、恶风、脉缓者，名为中风。太
阳病，或已发热∶或未发热，必恶寒、体痛、呕逆、脉阴阳俱紧者，名曰伤寒。
病有发热恶寒者，发于阳也，无热恶寒者，发于阴也。发于阳者七日愈，发于阴者六日愈。以阳
数七，阴数六也。病患身大热，反欲得近衣者，热在皮肤，寒在骨髓也。身大寒，反不欲近衣者，寒在
皮肤，热在骨髓也。
按太阳以寒水主令，外在皮毛，卫护周身，为六经之纲领，故其脉浮。一被风寒，则皮毛闭塞，此
经先病。其经起两目之内 ，自头下项，行身之背，挟脊抵腰，由外踝而走小指。风寒外束，经脉不舒，
故头项、腰脊、骨筋疼痛，其脉连于督脉之风府穴，在头后，其窍常开，风寒伤人，皆由风府之穴入，
传之太阳。肝司营血，行于经络；肺司卫气，行于皮毛；而皆统于太阳。风则伤卫，寒则伤营，营卫感
伤，太阳所以病也。
按太阳本病中风，以桂枝汤主之。伤寒以麻黄汤主之。风寒两感，以桂枝麻黄各半汤，桂枝二麻黄
一汤主之。中风而内有火郁，以大青龙汤，桂枝二越婢一汤主之。伤寒而内有水郁，以小青龙汤主之。
表已解而内燥，以白虎汤，白虎加人参汤主之。表未解而里湿，以五苓散，茯苓甘草汤主之表退而热结血分，以桃核
承气汤、抵当汤、丸主之。
自从黄帝、岐伯创立医学理论，张仲景确立辨证论治法则，他们便成为后世医学的始祖。而《伤寒论》这本书，尤其做到了无方不备，无病不疗，确实是医学界的至宝。但是，注释《伤寒论》的著作，不下百家，众说纷纭，互相矛盾，而且篇章顺序也被任意打乱，导致读者心中迷惑、眼花缭乱，不知该听从哪一家之说。我阅读了徐灵胎的《伤寒类方》，看到它从流溯源，删去一切繁杂枝节，颇觉精简可取，但它只是按方剂分类，而表证、里证、寒证、热证、虚证、实证并没有分开。我留心研究《伤寒论》十多年，早晚揣摩，颇有心得，于是亲手编纂了一部书。卷首仍然按照黄元御所著的《伤寒悬解》，将六经（太阳、阳明、少阳、太阴、少阴、厥阴）的纲领理清，某经受邪应出现什么证候，什么证候应该应用什么方剂，条理分明，让人一目了然。后来又将内容分为十六种证型，按证归类方剂，将表、里、寒、热、虚、实的专证（主要证候）、兼证（伴随证候），分类列清。每一类之中，先论证候，后列方剂，并节录黄元御的方解，务必做到明白简当，使后来研读《伤寒论》的人，能够按经络识别证候，按证候寻找方剂，头头是道，从而避免面对浩瀚医理无从下手的遗憾。
光绪二十一年（1895年）乙未年二月六日，云阁氏自序
太阳经受邪所致的病证，表现为脉象浮，头项强痛，并且恶寒。太阳病中，如果发热、汗出、恶风、脉象缓的，称为中风（外感风邪）。太阳病中，或者已经发热，或者尚未发热，但必定恶寒、身体疼痛、呕吐气逆、寸关尺三部脉象都紧的，称为伤寒（外感寒邪）。
疾病有发热且恶寒的，是发于阳经；没有发热而只恶寒的，是发于阴经。发于阳经的七天痊愈，发于阴经的六天痊愈。这是因为阳数用七，阴数用六的缘故。病人身体大热，反而想要靠近衣物取暖的，说明热在体表皮肤，寒在体内骨髓。病人身体大寒，反而不想靠近衣物的，说明寒在体表皮肤，热在体内骨髓。
按：太阳经以寒水之气主令，外在皮毛，卫护周身，是六经的纲领，所以其脉象浮。一旦受到风寒侵袭，则皮毛闭塞，此经首先发病。该经脉起于两眼内角，自头下行至项部，沿背部行走，夹脊抵腰，由外踝走向小趾。风寒外束，经脉不畅，所以头项、腰脊、骨筋疼痛。其脉连于督脉的风府穴，位于头后，该窍穴常开，风寒伤人，都是从风府穴进入，传入太阳经。肝主管营血，运行于经络；肺主管卫气，运行于皮毛；而营卫皆统属于太阳经。风邪伤卫气，寒邪伤营血，营卫感受邪气受损，这就是太阳经发病的原因。
按：太阳经的本病中风，用桂枝汤主治。伤寒用麻黄汤主治。风寒两感，用桂枝麻黄各半汤、桂枝二麻黄一汤主治。中风而内有火郁，用大青龙汤、桂枝二越婢一汤主治。伤寒而内有水饮郁结，用小青龙汤主治。表证已解而内部干燥，用白虎汤、白虎加人参汤主治。表证未解而里有湿邪，用五苓散、茯苓甘草汤主治。表证退去而热结于血分，用桃核承气汤、抵当汤、丸主治。
Since Huangdi (Yellow Emperor) and Qibo established medical theories, and Zhang Zhongjing formulated laws for syndrome differentiation and treatment, they became the ancestors of medicine for later generations. Among them, *Shanghan Lun* (Treatise on Cold Damage) is particularly comprehensive in its prescriptions and curative for all diseases, truly being the supreme treasure of the medical field. However, there are over a hundred commentaries on *Shanghan Lun*, with conflicting views and mutual contradictions. Moreover, the order of chapters and sections has been arbitrarily disrupted, causing readers to be confused and dazzled, unable to know which school of thought to follow. I read Xu Lingtai's *Shanghan Leifang* (Classified Formulas for Cold Damage), seeing that it traces the source from the flow, removing all繁杂 (complex/irrelevant) details, which seemed concise and worthy of adoption. However, it only classified by formulas, without distinguishing between exterior (Biao), interior (Li), cold (Han), heat (Re), deficiency (Xu), and excess (Shi) syndromes. Having studied *Shanghan Lun* attentively for over ten years, pondering day and night, I gained considerable insights. Therefore, I manually compiled this volume. The beginning still follows Huang Yuanyu's *Shanghan Xuanjie* (Mystic Explanation of Shanghan), clarifying the outlines of the Six Channels (Taiyang, Yangming, Shaoyang, Taiyin, Shaoyin, Jueyin). It specifies which syndrome should appear for each channel and which formula should be applied for each syndrome, clearly categorized so that everything is clear at a glance. Later, the content was divided into sixteen syndrome types, classifying formulas according to syndromes, and clearly listing the specific syndromes (Zhuan Zheng) and accompanying syndromes (Jian Zheng) of exterior, interior, cold, heat, deficiency, and excess. Within each category, the syndrome is first discussed, followed by the list of formulas, along with excerpts from Huang Yuanyu's formula explanations, striving for clarity and conciseness. This allows later readers of *Shanghan Lun* to identify syndromes by channel and find formulas by syndrome, logically coherent, thus avoiding the fear of being overwhelmed by the vastness of medical knowledge.
Preface by Yun Ge Shi on the 6th day of the second month of Yiwu year, Guangxu 21st Year (1895).
When Taiyang disease occurs, the pulse is floating, accompanied by stiffness and pain in the head and nape, and aversion to cold. In Taiyang disease, if there is fever, sweating, aversion to wind, and a slow pulse, it is named Wind Strike (Zhong Feng). In Taiyang disease, whether fever has already appeared or not, but inevitably with aversion to cold, body pain, vomiting and rebellious qi, and tight pulses in both yin and yang positions (cun and chi), it is named Cold Damage (Shang Han).
Diseases presenting with fever and aversion to cold originate from Yang channels; those without fever but with aversion to cold originate from Yin channels. Those originating from Yang heal in seven days; those originating from Yin heal in six days. This is because the number for Yang is seven, and for Yin is six. If a patient has high body heat but desires to wrap themselves in clothes, it indicates heat in the skin and flesh, and cold in the bone marrow. If a patient has low body temperature but does not desire to wrap themselves in clothes, it indicates cold in the skin and flesh, and heat in the bone marrow.
Note: Taiyang governs with Cold Water energy, covering the external skin and hair, protecting the whole body, serving as the outline of the Six Channels; hence its pulse is floating. Once attacked by Wind-Cold, the skin and hair become closed, and this channel is the first to be diseased. The channel starts from the inner canthus of the eyes, goes down from the head to the neck, travels along the back, flanks the spine to the waist, and runs from the lateral malleolus to the little toe. Bound by external Wind-Cold, the meridians do not flow smoothly, resulting in pain in the head, nape, waist, spine, bones, and tendons. Its pulse connects to the Fengfu (GV16) acupoint of the Du Meridian, located at the back of the head. This aperture is often open; when Wind-Cold attacks humans, it enters through the Fengfu acupoint and transmits to the Taiyang channel. The Liver governs Ying-Nutrient Blood, circulating in the meridians; the Lung governs Wei-Defensive Qi, circulating in the skin and hair; and both are unified under Taiyang. Wind injures Wei-Qi, Cold injures Ying-Blood. When Ying and Wei are damaged by pathogens, Taiyang disease occurs.
Note: For the primary Wind Strike of the Taiyang channel, Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is used. For Cold Damage, Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) is used. For simultaneous contraction of Wind and Cold, Guizhi Mahuang Ban Tang (Half Cinnamon Twig and Ephedra Decoction) and Guizhi Er Mahuang Yi Tang (Two Parts Cinnamon Twig and One Part Ephedra Decoction) are used. For Wind Strike with internal Fire Stagnation, Da Qinglong Tang (Great Blue Dragon Decoction) and Guizhi Er Yebi Yi Tang (Two Parts Cinnamon Twig and One Part Bitter Orange Decoction) are used. For Cold Damage with internal Water Stagnation, Xiao Qinglong Tang (Minor Blue Dragon Decoction) is used. After the exterior is resolved and internal dryness remains, Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) and Baihu Jia Renshen Tang (White Tiger Decoction plus Ginseng) are used. While the exterior is unresolved but dampness exists in the interior, Wuling San (Five-Ling Powder) and Fuling Gancao Jiangtang (Poria, Licorice, and Ginger Decoction) are used. When the exterior recedes and heat knots in the Blood aspect, Taohe Chengqi Tang (Peach Kernel and Rhubarb Decoction) and Didang Tang/Wan (Di Dang Decoction/Pill) are used.