论
《内经》曰∶湿胜则濡泄。又曰∶春伤于风,夏必飧泄。又曰∶暴注下迫,皆属于热。又曰∶诸病水液,澄澈清冷,
皆属于寒。叔和云∶湿多成五泄。是故知风寒湿热皆能令人泄泻,但湿热良多而风寒差少耳。《原病式》曰∶泻白为寒,
青黄赤黑为热也。大抵泻利,小便清白不涩为寒,赤涩为热。又大便完谷不化而色不变,吐利不腥秽,水液澄澈清冷,
小便清白不涩,身冷不渴,脉迟细而微者,皆寒证也。凡谷肉消化者,无问色及他证,便断为热。夫寒泄而谷消化者,
未之有也。或火性急速,转化失常,完谷不化而为飧泄者,亦有之矣。仲景曰∶邪热不杀谷。然热得湿,则为飧泄也。
噫!寒热二证,冰炭相反,治之者差之毫厘,谬以千里者也,医者可不谨乎。
脉法
《内经》曰∶脉细,皮寒,少气,泄利前后,饮食不入,是为五虚,死。其浆粥入胃,泄注止,则虚者活。脉经曰∶
泄注,脉缓时小结者生,浮大数者死。
又洞泄,食不化,不得留,下脓血,脉微小流连者生,劲急者死。
《脉诀》云∶下利微小则为生,脉大浮洪无瘥日。
方法
丹溪曰∶泄属湿,属气虚,有火,有痰,有食积者。
戴氏曰∶凡泻水,腹不痛者,湿也。饮食入胃不住,完谷不化者,气虚也。腹痛泻水肠鸣,痛一阵泻一阵者,火也。
或泻或不泻,或多或少者,痰也。腹痛甚而泻,泻后痛减者,食积也。
燥湿,四苓散加苍术,倍白术。甚者,二术炒为末,米饮调服。
气虚,用人参、白术、芍药。
火宜伐火利小水,四苓散加滑石、黄芩、栀子、木通。
痰宜伐痰,海石、青黛、黄芩、神曲为丸服,或用吐以提其清气。
食积,宜消导疏涤之,神曲、大黄、枳实之类。
水泻,用苍术、浓朴、陈皮、炒曲、茯苓、猪苓、泽泻、地榆、甘草,冬加干姜,等分煎服。
泄泻水多者,必用五苓散。
夏月水泻,桂苓甘露饮。(二方并见暑门。)
治泄泻诸药,多作丸子效。
脾胃不和泄泻者,胃苓汤。(五苓合平胃散是也。)
世俗例用涩药治泻,若病久而虚者或可。若初得者,必变他证,为祸不小。殊不知泻多因于湿,分利小水,为上策
也。
(以上丹溪方法凡十二条)
清六丸 治泄泻。
六一散(一料) 加红曲五钱。
上为细末,汤浸蒸饼为丸服。
温六丸 治泄泻,或兼呕吐者。
六一散加干姜,或生姜汁亦可,蒸饼丸服。
姜曲丸 治食积泻。
陈曲 茴香(各五钱) 生姜(一两)
上为细末,蒸饼丸服。
止泻方
肉豆蔻(五钱) 白滑石(春冬一两二钱五分,夏二两五钱,秋二两)
上为细末,姜汁调神曲作糊,为丸服。
脾泄丸
白术 神曲 芍药(并炒,各等分)
冬加肉豆蔻,去芍药,为细末,神曲糊为丸服。
(以上皆丹溪方)
茯苓汤(东垣) 治因伤冷冻饮料水,泄泻注下,一夜十余次,变作白痢,或变赤白相杂,腹中 痛,食减热燥,
四肢沉因无力。
生黄芩(一钱五分) 当归(二钱) 肉桂 炙甘草(各二分半) 猪苓 茯苓(各三分) 泽泻(五分) 芍药
(七分半) 苍术 生甘草 升麻 柴胡(各一钱)
上细切,作一服,水二盏,煎至一盏,稍热服。
黄 补胃汤(东垣) 治一日大便三、四次,溏而不多,有时作泄,肠中鸣,小便黄。
黄 柴胡 当归身 益智 橘红(各一钱五分) 升麻(二钱) 炙甘草(五分) 红花(少许)
上细切,作一服,水二盏,煎至一盏,稍热,食前服。
升阳除湿汤(东垣) 自下而上者,引而去之。
苍术(一钱) 柴胡 羌活 防风 升麻 神曲 泽泻 猪苓(各五分) 炙甘草 陈皮 麦 面(各三分)
上细切,作一服,水二盏,煎至一盏,去渣空心服。如胃寒肠鸣,加益智仁、半夏各五分,生姜三片,大枣一枚同
煎。非肠鸣勿用。
治痛泄要方(刘草窗)
白术(二两,炒) 白芍药(二两,炒) 陈皮(一两五钱,炒) 防风(一两)
上细切,分作八服,水煎或丸服。久泻,加升麻六钱。
白术芍药汤(机要) 治太阴脾经受湿,水泄注下,体重微满,困弱无力,不欲饮食,水谷不化,宜此和之。
身
重暴下,是大势来,亦宜和也。
白术 白芍药(各四钱) 甘草(二钱)
上细切,作一服,水二盏,煎至一盏,温服。
茯苓汤(机要) 治湿泻,又治食积、湿热作泻。
白术 茯苓(各五钱)
上细切,作一服,水煎,食前服。一方有芍药,三味各等分,名白术散,为末,米饮调下。
苍术芍药汤 治证如前。
苍术(五钱) 芍药(二钱五分) 黄芩(一钱五分) 淡桂(五分)
上细切,作一服,水二盏,煎至一盏,温服。
防风芍药汤(机要) 治飧泄身热,脉弦,腰痛微汗。
防风 芍药 黄芩(各二钱)
上细切,作一服,水煎,空心服。
苍术防风汤(机要) 治泄泻,脉弦头痛。
苍术(二钱) 防风(一钱) 白术(四钱) 麻黄(一钱)
上细切,作一服,加生姜五片,水二盏,煎至一盏,食前服。
神术散(良方) 治春伤于风,夏必飧泄之证。
苍术(一钱五分) 本 川芎(各六分) 羌活(四分) 甘草(炙,三分) 细辛(二分)
上细切,作一服,加生姜三片,水二盏,煎至一盏,去渣温服。如欲汗,加葱白三茎。
胃风汤(局方) 治证如前,及治风冷乘虚,入客肠胃,米谷不化,泄泻注下,及肠胃湿毒,下如豆汁,或下
瘀
血,或如鱼脑,日夜无度,久不得愈者。(方见中风门。)
(丹溪活套)云∶泄泻注下如水,用生料五苓散,加苍术、车前子,倍白术,为末,米汤调服。湿热甚、下泄如热
汤者,本方去桂,加滑石、黄芩、栀子、木通之类。如腹中 痛,下泄清冷,喜热手荡熨,口不燥渴,乃寒泄也。本方
倍桂,加肉豆蔻。有气,加木香。病甚者,更加丁香、附子。作丸服。如久泄,谷道不合,或脱肛,此元气下陷、及大
肠不行收令而然。用白术、芍药、神曲、陈皮、肉豆蔻、诃子肉、五倍子、乌梅为丸,以四君子汤加防风、升麻,煎汤
送下。如食积,时常腹痛,泻积先以木香槟榔丸或东垣枳实导滞丸推遂之,而后以四苓加浓扑、苍术、神曲、麦芽之类,
作丸服之,以安胃气。如泻水腹不痛者,属气虚,宜四君子汤倍白术,加黄 、升麻、柴胡、防风之类,补以提之而愈。
(祖传方)
治暴泄注下用。
车前子(一两,微炒)
上一味,研为细末,清米饮调服。
又方 治腹痛泄泻用。
艾叶(一握) 车前子叶(一握,阴干)
上先将二叶细切,用水二盏,煎至一盏,去渣入姜汁,再煎一沸,稍热服,立愈。
(医案)
一人泄泻,日夜无度,诸药不效。偶得一方,用针沙、地龙、猪
苓三味,共为细末,生葱捣汁,调方寸匕,贴脐上,小便长而泻止。
一人吐泻三日,垂死嘱付后事。予为灸天枢、气海三穴,立止。
论
《黄帝内经》说:湿气偏盛就会导致大便稀溏。又说:春季感受风邪,到了夏天必定发生完谷不化的泄泻。又说:突然剧烈腹泻且伴有肛门急迫感,都属于热证。又说:各种病理性水液排泄物,如果清澈寒冷,都属于寒证。王叔和说:湿气重会形成五种泄泻。因此知道风寒湿热都能导致人泄泻,只是湿热导致的较多,而风寒导致的较少罢了。刘河间在《原病式》中说:大便白色为寒证,青色、黄色、赤色、黑色为热证。大抵上,腹泻时小便颜色清白且不涩痛的是寒证,小便赤色且涩痛的是热证。另外,如果大便中有未消化的食物且颜色没有改变,呕吐和腹泻的气味不腥臭,水液清澈寒冷,小便清白不涩痛,身体发冷且不口渴,脉象迟缓、细弱而微的,都是寒证。凡是谷物和肉类能够被消化的,无论颜色和其他症状如何,都断定为热证。如果是寒性泄泻却有谷物消化现象的,是没有这种情况的。或者因为火性急速,转化功能失常,导致完谷不化而发生飧泄(完谷不化的泄泻)的,也有这种情况。张仲景说:邪热不能腐熟水谷。然而热邪遇到湿气,就会形成飧泄。唉!寒证和热证,就像冰和炭一样相反,治疗时如果差错毫厘,结果就会谬以千里,医生能不谨慎吗?
脉法
《黄帝内经》说:脉象细小,皮肤寒冷,气短少气,前后二便泄利不止,饮食无法入口,这称为“五虚”,是死证。如果浆粥能进入胃中,泄泻停止,那么虚弱的病人就能存活。《脉经》说:泄泻注下,脉象缓和且偶尔出现小结节的可以生,脉象浮大数急的会死亡。
另外,洞泄(严重的水样泄泻),食物不消化,停留不住,排出脓血,脉象微小且持续不断的可以生,脉象强劲急迫的会死亡。
《脉诀》说:下利脉象微小则为生,脉象大浮洪大的就没有痊愈的日子。
方法
戴氏说:凡是泻下水,腹部不痛的,是湿邪所致。饮食入胃后停留不住,完谷不化的,是气虚所致。腹痛且泻下水,肠鸣,痛一阵泻一阵的,是火邪所致。有时泻有时不泻,或多或少不定的,是痰邪所致。腹痛剧烈且腹泻,泻后疼痛减轻的,是食积所致。
针对湿邪:燥湿,用四苓散加苍术,加倍使用白术。严重的,将苍术和白术炒后研为末,用米汤调服。
针对火邪:宜清火并通利小便,用四苓散加滑石、黄芩、栀子、木通。
针对痰邪:宜祛痰,用海浮石、青黛、黄芩、神曲制成丸剂服用,或者用催吐法来提举清气。
针对水泻:用苍术、厚朴、陈皮、炒神曲、茯苓、猪苓、泽泻、地榆、甘草,冬季加干姜,各等分煎服。
治疗泄泻的各种药物,多做成丸剂效果较好。
世俗惯例使用收敛固涩的药治疗泄泻,如果是病程长且体虚的人或许可以。如果是初发病,一定会变成其他病症,祸患不小。殊不知泄泻多因于湿,分利小便才是上策。
(以上丹溪的方法共十二条)
清六丸 治疗泄泻。
六一散(一料) 加红曲五钱。
以上研为细末,用汤浸泡蒸饼作为丸剂服用。
温六丸 治疗泄泻,或兼有呕吐者。
六一散加干姜,或者用生姜汁也可以,蒸饼制丸服用。
姜曲丸 治疗食积泄泻。
陈曲 茴香(各五钱) 生姜(一两)
以上研为细末,蒸饼制丸服用。
止泻方
肉豆蔻(五钱) 白滑石(春冬一两二钱五分,夏二两五钱,秋二两)
以上研为细末,用姜汁调神曲做成糊状,制丸服用。
脾泄丸
白术 神曲 芍药(均炒,各等分)
冬季加肉豆蔻,去掉芍药,研为细末,用神曲糊制丸服用。
(以上都是丹溪的方子)
茯苓汤(李东垣方) 治疗因食用冷冻饮料和水导致的泄泻注下,一夜十多次,变为白痢,或变为赤白相杂,腹中绞痛,食欲减退,身体燥热,四肢沉重无力。
生黄芩(一钱五分) 当归(二钱) 肉桂 炙甘草(各二分半) 猪苓 茯苓(各三分) 泽泻(五分) 芍药(七分半) 苍术 生甘草 升麻 柴胡(各一钱)
以上切碎,作一服药,用水两盏,煎至一盏,稍热时服用。
黄芪补胃汤(李东垣方) 治疗一天大便三、四次,稀溏但不多,有时发生泄泻,肠中鸣响,小便黄。
黄芪 柴胡 当归身 益智仁 橘红(各一钱五分) 升麻(二钱) 炙甘草(五分) 红花(少许)
以上切碎,作一服药,用水两盏,煎至一盏,稍热,饭前服用。
升阳除湿汤(李东垣方) 病势自下而上者,引导其外出。
苍术(一钱) 柴胡 羌活 防风 升麻 神曲 泽泻 猪苓(各五分) 炙甘草 陈皮 麦面(各三分)
以上切碎,作一服药,用水两盏,煎至一盏,去渣空腹服用。如果胃寒肠鸣,加益智仁、半夏各五分,生姜三片,大枣一枚同煎。如果不是肠鸣不要使用。
治痛泄要方(刘草窗方)
白术(二两,炒) 白芍药(二两,炒) 陈皮(一两五钱,炒) 防风(一两)
以上切碎,分作八次服用,水煎或制丸服用。久泻,加升麻六钱。
白术芍药汤(《医学发明》) 治疗太阴脾经受湿,水样泄泻注下,身体沉重微满,困倦虚弱无力,不想饮食,水谷不化,宜用此方调和。
身体沉重暴泻,是大势所趋,也宜调和。
白术 白芍药(各四钱) 甘草(二钱)
以上切碎,作一服药,用水两盏,煎至一盏,温服。
茯苓汤(《医学发明》) 治疗湿泻,又治疗食积、湿热导致的泄泻。
白术 茯苓(各五钱)
以上切碎,作一服药,水煎,饭前服用。另一方案有芍药,三味各等分,名为白术散,研为末,米汤调下。
苍术芍药汤 治疗症状如前所述。
苍术(五钱) 芍药(二钱五分) 黄芩(一钱五分) 淡桂(五分)
以上切碎,作一服药,用水两盏,煎至一盏,温服。
防风芍药汤(《医学发明》) 治疗飧泄伴身热,脉弦,腰痛微汗。
防风 芍药 黄芩(各二钱)
以上切碎,作一服药,水煎,空腹服用。
苍术防风汤(《医学发明》) 治疗泄泻,脉弦头痛。
苍术(二钱) 防风(一钱) 白术(四钱) 麻黄(一钱)
以上切碎,作一服药,加生姜五片,用水两盏,煎至一盏,饭前服用。
神术散(《良方》) 治疗春季伤于风邪,夏季必发飧泄的证候。
苍术(一钱五分) 藁本 川芎(各六分) 羌活(四分) 甘草(炙,三分) 细辛(二分)
以上切碎,作一服药,加生姜三片,用水两盏,煎至一盏,去渣温服。如果想发汗,加葱白三茎。
胃风汤(《局方》) 治疗症状如前所述,以及治疗风冷乘虚侵入肠胃,米谷不化,泄泻注下,以及肠胃湿毒,排出如豆汁样,或排出瘀血,或如鱼脑样,日夜无度,久治不愈者。(方子见中风门章节。)
(丹溪活套)说:泄泻注下如水,用生料五苓散,加苍术、车前子,加倍白术,研为末,米汤调服。湿热严重、下泄如热汤般的,本方去掉肉桂,加滑石、黄芩、栀子、木通之类。如果腹中绞痛,下泄清冷,喜欢用热手熨烫,口不干燥口渴,这是寒泄。本方加倍肉桂,加肉豆蔻。有气滞,加木香。病情严重的,再加丁香、附子。制成丸剂服用。如果是久泻,肛门松弛不收,或脱肛,这是元气下陷及大肠失去收摄功能所致。用白术、芍药、神曲、陈皮、肉豆蔻、诃子肉、五倍子、乌梅制成丸剂,用四君子汤加防风、升麻煎汤送服。如果有食积,时常腹痛,泻下积滞,先用木香槟榔丸或李东垣枳实导滞丸推荡清除,然后再用四苓散加厚朴、苍术、神曲、麦芽之类,制成丸剂服用,以安养胃气。如果是泻水且腹部不痛的,属于气虚,宜用四君子汤加倍白术,加黄芪、升麻、柴胡、防风之类,补益并提升气机而痊愈。
(祖传方)
治疗暴发性泄泻注下使用。
车前子(一两,微炒)
以上一味,研为细末,用清米汤调服。
又一方 治疗腹痛泄泻使用。
艾叶(一握) 车前子叶(一握,阴干)
以上先将两叶切碎,用水两盏,煎至一盏,去渣加入姜汁,再煎一沸,稍热服用,立即痊愈。
(医案)
有一人泄泻,日夜无度,各种药物无效。偶然得到一个方子,用针砂、地龙、猪苓三味药,共研为细末,用生葱捣汁,调取一方寸匕的量,贴在脐上,小便变长而泄泻停止。
Treatise
The *Huangdi Neijing* (Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon) states: "When dampness prevails, loose stools occur." It also says: "If wind is injured in spring, sunken diarrhea (canxue, diarrhea with undigested food) will definitely occur in summer." Furthermore: "Sudden violent diarrhea with tenesmus all belong to heat." And: "All pathological fluid discharges that are clear, cold, and thin all belong to cold." Wang Shuhe said: "Excessive dampness leads to five types of diarrhea." Thus, it is known that wind, cold, dampness, and heat can all cause diarrhea, but those caused by damp-heat are more common, while those caused by wind-cold are fewer. Liu Wansu in the *Yuanbing Shi* (Book on the Origin of Diseases) stated: "White stool indicates cold; green, yellow, red, and black indicate heat." Generally, if during diarrhea the urine is clear and white without dysuria, it is cold; if red and painful, it is heat. Additionally, if the stool contains undigested food without color change, vomiting and diarrhea lack a foul odor, fluids are clear and cold, urine is clear and white without dysuria, the body is cold without thirst, and the pulse is slow, fine, and weak, these are all cold syndromes. Whenever grains and meats are digested, regardless of color or other symptoms, it is judged as heat. There is no case where cold diarrhea presents with digested food. However, due to the rapid nature of fire, if transformation functions fail, leading to undigested food and sunken diarrhea (sunken diarrhea), this does exist. Zhang Zhongjing said: "Pathogenic heat fails to cook grain." Yet when heat meets dampness, it forms sunken diarrhea. Alas! Cold and heat syndromes are opposite like ice and charcoal; a slight error in treatment leads to a thousand-mile deviation. Can physicians not be cautious?
Pulse Diagnosis
The *Huangdi Neijing* states: "A fine pulse, cold skin, shortness of breath, continuous diarrhea of both bowels and bladder, and inability to eat or drink constitute the 'Five Deficiencies,' which is a death sign. If gruel enters the stomach and diarrhea stops, the deficient patient will survive." The *Mai Jing* (Classic of Pulse Diagnosis) states: "In diarrhea, a slow pulse with occasional small knotty beats indicates survival; a floating, large, and rapid pulse indicates death."
Furthermore, in severe watery diarrhea (dongxie) where food is not digested, cannot stay inside, and pus and blood are discharged, a minute and lingering pulse indicates survival, while a strong and urgent pulse indicates death.
The *Mai Jue* (Pulse Mantra) says: "Diarrhea with a minute pulse indicates life; a large, floating, and洪 (full) pulse indicates no day of recovery."
Methods
Zhu Danxi said: "Diarrhea belongs to dampness, qi deficiency, fire, phlegm, and food stagnation."
Dai Shi said: "For diarrhea of water without abdominal pain, it is dampness. For food entering the stomach but not staying, resulting in undigested food, it is qi deficiency. For abdominal pain with watery diarrhea and borborygmus, where pain comes in waves followed by diarrhea, it is fire. For irregular diarrhea varying in amount, it is phlegm. For severe abdominal pain with diarrhea that relieves after defecation, it is food stagnation."
For dampness: Dry dampness using Siling San (Four-Powder Decoction) added with Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), doubling Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma). For severe cases, stir-fry Cangzhu and Baizhu into powder, mix with rice water, and take.
For qi deficiency: Use Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Baizhu, and Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix).
For fire: Clear fire and promote urination using Siling San added with Huashi (Talcum), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus), and Mutong (Akebiae Caulis).
For phlegm: Eliminate phlegm using Haishi (Pumice), Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis), Huangqin, and Shenqu (Medicated Leaven) made into pills, or induce vomiting to raise clear qi.
For food stagnation: Promote digestion and purging using Shenqu, Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), and Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus).
For watery diarrhea: Use Cangzhu, Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), stir-fried Shenqu, Fuling (Poria), Zhuling (Polyporus), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Diyu (Sanguisorbae Radix), and Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma). In winter, add Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma). Decoct equal parts.
For profuse watery diarrhea, Wuling San (Five-Ling Powder) must be used.
For summer watery diarrhea, use Guiling Ganlu Yin (Cinnamon Twig, Polyporus, and Dew-Drop Decoction). (Both formulas are seen in the Summerheat section.)
Most medicines for treating diarrhea are effective when made into pills.
For diarrhea due to spleen-stomach disharmony, use Weiling Tang (Stomach-Ling Decoction). (This is the combination of Wuling San and Pingwei San.)
Secular custom often uses astringent drugs to treat diarrhea; this may be suitable for chronic and deficient cases. However, for initial onset, it will surely transform into other syndromes, causing significant harm. One should not know that diarrhea is mostly due to dampness; promoting diuresis is the best strategy.
(Above are twelve methods from Danxi.)
Qingliu Wan (Clear Six Pill) Treats diarrhea.
Liuyi San (Six-to-One Powder) (one dose) plus Hongqu (Red Yeast Rice) 5 qian.
Grind into fine powder, soak steamed bread dough in decoction, make into pills, and take.
Wenliu Wan (Warm Six Pills) Treats diarrhea, or with vomiting.
Liuyi San plus Ganjiang, or fresh ginger juice, made into pills with steamed bread dough.
Jiangqu Wan (Ginger-Leaven Pill) Treats food stagnation diarrhea.
Chenqu (Old Medicated Leaven) Huixiang (Foeniculi Fructus) (each 5 qian) Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) (1 liang)
Grind into fine powder, make into pills with steamed bread dough.
Zhixie Fang (Stop Diarrhea Formula)
Roudoukou (Myristicae Semen) (5 qian) Bai Huashi (White Talcum) (Spring/Winter 1 liang 2 qian 5 fen, Summer 2 liang 5 qian, Autumn 2 liang)
Grind into fine powder, mix Shenqu with ginger juice to make paste, form pills, and take.
Pixie Wan (Spleen Diarrhea Pill)
Baizhu Shenqu Shaoyao (all stir-fried, equal parts)
In winter, add Roudoukou, remove Shaoyao, grind into fine powder, make pills with Shenqu paste.
(Above are all Danxi's formulas.)
Fuling Tang (Dongyuan) Treats diarrhea caused by consuming frozen drinks/water, with frequent watery stools (>10 times/night), transforming into white dysentery or mixed red-white dysentery, abdominal colic, reduced appetite, dryness/heat, and heavy/weak limbs.
Sheng Huangqin (1.5 qian) Danggui (2 qian) Rougui Cinnamon Twig/Glazed Gancao (each 0.25 qian) Zhuling Fuling (each 0.3 qian) Zexie (0.5 qian) Shaoyao (0.75 qian) Cangzhu Sheng Gancao Shengma Chaihu (each 1 qian)
Cut finely, one dose, decoct 2 cups of water to 1 cup, take slightly warm.
Huangqi Bawei Tang (Dongyuan) Treats bowel movements 3-4 times/day, loose but not voluminous, occasional diarrhea, borborygmus, yellow urine.
Huangqi (Astragali Radix) Chaihu Danggui Shen Yizhi Ju Hong (each 1.5 qian) Shengma (2 qian) Glazed Gancao (0.5 qian) Honghua (Safflower) (a little)
Cut finely, one dose, decoct 2 cups of water to 1 cup, take slightly warm before meals.
Shengyang Chushi Tang (Dongyuan) For conditions rising from below, guide them out.
Cangzhu (1 qian) Chaihu Qianghuo Fangfeng Shengma Shenqu Zexie Zhuling (each 0.5 qian) Glazed Gancao Chenpi Mai Mian (Bran) (each 0.3 qian)
Cut finely, one dose, decoct 2 cups of water to 1 cup, strain, take on an empty stomach. If stomach cold with borborygmus, add Yizhiren, Banxia (each 0.5 qian), Shengjiang (3 slices), Dazao (1 piece). Do not use if no borborygmus.
Zhi Tongxie Yaofang (Liu Caochuang)
Baizhu (2 liang, stir-fried) Baishaoyao (2 liang, stir-fried) Chenpi (1.5 liang, stir-fried) Fangfeng (1 liang)
Cut finely, divide into 8 doses, decoct or make pills. For chronic diarrhea, add Shengma (6 qian).
Baizhu Shaoyao Tang (Jiyao) Treats Taiyin Spleen channel dampness, watery diarrhea, heavy body with slight fullness, weakness, anorexia, undigested food. Harmonize with this.
Severe sudden diarrhea indicates a strong pathogen, also harmonize.
Baizhu Baishaoyao (each 4 qian) Gancao (2 qian)
Cut finely, one dose, decoct 2 cups of water to 1 cup, take warm.
Fuling Tang (Jiyao) Treats damp diarrhea, also food stagnation and damp-heat diarrhea.
Baizhu Fuling (each 5 qian)
Cut finely, one dose, decoct, take before meals. Another formula has Shaoyao, three ingredients equal parts, named Baizhu San, powder, take with rice water.
Cangzhu Shaoyao Tang Treats symptoms as above.
Cangzhu (5 qian) Shaoyao (2.5 qian) Huangqin (1.5 qian) Dan Gui (Light Cinnamon Twig) (0.5 qian)
Cut finely, one dose, decoct 2 cups of water to 1 cup, take warm.
Fangfeng Shaoyao Tang (Jiyao) Treats sunken diarrhea with fever, wiry pulse, lower back pain with slight sweating.
Fangfeng Shaoyao Huangqin (each 2 qian)
Cut finely, one dose, decoct, take on empty stomach.
Cangzhu Fangfeng Tang (Jiyao) Treats diarrhea, wiry pulse, headache.
Cangzhu (2 qian) Fangfeng (1 qian) Baizhu (4 qian) Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba) (1 qian)
Cut finely, one dose, add Shengjiang (5 slices), decoct 2 cups of water to 1 cup, take before meals.
Shenzhu San (Liangfang) Treats spring wind injury leading to summer sunken diarrhea.
Cangzhu (1.5 qian) Ben Cao (Ligustici Rhizoma et Radix) Chuanxiong Qianghuo (each 0.6 qian) Glazed Gancao (0.3 qian) Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) (0.2 qian)
Cut finely, one dose, add Shengjiang (3 slices), decoct 2 cups of water to 1 cup, strain, take warm. To induce sweat, add Congbai (Scallion White) (3 stems).
Weifeng Tang (Jufang) Treats symptoms as above, and wind-cold invading intestines/stomach due to deficiency, undigested food, watery diarrhea, intestinal damp-toxin, discharge like bean curd dregs, bruised blood, or fish brain, unceasing day and night, chronic non-healing. (Formula seen in Stroke section.)
(Danxi Huotao) says: For watery diarrhea, use raw material Wuling San, add Cangzhu, Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen), double Baizhu, powder, take with rice soup. For severe damp-heat, diarrhea like hot soup, remove Rougui from this formula, add Huashi, Huangqin, Zhizi, Mutong. If abdominal colic, cold clear diarrhea, preferring hot hand warming, no dry mouth/thirst, this is cold diarrhea. Double Rougui in this formula, add Roudoukou. For qi stagnation, add Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix). For severe cases, add Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata). Make pills. For chronic diarrhea, anal laxity, or rectal prolapse, this is yuanqi sinking and large intestine failing to consolidate. Use Baizhu, Shaoyao, Shenqu, Chenpi, Roudoukou, Hezi Rou (Terminalia Chebula Retocarp), Wubeizi (Galla Chinensis), Wumei (Mume Fructus) to make pills. Send down with Si Junzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction) plus Fangfeng, Shengma decoction. For food stagnation with frequent abdominal pain, first push out accumulation with Muxiang Binglang Wan or Dongyuan Zhishi Daozhi Wan, then use Siling San plus Houpo, Cangzhu, Shenqu, Maiya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus) to make pills, to soothe stomach qi. For watery diarrhea without abdominal pain, belonging to qi deficiency, use Si Junzi Tang doubled Baizhu, add Huangqi, Shengma, Chaihu, Fangfeng, tonify and lift to cure.
(Ancestral Formula)
For acute severe watery diarrhea.
Cheqianzi (1 liang, lightly stir-fried)
One ingredient, grind to fine powder, take with clear rice water.
Another Formula For abdominal pain diarrhea.
Aiye (Mugwort Leaf) (a handful) Cheqianzi Ye (Plantago Leaf) (a handful, dried in shade)
Finely chop leaves, decoct 2 cups of water to 1 cup, strain, add ginger juice, boil once more, take slightly warm, cures immediately.
Medical Case
One patient had diarrhea unceasing day and night, ineffective with various medicines. Accidentally obtained a formula: use Zhen Sha (Needle Sand), Dilong (Pheretima), Zhuling, grind to fine powder. Mix with raw scallion juice, apply one fangcun bi (measure) to the navel. Urine flow increased, diarrhea stopped.
One patient vomited and had diarrhea for three days, near death, arranging affairs. I moxa Tian Shu (ST25), Qi Hai (CV6) points. Stopped immediately.