病筋脉相引而急，名曰螈 ，俗谓之搐是也。
〔河〕诸热瞀 ，皆属于火。热胜风搏，并于经络，风主动而不宁，风火相乘，是以热瞀 生矣。治法，
祛风涤热之剂，折其火热，瞀 可立愈。若妄加灼艾，或饮以发表之剂，则死不旋踵矣。
《素问》云∶心脉急甚者，为螈 。此心火虚寒也，治宜补心牛黄散主之。《灵枢》云∶心脉满大，痫 筋
挛。此心火实热也，治宜泻心火凉惊丸主之。肝脉小急，亦痫 筋挛。此肝虚也，续断丸主之。若肝脉盛者，
先救脾，宜加减建中汤。《素问》云∶脾脉急甚者，亦为螈 。此脾虚肝乘之而 也，故宜实土泻肝木之剂。
汗多不止为虚，无汗能食为实。
〔垣〕人参益气汤 治热伤元气，四肢困倦，手指麻木，时时螈 。
黄 （二钱） 甘草（炙） 升麻（各五分） 五味子（三十粒） 柴胡（六分） 生甘草（五分）
人参（一钱二分） 炙甘草（五分） 白芍药（七分）
上 咀，作一服，水二盏，煎至一盏，去渣，热服。
独活汤 治风虚昏聩，不自觉知，手足螈 ，或为寒热，血虚不能服发汗药，及中风自汗，尤宜服之。
独活 羌活 人参 防风 当归 细辛 茯神 远志 半夏 桂心 白薇 菖蒲 川芎（各五钱）
甘草（二钱半）
每服一两，水二盏，生姜五片，煎八分，食后温服。
胃风汤 治虚风症，能食麻木，牙关紧急，手足螈 ，目肉蠕 ，胃中有风，面肿。
白芷（一钱二分） 升麻（二钱） 葛根（一钱） 苍术（一钱） 甘草（五分，炙） 柴胡 本 羌活
黄柏 草豆蔻（各五分） 麻黄（半钱，不去节） 蔓荆子（一钱） 当归身（一钱）
上 咀，水二钟，姜三片，枣二枚，煎至一钟，温服。
〔《千》〕薯蓣丸 治虚劳不足，风气百疾，头目眩冒，惊悸狂癫。
薯蓣（二十八分） 当归（十分） 桂心（七分） 神曲（炒） 熟地（各十分） 甘草（二十分）
人参（十分） 芎 （五分） 芍药 白术 麦门冬 杏仁（各六分） 柴胡 桔梗 茯苓（各五分）
鹿角胶（七分） 干姜（三分） 白蔹（三分） 防风（六分） 大枣（一百枚，为膏） 黄芩（六分） 大
豆黄卷（七分）
上二十二味，末之，和枣膏炼蜜丸，如弹子大，空腹酒服一丸，日三服。
续断丸 治肝劳虚寒，胁痛胀满，眼昏不食，挛缩螈 。
续断（酒浸） 川芎 当归（酒浸） 半夏（汤泡，姜制） 橘红 干姜（炮，各一两） 桂心 甘草（
炙，各半两）
上为细末，蜜丸，如桐子大。每服百丸，白滚汤下。
牛黄散 治心虚风，筋脉挛搐，神昏语涩。
牛黄 龙脑 朱砂 麝香（各一钱） 蝉蜕 乌蛇肉（一两，酒浸） 全蝎（炒） 僵蚕（炒）
桑螵蛸 羚羊角 阿胶（炒） 天麻 防风 甘菊花 蔓荆子 桂心 细辛 侧子（炮，去皮） 独活
（去芦，各半两） 犀角（半两） 麻黄（七钱半）
上为细末，和匀，再研，每服一钱，豆淋酒下。
续命煮散 治风气留滞，心中昏愦，四肢无力，口眼 动，或时搐搦，或渴或自汗。
防风 独活 当归 人参 细辛 葛根 芍药 川芎 甘草 熟地 远志 荆芥 半夏（各五钱）
官桂（七钱半）
每服一两，水二盏，生姜三片，煎至八分，去渣，通口服。汗多者，加牡蛎粉一钱半。
独活散 消风化痰。
细辛 石膏（研） 甘草（炙。各半两） 防风 本 旋复花 川芎 蔓荆子 独活（各一两）
上为细末，每服三钱，姜三片，水一大盏，煎七分，食后服。
运气 螈 有二∶
其一曰火。经曰∶火郁之发，民病呕逆螈 。又曰∶少阳所至，为暴注 。又曰∶少阳司天，客胜则为
螈是也。
其二曰水。经曰∶阳明司天，燥气下临，木气上从，民病胁痛目赤，掉振鼓栗。又曰∶岁土太过，雨湿流
行，民病足痿不收，行善 。又曰∶太阴之复，头顶痛重而掉， 尤甚是也。
〔《甲》〕卒心中痛，螈 ，互相引，肘内廉痛，心熬熬然，间使主之。热病先手臂，身热螈 ，唇口聚，
鼻张，目下汗出如转珠，两乳下二寸坚，胁满，悸，列缺主之。振寒螈 ，手不伸，咳嗽唾浊，气膈善呕，尺
泽主之。大风嘿嘿，不知所痛，嗜卧善惊，螈 ，天井主之。头重鼻衄及螈 ，至阴主之。身热狂走，谵语见
鬼，螈 ，身柱主之。
〔《千》〕腹满螈 ，心痛，气满不得息，巨阙主之。呕血时 ，善摇头，颜青，汗出不过肩，伤寒，温病，
曲泽主之。
筋脉相互牵引而拘急，称为“螈”，俗称“搐”。
〔李东垣〕各种热盛导致的神志昏乱，都归属于火。热邪胜而风邪搏结，并走于经络之中，风性主动而不宁静，风与火相互乘袭，因此产生神志昏乱的症状。治疗方法，使用祛风清热涤热的方剂，折损其火热之势，神志昏乱即可立即痊愈。如果错误地施加艾灸，或者饮用发汗解表的药剂，那么死亡就会立刻发生。
《素问》说：心脉紧急严重的，会出现“螈”。这是心火虚寒所致，治疗适宜用补心牛黄散为主方。《灵枢》说：心脉满大，出现癫痫和筋脉挛缩。这是心火实热所致，治疗适宜用泻心火凉惊丸为主方。肝脉小且急，也是癫痫和筋脉挛缩。这是肝虚所致，适宜用续断丸为主方。如果肝脉盛大，先救治脾脏，适宜用加减建中汤。《素问》说：脾脉紧急严重的，也出现“螈”。这是脾虚被肝木乘克所致，所以适宜用健脾实土、泻肝木的方剂。汗出过多不止属于虚证，无汗且能进食属于实证。
〔李杲（东垣）〕人参益气汤 治疗热邪损伤元气，四肢困倦乏力，手指麻木，时常出现“螈”。
黄芪（二钱） 甘草（炙） 升麻（各五分） 五味子（三十粒） 柴胡（六分） 生甘草（五分）
人参（一钱二分） 炙甘草（五分） 白芍药（七分）
以上药物切碎，作为一服，加水两盏，煎煮至一盏，去渣，热服。
独活汤 治疗风虚导致的头目昏聩，意识不清，手足抽搐，或者伴有寒热症状，血虚不能耐受发汗药，以及中风自汗，尤其适宜服用此方。
独活 羌活 人参 防风 当归 细辛 茯神 远志 半夏 桂心 白薇 菖蒲 川芎（各五钱）
甘草（二钱半）
每次服用一两，加水两盏，生姜五片，煎煮至八分，饭后温服。
胃风汤 治疗虚风症，能进食但身体麻木，牙关紧急，手足抽搐，眼睑肌肉跳动，胃中有风邪，面部浮肿。
白芷（一钱二分） 升麻（二钱） 葛根（一钱） 苍术（一钱） 甘草（五分，炙） 柴胡 藁本 羌活
黄柏 草豆蔻（各五分） 麻黄（半钱，不去节） 蔓荆子（一钱） 当归身（一钱）
以上药物切碎，加水两钟，生姜三片，大枣二枚，煎煮至一钟，温服。
〔《千金方》〕薯蓣丸 治疗虚劳不足，风气引起的多种疾病，头目眩晕冒昧，惊悸狂癫。
薯蓣（二十八分） 当归（十分） 桂心（七分） 神曲（炒） 熟地黄（各十分） 甘草（二十分）
人参（十分） 川芎（五分） 芍药 白术 麦门冬 杏仁（各六分） 柴胡 桔梗 茯苓（各五分）
鹿角胶（七分） 干姜（三分） 白蔹（三分） 防风（六分） 大枣（一百枚，制成膏） 黄芩（六分） 大豆黄卷（七分）
以上二十二味药，研成末，与大枣膏和炼蜜混合制成丸药，如弹子大小，空腹时酒送服一丸，每日三次。
续断丸 治疗肝劳虚寒，胁痛胀满，眼昏眼花食欲不振，筋脉挛缩抽搐。
续断（酒浸） 川芎 当归（酒浸） 半夏（汤泡，姜制） 橘红 干姜（炮，各一两） 桂心 甘草
（炙，各半两）
以上药物研为细末，蜜丸，如梧桐子大小。每次服用一百丸，白开水送下。
牛黄 龙脑（冰片） 朱砂 麝香（各一钱） 蝉蜕 乌蛇肉（一两，酒浸） 全蝎（炒） 僵蚕（炒）
桑螵蛸 羚羊角 阿胶（炒） 天麻 防风 甘菊花 蔓荆子 桂心 细辛 侧子（炮，去皮） 独活
（去芦，各半两） 犀角（半两） 麻黄（七钱半）
以上药物研为细末，混合均匀，再研磨，每次服用一钱，豆淋酒送下。
续命煮散 治疗风气留滞体内，心中昏愦，四肢无力，口眼歪斜抽动，或者时而抽搐，或者口渴或者自汗。
防风 独活 当归 人参 细辛 葛根 芍药 川芎 甘草 熟地黄 远志 荆芥 半夏（各五钱）
官桂（七钱半）
每次服用一两，加水两盏，生姜三片，煎煮至八分，去渣，通口服下。汗多者，加牡蛎粉一钱半。
细辛 石膏（研） 甘草（炙。各半两） 防风 藁本 旋复花 川芎 蔓荆子 独活（各一两）
以上药物研为细末，每次服用三钱，生姜三片，水一大盏，煎煮至七分，饭后服用。
运气学说中的“螈”有两种：
第一种是火。经文说：火郁发作时，百姓患病呕吐逆气、抽搐。又说：少阳之气所至，表现为暴注下迫。又说：少阳司天，客气胜则出现抽搐，就是这种情况。
第二种是水。经文说：阳明司天，燥气下行，木气上从，百姓患病胁痛目赤，震颤战栗。又说：岁土太过，雨湿流行，百姓患病足部痿软不收，行走时常有痉挛。又说：太阴之复，头顶沉重疼痛且震颤，痉挛尤为严重，就是这种情况。
〔《甲乙经》〕突然心中疼痛，抽搐，互相牵引，肘内侧疼痛，心中煎熬难受，间使穴主治。热病先发于手臂，身体发热抽搐，嘴唇口角聚拢，鼻孔张开，眼下出汗如转珠，两乳下二寸处坚硬，胁肋胀满，心悸，列缺穴主治。恶寒颤抖抽搐，手不能伸展，咳嗽吐浊痰，气膈善呕，尺泽穴主治。大风默默不语，不知疼痛，嗜睡易惊，抽搐，天井穴主治。头重鼻衄及抽搐，至阴穴主治。身体发热狂跑，胡言乱语见鬼，抽搐，身柱穴主治。
〔《千金方》〕腹部胀满抽搐，心痛，气满呼吸困难，巨阙穴主治。呕血时时痉挛，喜欢摇头，面色青，出汗不超过肩部，伤寒，温病，曲泽穴主治。
Muscles and sinews pulling each other and becoming tense are called "Chou" (spasm), commonly known as "Chu" (convulsion).
[Li Dongyuan] All conditions of heat causing mental confusion belong to Fire. When heat is excessive and wind combats it, merging into the meridians, since wind is active and restless, wind and fire mutually aggravate each other, thus generating mental confusion. The treatment method involves using agents that dispel wind and purge heat to subdue the fire-heat, after which mental confusion can be cured immediately. If moxibustion is wrongly applied, or diaphoretic agents are drunk, death will follow instantly.
The *Suwen* states: When the Heart pulse is extremely tense, "Chou" occurs. This is due to Heart Fire deficiency and cold; the treatment should prioritize Bu Xin Niu Huang San (Heart-Nourishing Calculus Bovis Powder). The *Ling Shu* states: When the Heart pulse is full and large, epilepsy and sinew spasm occur. This is due to Heart Fire excess and heat; the treatment should prioritize Xie Xin Huo Liang Jing Wan (Heart-Fire-Purging and Cool-Awakening Pill). When the Liver pulse is small and tense, it also indicates epilepsy and sinew spasm. This is due to Liver deficiency; Xu Duan Wan (Dipsacus Pill) should be used. If the Liver pulse is vigorous, the Spleen should be rescued first; Jia Jian Jian Zhong Tang (Modified Decoction to Establish the Middle) is appropriate. The *Suwen* states: When the Spleen pulse is extremely tense, "Chou" also occurs. This is due to Spleen deficiency with Liver Wood overacting upon it; therefore, agents that solidify Earth and purge Liver Wood are suitable. Excessive sweating without cessation indicates deficiency; absence of sweat with ability to eat indicates excess.
[Li Gao (Dongyuan)] Ren Shen Yi Qi Tang (Ginseng Qi-Nourishing Decoction) treats heat damaging Yuan Qi, resulting in fatigue of the four limbs, numbness of fingers, and frequent "Chou".
Huang Qi (Astragali Radix, 2 qian) Gan Cao (Licorice Root, honey-fried) Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, 5 fen each) Wu Wei Zi (Schisandrae Fructus, 30 grains) Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix, 6 fen) Sheng Gan Cao (Raw Licorice Root, 5 fen)
Ren Shen (Panax Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 1.2 qian) Zhi Gan Cao (Honey-fried Licorice Root, 5 fen) Bai Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 7 fen)
Crush the ingredients, take one dose, add two zhan of water, decoct until one zhan remains, remove dregs, and take hot.
Du Huo Tang (Angelicae Pubescentis Decoction) treats dizziness and deafness caused by wind-deficiency, loss of consciousness, convulsions of hands and feet, or alternating chills and fever. It is especially suitable for those with blood deficiency who cannot tolerate diaphoretic herbs, and for spontaneous sweating due to wind-stroke.
Du Huo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix) Qiang Huo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix) Ren Shen (Panax Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) Fu Shen (Poria with Hostwood) Yuan Zhi (Polygalae Radix) Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) Gui Xin (Cinnamomi Ramulus Core) Bai Wei (Cynanchi Atrati Radix) Chang Pu (Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma) Chuan Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma, 5 qian each)
Gan Cao (Licorice Root, 2.5 qian)
Take one liang per dose, add two zhan of water and five slices of fresh ginger, decoct until eight parts remain, and take warm after meals.
Wei Feng Tang (Stomach-Wind Decoction) treats deficiency-wind syndrome, where the patient can eat but feels numbness, has tight jaw, convulsions of hands and feet, twitching of eyelids, wind in the stomach, and facial swelling.
Bai Zhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, 1.2 qian) Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, 2 qian) Ge Gen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix, 1 qian) Cang Zhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma, 1 qian) Gan Cao (Licorice Root, 5 fen, fried) Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix) Ben Cao (Ligustici Wallichii Rhizoma et Radix) Qiang Huo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix)
Huang Bo (Phellodendri Cortex) Cao Dou Kou (Cardamomi Fructus, 5 fen each) Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, 0.5 qian, nodes not removed) Man Jing Zi (Viticis Fructus, 1 qian) Dang Gui Shen (Body of Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 1 qian)
Crush the ingredients, add two zhong of water, three slices of ginger, and two jujubes, decoct until one zhong remains, and take warm.
[Qian Jin Fang] Shu Yu Wan (Dioscorea Pill) treats insufficiency from chronic wasting diseases, various ailments caused by wind-qi, dizziness and vertigo, palpitations, mania, and epilepsy.
Shu Yu (Dioscoreae Rhizoma, 28 fen) Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 10 fen) Gui Xin (Cinnamomi Ramulus Core, 7 fen) Shen Qu (Massa Medicata Fermentata, stir-fried) Shu Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata, 10 fen each) Gan Cao (Licorice Root, 20 fen)
Ren Shen (Panax Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 10 fen) Xiong (Chuanxiong, 5 fen) Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix) Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogonis Radix) Xing Ren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, 6 fen each) Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix) Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix) Fu Ling (Poria, 5 fen each)
Lu Jiao Jiao (Colla Cornus Cervi, 7 fen) Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, 3 fen) Bai Lian (Tinosporae Rhizoma, 3 fen) Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, 6 fen) Da Zao (Jujubae Fructus, 100 pieces, made into paste) Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix, 6 fen) Da Dou Huang Juan (Sojae Semen Preparatum, 7 fen)
The above twenty-two ingredients are powdered, mixed with jujube paste and refined honey to form pills the size of a bullet. Take one pill with wine on an empty stomach, three times daily.
Xu Duan Wan (Dipsacus Pill) treats liver labor with deficiency-cold, hypochondriac pain and distension, blurred vision, poor appetite, and sinew contraction with convulsions.
Xu Duan (Dipsaci Radix, soaked in wine) Chuan Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, soaked in wine) Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, boiled in water, processed with ginger) Ju Hong (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, roasted, 1 liang each) Gui Xin (Cinnamomi Ramulus Core) Gan Cao (Licorice Root, honey-fried, 0.5 liang each)
Powder the above ingredients finely, mix with honey to form pills the size of tung tree seeds. Take 100 pills per dose with plain boiling water.
Niu Huang San (Calculus Bovis Powder) treats heart deficiency with wind invasion, sinew spasm and convulsions, mental confusion, and slurred speech.
Niu Huang (Calculus Bovis) Long Nao (Borneolum Syntheticum) Zhu Sha (Cinnabaris) She Xiang (Moschus, 1 qian each) Chan Tui (Cicadae Periostracum) Wu She Rou (Wagleri's Pit Viper Meat, 1 liang, soaked in wine) Quan Xie (Scorpio, stir-fried) Jiang Can (Bombyx Batryticatus, stir-fried)
Sang Piao Xiao (Ovi Mantisidis) Ling Yang Jiao (Saiga Tataricae Cornu) E Jiao (Colla Corii Asini, stir-fried) Tian Ma (Gastrodiae Rhizoma) Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) Gan Ju Hua (Chrysanthemi Indici Flos) Man Jing Zi (Viticis Fructus) Gui Xin (Cinnamomi Ramulus Core) Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) Ce Zi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, roasted, skin removed) Du Huo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix, de-gorged, 0.5 liang each) Xi Jiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu, 0.5 liang) Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, 7.5 qian)
Powder the above ingredients finely, mix evenly, and grind again. Take 1 qian per dose with Dou Lin Jiu (bean-leavened wine).
Xu Ming Zhu San (Life-Sustaining Decoction Powder) treats stagnation of wind-qi, mental confusion, weakness of the four limbs, deviation and twitching of mouth and eyes, intermittent convulsions, thirst, or spontaneous sweating.
Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) Du Huo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix) Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) Ren Shen (Panax Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) Ge Gen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix) Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix) Chuan Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) Gan Cao (Licorice Root) Shu Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata) Yuan Zhi (Polygalae Radix) Jing Jie (Schizonepetae Spica) Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, 5 qian each)
Guan Gui (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 7.5 qian)
Take one liang per dose, add two zhan of water and three slices of ginger, decoct until eight parts remain, remove dregs, and drink through. For excessive sweating, add Mu Li Fen (Concha Ostreae powder, 1.5 qian).
Du Huo San (Angelicae Pubescentis Powder) dispels wind and resolves phlegm.
Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum, ground) Gan Cao (Licorice Root, honey-fried, 0.5 liang each) Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) Ben Cao (Ligustici Wallichii Rhizoma et Radix) Xuan Fu Hua (Inulae Flos) Chuan Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) Man Jing Zi (Viticis Fructus) Du Huo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix, 1 liang each)
Powder the above ingredients. Take 3 qian per dose with three slices of ginger and one da zhan of water, decoct until seven parts remain, and take after meals.
There are two types of "Chou" according to Yun Qi (Six Qi) theory:
The first is Fire. The classics state: When Fire is depressed and erupts, people suffer from vomiting, regurgitation, and convulsions. It also states: Wherever Shao Yang arrives, it causes sudden diarrhea. It also states: When Shao Yang governs the year, if the guest qi prevails, convulsions occur.
The second is Water. The classics state: When Yang Ming governs the year, dry qi descends, and Wood qi follows upward, people suffer from hypochondriac pain, red eyes, trembling, and shivering. It also states: When Year Earth is excessive, rain and dampness prevail, people suffer from flaccidity of the legs and inability to walk, often experiencing spasms. It also states: In the recurrence of Tai Yin, there is heavy pain in the top of the head and tremors, with spasms being particularly severe.
[Jia Yi Jing) Sudden heart pain, convulsions, mutual traction, pain in the inner aspect of the elbow, burning sensation in the heart, are treated by Jian Shi (PC5). Heat disease starting in the arms, body heat, convulsions, puckered lips and mouth, flaring nostrils, sweat under eyes like turning pearls, hardness two cun below both breasts, chest fullness, palpitations, are treated by Lie Que (LU7). Shivering with convulsions, inability to extend hands, coughing with turbid sputum, qi obstruction with frequent vomiting, are treated by Chi Ze (LU5). Severe wind, muteness, unawareness of pain,嗜卧 (excessive sleepiness), easily startled, convulsions, are treated by Tian Jing (SI10). Heavy head, epistaxis, and convulsions, are treated by Zhi Yin (BL67). Body heat, running wildly, delirium, seeing ghosts, convulsions, are treated by Shen Zhu (GV12).
[Qian Jin Fang) Abdominal fullness with convulsions, heart pain, qi fullness preventing breathing, are treated by Ju Que (CV14). Vomiting blood, occasional spasms, frequent head shaking, blueish complexion, sweat not exceeding shoulders, cold damage, warm disease, are treated by Qu Ze (PC3).