治消渴。
生箭 （五钱） 大生地（一两） 生怀山药（一两） 净萸肉（五钱） 生猪胰子（三钱，切碎）
上五味，将前四味煎汤，送服猪胰子一半，至煎渣时，再送服余一半。若遇中、上二焦积有实热，脉象洪
实者，可先服白虎加人参汤数剂，将实热消去强半，再服此汤，亦能奏效。
消渴一证，古有上中下之分，谓其证皆起于中焦而极于上下。究之无论上消、中消、下消，约皆渴而多饮
多尿，其尿有甜味。是以《圣济总录》论消渴谓∶“渴而饮水多，小便中有脂，似麸而甘。”至谓其证起于中
焦，是诚有理，因中焦 病，而累及于脾也。盖 为脾之副脏，在中医书中，名为散膏，即扁鹊《难经》所谓
脾有散膏半斤也（ 尾衔接于脾门，其全体之动脉又自脾脉分支而来，故与脾有密切之关系）。有时 脏发酵，
多酿甜味，由水道下陷，其人小便遂含有糖质。迨至 病累及于脾，致脾气不能散精达肺（《内经》谓脾气散
精上达于肺）则津液少，不能通调水道（《内经》谓通调水道下归膀胱）则小便无节，是以渴而多饮多溲也。
尝阅报，有患消渴，延中医治疗，服药竟愈者。所用方中，以黄 为主药，为其能助脾气上升，还其散精达肺
之旧也。《金匮》有肾气丸，善治消渴。其方以干地黄（即生地黄）为主，取其能助肾中之真阴，上潮以润肺，
又能协同山萸肉以封固肾关也。又向因治消渴，曾拟有玉液汤，方中以生怀山药为主，屡试有效。近阅医报且
有单服山药以治消渴而愈者。以其能补脾固肾，以止小便频数，而所含之蛋白质，又能滋补 脏，使其散膏充
足，且又色白入肺，能润肺生水，即以止渴也。又俗传治消渴方，单服生猪胰子可愈。盖猪胰子即猪之 ，是
人之 病，而可补以物之
也。此亦犹鸡内金，诸家本草皆谓其能治消渴之理也。鸡内金与猪胰子，同为化食之物也。愚因集诸药，合为
一方，以治消渴，屡次见效。
治疗消渴病。
生黄芪（五钱） 大生地（一两） 生怀山药（一两） 净山茱萸肉（五钱） 生猪胰子（三钱，切碎）
以上五味药，将前四味煎煮取汤，送服一半的猪胰子；等到煎煮药渣时，再送服剩余的一半。如果遇到中焦、上焦积有实热，脉象洪大而有力的情况，可以先服用白虎加人参汤几剂，将实热消除大半后，再服用此方，也能取得疗效。
消渴这一证候，古代分为上消、中消、下消三类，认为其病证都起于中焦而发展到上下二焦。推究其理，无论上消、中消还是下消，大致都是口渴且多饮、多尿，尿液带有甜味。因此，《圣济总录》论述消渴时说：“口渴且饮水多，小便中有脂状物，像麸皮一样且味甘。”至于说病证起于中焦，这确实有道理，因为胰腺病变会累及脾脏。盖因胰腺是脾的副脏，在中医书中被称为“散膏”，即扁鹊《难经》所说的“脾有散膏半斤”（胰腺尾部连接于脾门，其整体的动脉又自脾脉分支而来，所以与脾有密切的关系）。有时胰腺发生发酵作用，产生甜味，通过水道下注，导致患者的小便中含有糖分。等到胰腺病变累及脾脏，致使脾气不能将精微物质散布并输送到肺（《内经》说脾气散布精微上达于肺），则津液减少；不能通调水道（《内经》说通调水道向下归于膀胱），则小便失去节制，因此出现口渴、多饮、多尿的症状。
我曾经阅读报纸，有患消渴病的，请中医治疗后服药痊愈的案例。所用的方剂中，以黄芪为主药，因为它能帮助脾气上升，恢复其散布精微上达于肺的功能。《金匮要略》中有肾气丸，善于治疗消渴。该方以干地黄（即生地黄）为主药，取其能辅助肾中的真阴，向上滋润以润肺，又能协同山茱萸肉来封固肾关。另外，过去我曾拟制玉液汤治疗消渴，方中以生怀山药为主药，多次试用均有效。最近阅读医报，还有单服山药治愈消渴的案例。因为山药能补脾固肾，从而止住小便频数，且其所含的蛋白质又能滋补胰腺，使其散膏充足，而且山药色白入肺，能润肺生水，以此来止渴。此外，民间流传治疗消渴的方子，单服生猪胰子即可痊愈。盖因猪胰子就是猪的胰腺，人的胰腺生病，可以用动物的胰腺来补充。这也如同鸡内金，各家本草书籍都说它能治疗消渴的道理一样。鸡内金和猪胰子，都是具有消化食物作用的药物。我因此汇集这些药物，合为一方，用来治疗消渴，屡次见效。
Treating Xiao Ke (Wasting and Thirsting Syndrome).
Raw Radix Astragali Preparata (Sheng Huangqi) (5 qian)
Raw Radix Rehmanniae (Da Shengdi) (1 liang)
Raw Rhizoma Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae (Sheng Huai Shanyao) (1 liang)
Cleaned Fructus Corni (Jing Yurou) (5 qian)
Raw Porcine Pancreas (Sheng Zhu Yizi) (3 qian, chopped)
Take the above five ingredients. Decoct the first four ingredients to prepare a decoction. Take half of the raw porcine pancreas with this decoction. When decocting the dregs, take the remaining half of the raw porcine pancreas. If there is accumulated excess heat in the Middle Jiao (Middle Burner) and Upper Jiao (Upper Burner), and the pulse is surging and solid, one may first administer Baihu Jia Renshen Tang (White Tiger Decoction plus Ginseng) for several doses to eliminate more than half of the excess heat, before administering this decoction, which will also be effective.
The syndrome of Xiao Ke (Wasting and Thirsting Syndrome) was traditionally divided into Upper, Middle, and Lower types, stating that the pathology originates in the Middle Jiao (Middle Burner) and extends to the Upper and Lower Jiao. Upon investigation, regardless of whether it is Upper, Middle, or Lower Xiao Ke, the symptoms generally include thirst with excessive drinking and urination, and the urine has a sweet taste. Therefore, *Shengji Zonglu* (General Records of Holy Relief) discusses Xiao Ke saying: "Thirsty with excessive water intake, urine contains lipid-like substances resembling bran and having a sweet taste." The assertion that the pathology originates in the Middle Jiao is indeed reasonable, because pancreatic disease affects the Spleen. The pancreas is considered an accessory organ of the Spleen; in Traditional Chinese Medicine texts, it is named "San Gao" (Scattered Paste), referring to Bian Que's *Nan Jing* (Classic of Difficult Issues) which states "the Spleen has half a jin of San Gao" (The tail of the pancreas connects to the splenic gate, and its main arterial supply branches from the splenic artery, thus having a close relationship with the Spleen). Sometimes, fermentation within the pancreas produces sweetness, which descends through the water passages, causing sugar to appear in the urine. When pancreatic disease affects the Spleen, leading to the Spleen Qi's inability to scatter essence to the Lung (*Nei Jing* states: "Spleen Qi scatters essence and ascends to the Lung"), body fluids decrease; and the inability to regulate the water passages (*Nei Jing* states: "regulating the water passages, they descend to the Bladder") results in uncontrolled urination, thereby causing thirst, excessive drinking, and polyuria.
I once read in newspapers about cases of Xiao Ke cured by Traditional Chinese Medicine treatment. In the prescribed formulas, Huangqi (Radix Astragali) was used as the principal herb because it can assist Spleen Qi in ascending, restoring its original function of scattering essence to the Lung. *Jin Gui Yao Lue* (Essential Prescriptions from the Golden Cabinet) contains Shenqi Wan (Kidney Qi Pill), which is good at treating Xiao Ke. This formula uses Gan Dihuang (Dried Rehmannia Root, i.e., Raw Rehmannia Root) as the principal ingredient, taking advantage of its ability to assist the True Yin in the Kidney to ascend and moisten the Lung, and to collaborate with Fructus Corni to secure the Kidney gate. Previously, I formulated Yuye Tang (Jade Fluid Decoction) to treat Xiao Ke, using Raw Rhizoma Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae as the principal ingredient, with repeated trials showing effectiveness. Recently, medical journals reported cases cured by taking only Rhizoma Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae. This is because it tonifies the Spleen and secures the Kidney, stopping frequent urination; its protein content nourishes the pancreas, ensuring sufficient "San Gao"; moreover, its white color enters the Lung, moistening the Lung and generating fluids to relieve thirst. Additionally, folk remedies for Xiao Ke suggest taking only raw porcine pancreas can cure the condition. Since porcine pancreas is the pancreas of the pig, human pancreatic disease can be treated by supplementing with animal pancreas. This is similar to the rationale found in various materia medica regarding Ji Nei Jin (Gallbladder Membrane of Chicken), which states it can treat Xiao Ke. Both Ji Nei Jin and porcine pancreas are substances that aid digestion. Therefore, I have combined these herbs into one formula to treat Xiao Ke, achieving repeated success.