（附∶清金二妙丹、清肺三妙丹、治肺病便方）
肺病之因，有内伤外感之殊。然无论内伤外感，大抵皆有发热之证，而后酿成肺病。诚以肺为娇脏，且
属金，最畏火刑故也。有如肺主皮毛，外感风邪，有时自皮毛袭入肺脏，阻塞气化，即暗生内热。而皮毛为
风邪所束，不能由皮毛排出炭气，则肺中不但生热，而且酿毒，肺病即由此起点。其初起之时，或时
时咳嗽，吐痰多有水泡，或周身多有疼处，舌有白苔，或时觉心中发热，其脉象恒浮而有力。可先用西药阿
斯匹林一瓦，白糖冲水送下，俾周身得汗；继用玄参、天花粉各五钱，金银花、川贝母各三钱，硼砂八分（
研细分两次送服），粉甘草细末三钱（分两次送服），煎汤服。再每日用阿斯匹林一瓦，分三次服，白糖水送
下，勿令出汗，此三次中或一次微有汗者亦佳。如此服数日，热不退者，可于汤药中加生石膏七八钱。若
不用石膏，或用汤药送服西药安知歇貌林半瓦亦可。
若此时不治，病浸加剧，吐痰色白而粘，或带腥臭，此时亦
可先用阿斯匹林汗之。然恐其身体虚弱，不堪发汗，宜用生怀山药一两或七八钱煮作茶汤，送服阿斯匹林
半瓦，俾服后微似有汗即可。仍用前汤药送服粉甘草细末、三七细末各一钱，煎渣时再送服二药如前。仍
兼用阿斯匹林三分之一瓦，白糖冲水送下，或生怀山药细末四五钱煮茶汤送下，日两次。其嗽不止者，可用山
药所煮茶汤送服川贝细末三钱。山药煮作茶汤，其味微酸，欲其适口可少调以白糖或柿霜皆可。若不欲
吃茶汤者，可用生山药片，将其分量加倍，煮取清汤，以代茶汤饮之。
若当此时不治，以后病又加剧，时时咳吐脓血，此肺病已至三期，非寻常药饵所能疗矣。必用中药极
贵重之品，若徐灵胎所谓用清凉之药以清其火，滋润之药以养其血，滑降之药以祛其痰，芳香之药以通其气，
更以珠黄之药解其毒，金石之药填其空，兼数法而行之，屡试必效。又邑中曾××，精医术，尝告愚曰∶
“治肺痈惟林屋山人《外科证治全生集》中犀黄丸最效，余用之数十年，治愈肺痈甚多。”后愚至奉天，
遇肺痈咳吐脓血服他药不愈者，俾于服汤药之外兼服犀黄丸，果如曾××所言，效验异常。清凉华盖饮后有
案，可参观。至所服汤药，宜用前方加牛蒡子、栝蒌仁各数钱以泻其脓，再送服三七细末二钱以止其血。至
于犀黄丸配制及服法，皆按原书，兹不赘。
有外感伏邪伏膈膜之下，久而入胃，其热上熏肺脏，以致成肺病者，其咳嗽吐痰始则稠粘，继则腥臭，
其舌苔或白而微黄，其心中燥热，头目昏眩，脉象滑实，多右胜于左。宜用生石膏一两，玄参、花粉、生怀
山药各六钱，知母、牛蒡子各三钱，煎汤，送服甘草、三七细末如前。再用阿斯匹林三分之一瓦，白糖水
送服，日两次。若其热不退，其大便不滑泻者，石膏可以加重。曾治奉天徐姓叟病肺，其脉弦长有力，迥异
寻常，每剂药中用生石膏四两，连服数剂，脉始柔和。由斯观之，药以胜病为准，其分量轻
重，不可预为限量也。若其脉虽有力而至数数者，可于前方中石膏改为两半，知母改为六钱，再加潞党参
四钱。盖脉数者其阴分必虚，石膏、知母诸药虽能退热，而滋阴仍所非长，辅之以参，是仿白虎加人参汤
之义，以滋其真阴不足（凉润之药得人参则能滋真阴），而脉之数者可变为和缓也。若已咳嗽吐脓血者，亦
宜于服汤药外兼服犀黄丸。
至于肺病由于内伤，亦非一致。有因脾胃伤损，饮食减少，土虚不能生金，致成肺病者。盖脾胃虚损
之人，多因肝木横恣，侮克脾土，致胃中饮食不化精液，转多化痰涎，溢于膈上，粘滞肺叶作咳嗽，久则
伤肺，此定理也。且饮食少则虚热易生，肝中所寄之相火，因肝木横恣，更挟虚热而刑肺，于斯上焦恒觉烦
热，吐痰始则粘滞，继则腥臭，胁下时或作疼，其脉弦而有力，或弦而兼数，重按不实。方用生怀山药一两，
玄参、沙参、生杭芍、柏子仁炒不去油各四钱，金银花二钱，煎汤，送服三七细末一钱，西药百布圣二瓦。
汤药煎渣时，亦如此送服。若至咳吐脓血，亦宜服此方，兼服犀黄丸。或因服犀黄丸，减去三七亦可。
至百布圣，则不可减去，以其大有助脾胃消化之力也。然亦不必与汤药同时服，每于饭后迟一句钟服之更佳。
有因肾阴亏损而致成肺病者。盖肾与肺为子母之脏，子虚必吸母之气化以自救，肺之气化即暗耗。且肾为
水脏，水虚不能镇火，火必妄动而刑金。其人日晚潮热，咳嗽，懒食，或干咳无痰，或吐痰腥臭，或兼喘促，
其脉细数无力。方用生山药一两，大熟地、甘枸杞、柏子仁各五钱，玄参、沙参各四钱，金银花、川贝各三钱，
煎汤送服甘草、三七细末如前。若咳吐脓血者，去熟地，加牛蒡子、蒌仁各三钱，亦宜兼服犀黄丸。若服
药后脉之数者不能渐缓，亦可兼服阿斯匹林，日两次，每次三分之一瓦。
盖阿斯匹林之性既善治肺结核，尤善退热，无论虚热实热，其脉
象数者服之，可使其至数渐缓。然实热服之，汗出则热退，故可服至一瓦。若虚热，不宜出汗，但可解肌，
服后或无汗，或微似有汗，方能退热，故一瓦必须分三次服。若其人多汗者，无论虚热实热，皆分毫不宜用。
若其人每日出汗者，无论其病因为内伤、外感、虚热、实热，皆宜于所服汤药中加生龙骨、生牡蛎、净山萸肉
各数钱。或研服好朱砂五分，亦可止汗，盖以汗为心液，朱砂能凉心血，故能止汗也。
有其人素患吐血衄血，阴血伤损，多生内热；或医者用药失宜，强止其血，俾血瘀经络亦久而生热，以
致成肺病者。其人必心中发闷发热，或有疼时，廉于饮食，咳嗽短气，吐痰腥臭，其脉弦硬，或弦而兼数。
方用生怀山药一两，玄参、天冬各五钱，当归、生杭芍、乳香、没药各三钱，远志、甘草、生桃仁
（桃仁无毒，宜带皮生用，因其皮红能活血也，然须明辨其果为桃仁，不可误用带皮杏仁）各二钱，煎汤，
送服三七细末钱半，煎渣时亦送服钱半。盖三七之性，不但善止血，且善
化瘀血也。若咳吐脓血者，亦宜于服汤药之外兼服犀黄丸。
或问∶桔梗能引诸药入肺，是以《金匮》治肺痈有桔梗汤。此论肺病诸方何以皆不用桔梗？答曰∶桔
梗原提气上行之药，病肺者多苦咳逆上气，恒与桔梗不相宜，故未敢加入方中。若其人
虽病肺而不咳逆上气者，亦不妨斟酌用之。
或问∶方书治肺痈，恒于其将成未成之际，用皂荚丸或葶苈大枣汤泻之，将肺中之恶浊泻去，而后易于调
治。二方出自《金匮》，想皆为治肺良方。此论中皆未言及，岂其方不可采用乎？答曰∶二方之药性近猛烈，
今之病肺者多虚弱，是以不敢轻用。且二方泻肺，治肺实作喘原是正治。至泻去恶浊痰涎，以防肺中腐烂，
原是兼治之证。其人果肺实作喘且不虚弱者，葶苈大枣汤愚曾用过数次，均能随手奏效。皂荚丸实未尝用，因
皂荚性热，与肺病之热者不宜也。至欲以泻浊防腐，似不必用此猛烈之品，若拙拟
方中之硼砂、三七及乳香、没药，皆化腐生新之妙品也。况硼砂善治痰厥，曾治痰厥半日不醒，用硼砂四钱，
水煮化灌下，吐出稠痰而愈。由斯知硼砂开痰泻肺之力，固不让皂荚、葶苈也。所可贵者，泻肺脏之实，即
以清肺金之热，润肺金之燥，解肺金之毒（清热润燥解毒皆硼砂所长）。人但知口中腐烂者漱以硼砂则愈（
冰硼散善治口疮），而不知其治肺中之腐烂亦犹治口中之腐烂也。且拙制有安肺宁嗽丸，
治肺郁痰火作嗽，肺结核作嗽，用之数年，屡建奇效，此丸药中实亦硼砂之功居多也。
或问∶古有单用甘草四两煎汤治肺痈者，今所用治肺病诸方中，其有甘草者皆为末送服，而不以之
入煎者何也？答曰∶甘草最善解毒泻热，然生用胜于熟用。因生用则其性平，且具有开通
之力，熟用则其性温，实多填补之力。故其解毒泻热之力，生胜于熟。夫炙之为熟，水煮之亦为熟，若
入汤剂是仍煎熟用矣，不若为末服之之为愈也。且即为末服，又须审辨，盖甘草轧细颇难，若轧之不细，
而用火炮焦再轧，则生变为熟矣。是以用甘草末者，又宜自监视轧之。再者，愚在奉时曾制有清金二妙丹，方
用粉甘草细末二两，远志细末一两，和匀，每服钱半，治肺病劳嗽甚有效验。肺有热者，可于每二妙丹一两
中加好朱砂细末二钱，名为清肺三妙丹。以治病肺结核咳嗽不止，亦极有效。然初
服三四次时，宜少加阿斯匹林，每次约加四分之一瓦，或五分之一瓦。若汗多，可无加也。
【治肺病便方】鲜白茅根去皮锉碎一大碗，用水两大碗煎两沸，候半点钟，视其茅根不沉水底，
再煎至微沸。候须臾茅根皆沉水底，去渣，徐徐当茶温饮之。
鲜小蓟根二两，锉细，煮两三沸，徐徐当茶温饮之，能愈肺病吐脓血者。
白莲藕一斤，切细丝，煮取浓汁一大碗，再用柿霜一两融化
其中，徐徐温饮之。以上寻常土物，用之皆能清减肺病。恒有单用一方，浃辰之间即能治愈肺病者。医方中
有将鲜茅根、鲜小蓟根、鲜藕共切碎煮汁饮之，名为三鲜饮，以治因热吐血者甚效，
而以治肺病亦有效。若再调以柿霜更佳。
拙拟宁嗽定喘饮，亦治肺病之妙品也，而肺病之咳而兼喘者服之尤宜。
北沙参细末，每日用豆腐浆送服二钱，上焦发热者送服三钱，善治肺病及肺劳喘嗽。
又∶西药有橄榄油，性善清肺，其味香美，病肺者可以之代香油，或滴七八滴于水中服之亦佳。
饮食宜淡泊，不可过食炮炙浓味及过咸之物，宜多食菜蔬若藕、鲜笋、白菜、莱菔、冬瓜，果品若西
瓜、梨、桑堪、苹果、荸荠、甘蔗皆宜。不宜桃、杏。忌烟酒及一切辛辣之物。又忌一切
变味，若糟鱼、松花蛋、卤虾油、酱豆腐、臭豆腐之类，亦不宜食。
肺病的原因，有内伤和外感的不同。然而无论内伤还是外感，大多都有发热的症状，随后才酿成肺病。这是因为肺是娇嫩的脏器，且五行属金，最畏惧火邪克制所致。比如肺主司皮毛，外感风邪时，有时从皮毛侵入肺脏，阻塞气机运行，从而暗中产生内热。而皮毛被风邪束缚，不能通过毛孔排出体内的废气（二氧化碳），那么肺中不仅生热，而且酝酿毒素，肺病便由此开始。在初起阶段，可能时时咳嗽，吐出的痰多含有水泡，或者周身多处疼痛，舌苔白，有时感觉心中发热，脉象通常浮而有力。可以先服用西药阿司匹林一瓦（约0.6克），用白糖水冲服送下，使周身出汗；接着使用玄参、天花粉各五钱（约15-18克），金银花、川贝母各三钱（约9-11克），硼砂八分（研成细粉分两次送服），粉甘草细末三钱（分两次送服），煎汤服用。再每天服用阿司匹林一瓦，分三次服用，用白糖水送下，不要让它出汗，这三次中有一次微微出汗也是好的。这样服药几天后，如果热不退，可以在汤药中加入生石膏七八钱（约23-27克）。如果不用石膏，或者用汤药送服西药安知歇貌林（Antifebrin，非那西丁）半瓦（约0.3克）也可以。
如果此时不治疗，病情逐渐加重，吐出的痰色白且粘稠，或带有腥臭味，此时也可以先用阿司匹林发汗。但是担心患者身体虚弱，不堪受发汗之治，宜用生怀山药一两（约30克）或七八钱煮成茶汤，送服阿司匹林半瓦，使得服药后微微似有汗出即可。仍然使用前方的汤药送服粉甘草细末、三七细末各一钱（约3克），煎药渣时再送服这两种药如前法。同时兼用阿司匹林三分之一瓦，用白糖水冲服送下，或者用生怀山药细末四五钱煮成茶汤送下，每天两次。如果咳嗽不止，可以用山药煮的茶汤送服川贝细末三钱。山药煮成的茶汤味道微酸，为了适口可以稍微加一点白糖或柿霜都可以。如果不想要喝茶汤，可以用生山药片，将其分量加倍，煮取清汤，代替茶汤饮用。
如果在当时不治疗，以后病情又加剧，时时咳吐脓血，这是肺病已经到了第三期，不是寻常药物所能治疗的了。必须使用中药中极其贵重的药材，像徐灵胎所说的用清凉的药物来清其火，滋润的药物来养其血，滑降的药物来祛其痰，芳香的药物来通其气，再用珠黄类的药物解其毒，金石类的药物填其空洞，兼用几种方法施行，多次尝试必定有效。另外，本县有一位曾某某，精通医术，曾经告诉我：“治疗肺痈只有林屋山人《外科证治全生集》中的犀黄丸最有效，我用了它几十年，治愈的肺痈很多。”后来我到奉天（今沈阳），遇到患肺痈咳吐脓血服用其他药物无效的，让他们在服用汤药之外兼服犀黄丸，果然像曾某某所说，疗效异常显著。清凉华盖饮后面有医案，可以参考。至于所服的汤药，宜用前方加上牛蒡子、瓜蒌仁各数钱以泻去脓液，再送服三七细末二钱（约6克）以止血。至于犀黄丸的配制及服用方法，都按照原书，这里不再赘述。
有因外感伏邪潜伏在膈膜之下，时间久了进入胃中，热气上熏肺脏，以致形成肺病的，其咳嗽吐痰起初稠粘，继则腥臭，舌苔或白而微黄，心中燥热，头目昏眩，脉象滑实，多右侧胜过左侧。宜用生石膏一两（约30克），玄参、花粉、生怀山药各六钱（约18克），知母、牛蒡子各三钱（约9克），煎汤，送服甘草、三七细末如前法。再用阿司匹林三分之一瓦，用白糖水送服，每天两次。如果热不退，大便没有滑泻的，石膏可以增加剂量。我曾治疗奉天一位徐姓老人的肺病，其脉弦长有力，迥异寻常，每剂药中使用生石膏四两（约120克），连续服用几剂，脉象才开始柔和。由此看来，用药以能战胜疾病为准，其分量轻重，不可预先设定限量。如果脉象虽然有力但至数快（脉搏跳动频率高），可以在前方中将石膏改为两半（约45克），知母改为六钱（约18克），再加潞党参四钱（约12克）。因为脉数者其阴分必然虚弱，石膏、知母等药虽然能退热，但在滋阴方面并非所长，辅以人参，是仿照白虎加人参汤的意义，以滋补其真阴不足（凉润的药物得到人参则能滋真阴），从而使脉数的情况变为和缓。如果已经咳嗽吐脓血的，也适宜在服用汤药之外兼服犀黄丸。
至于肺病由于内伤引起的，也不是一致的。有因脾胃损伤，饮食减少，土虚不能生金，导致形成肺病的。大概脾胃虚损的人，多因肝木横逆，克制脾土，导致胃中饮食不能化为精液，反而多生成痰涎，溢于膈上，粘滞肺叶引起咳嗽，久了则伤肺，这是常理。而且饮食少则虚热易生，肝中所寄的相火，因肝木横逆，更挟带虚热来刑克肺金，于是上焦常常觉得烦热，吐痰起初粘滞，继则腥臭，胁下时而作痛，脉象弦而有力，或弦而兼数，重按不实。方剂用生怀山药一两（约30克），玄参、沙参、生杭芍、柏子仁炒制不去油各四钱（约12克），金银花二钱（约6克），煎汤，送服三七细末一钱（约3克），西药百布圣（Peptone，蛋白胨）二瓦（约1.2克）。煎药渣时，也如此送服。如果到了咳吐脓血的地步，也适宜服用此方，兼服犀黄丸。或者因为服用犀黄丸，减去三七也可以。至于百布圣，则不可减去，因为它大有帮助脾胃消化的力量。然而也不必与汤药同时服用，每次在饭后迟一小时服用更佳。
有因肾阴亏损而导致形成肺病的。大概肾与肺为子母之脏，子虚必吸母的气化以自救，肺的气化即暗中消耗。且肾为水脏，水虚不能镇火，火必妄动而刑金。其人傍晚潮热，咳嗽，懒食，或干咳无痰，或吐痰腥臭，或兼喘促，脉象细数无力。方剂用生山药一两（约30克），大熟地、甘枸杞、柏子仁各五钱（约15克），玄参、沙参各四钱（约12克），金银花、川贝各三钱（约9克），煎汤送服甘草、三七细末如前法。如果咳吐脓血的，去掉熟地，加牛蒡子、瓜蒌仁各三钱（约9克），也适宜兼服犀黄丸。如果服药后脉数的情况不能渐渐缓和，也可以兼服阿司匹林，每天两次，每次三分之一瓦（约0.2克）。
大概阿司匹林的药性既善于治疗肺结核，尤其善于退热，无论是虚热还是实热，脉象数的患者服用它，可以使脉搏跳动频率渐渐缓和。然而实热服用它，出汗则热退，所以可以服用到一瓦（约0.6克）。如果是虚热，不宜出汗，只能解肌（解除肌表之邪），服药后或无汗，或微微似有汗，才能退热，所以一瓦必须分三次服用。如果此人容易出汗，无论虚热实热，都分毫不宜使用。如果此人每日出汗，无论其病因为内伤、外感、虚热、实热，都适宜在所服的汤药中加入生龙骨、生牡蛎、净山萸肉各数钱（约几克）。或者研服好朱砂五分（约1.5克），也可以止汗，因为汗为心之液，朱砂能凉心血，所以能止汗。
有这人素来患有吐血、衄血（鼻出血），阴血损伤，多生内热；或者医生用药失当，强行止血，使得血液瘀阻经络日久而生热，以致形成肺病的。这人必定心中发闷发热，或有疼痛的时候，厌恶饮食，咳嗽短气，吐痰腥臭，脉象弦硬，或弦而兼数。方剂用生怀山药一两（约30克），玄参、天冬各五钱（约15克），当归、生杭芍、乳香、没药各三钱（约9克），远志、甘草、生桃仁（桃仁无毒，宜带皮生用，因其皮红能活血也，但须明辨其果为桃仁，不可误用带皮杏仁）各二钱（约6克），煎汤，送服三七细末钱半（约4.5克），煎药渣时也送服钱半。大概三七的药性，不但善于止血，且善于化瘀血。如果咳吐脓血的，也适宜在服用汤药之外兼服犀黄丸。
有人问：桔梗能引导诸药入肺，所以《金匮要略》治疗肺痈有桔梗汤。这篇论述肺病的各方为什么都不用桔梗？回答说：桔梗原是提气上行的药物，患肺病的人多苦于咳逆上气，常常与桔梗不相适宜，所以不敢加入方中。如果这人虽患肺病但不咳逆上气的，也不妨斟酌使用。
有人问：方书中治疗肺痈，常在肺痈将成未成之际，用皂荚丸或葶苈大枣汤泻之，将肺中的恶浊泻去，而后易于调治。这两个方子出自《金匮要略》，想都是治疗肺的良方。这篇论述中都没有提及，难道这些方子不可采用吗？回答说：这两个方子的药性接近猛烈，现在的患肺病的人多虚弱，所以不敢轻用。而且这两个方子泻肺，治疗肺实作喘原本是正治。至于泻去恶浊痰涎，以防肺中腐烂，原本是兼治的症状。这人如果确实肺实作喘且不虚弱，葶苈大枣汤我曾经用过几次，都能随手奏效。皂荚丸实在未曾使用，因为皂荚性热，与肺病的热证不相适宜。至于想用泻浊防腐的方法，似乎不必用这种猛烈的药物，像我拟定的方子中的硼砂、三七以及乳香、没药，都是化腐生新的妙品。况且硼砂善于治疗痰厥，曾治疗痰厥半天不醒的患者，用硼砂四钱（约12克），水煮化开灌下，吐出稠痰而痊愈。由此可知硼砂开痰泻肺的力量，固然不亚于皂荚、葶苈。可贵的是，泻肺脏之实，即以清肺金之热，润肺金之燥，解肺金之毒（清热润燥解毒皆是硼砂的长处）。人们只知道口中腐烂者用硼砂漱口则愈（冰硼散善于治疗口疮），而不知道它治疗肺中的腐烂也像治疗口中的腐烂一样。况且我自制有安肺宁嗽丸，治疗肺郁痰火作嗽，肺结核作嗽，用了几年，屡建奇效，这个丸药中其实也是硼砂的功效居多。
有人问：古代有单用甘草四两煎汤治疗肺痈的，现在所用治疗肺病的各方中，有甘草的都是研末送服，而不把它放入煎剂的，为什么呢？回答说：甘草最善于解毒泻热，然而生用胜于熟用。因为生用则其性平，且具有开通之力，熟用则其性温，实则多填补之力。所以其解毒泻热的力量，生用胜于熟用。炙之为熟，水煮之也为熟，如果放入汤剂仍是煎熟使用了，不如研为末服用的好。而且即使是研为末服用，也必须审辨，因为甘草轧细很难，如果轧得不细，用火炮焦再轧，则生变为了熟。所以使用甘草末的，又宜自己监视轧制。再者，我在奉天时曾制作有清金二妙丹，方用粉甘草细末二两（约60克），远志细末一两（约30克），和匀，每次服用钱半（约4.5克），治疗肺病劳嗽非常有效。肺有热的，可以在每二妙丹一两（约30克）中加入好朱砂细末二钱（约6克），名为清肺三妙丹。用来治疗肺结核咳嗽不止，也非常有效。然而初服三四次时，宜少加阿司匹林，每次约加四分之一瓦（约0.15克），或五分之一瓦（约0.12克）。如果汗多，可以不加。
【治疗肺病的简便方剂】鲜白茅根去皮锉碎一大碗，用水两大碗煎两沸，等候半点钟，看它的茅根不沉水底，再煎至微沸。等候一会儿茅根都沉水底，去渣，慢慢当茶温饮。
鲜小蓟根二两（约60克），锉细，煮两三沸，慢慢当茶温饮，能治愈肺病吐脓血者。
白莲藕一斤（约500克），切细丝，煮取浓汁一大碗，再用柿霜一两（约30克）融化其中，慢慢温饮。以上寻常土物，使用都能清减肺病。常有单用一方，在一周之间就能治愈肺病的。医方中有将鲜茅根、鲜小蓟根、鲜藕共切碎煮汁饮用的，名为三鲜饮，用来治疗因热吐血非常有效，而用来治疗肺病也有效。如果再调以柿霜更佳。
我拟定的宁嗽定喘饮，也是治疗肺病的妙品，而肺病咳嗽兼喘的患者服用尤其适宜。
北沙参细末，每天用豆腐浆送服二钱（约6克），上焦发热的送服三钱（约9克），善于治疗肺病及肺劳喘嗽。
又：西药有橄榄油，药性善于清肺，其味香美，患肺病的人可以用它代替香油，或者滴七八滴于水中服用也很好。
饮食宜淡泊，不可过食炮炙浓味及过咸之物，宜多食菜蔬如藕、鲜笋、白菜、莱菔（萝卜）、冬瓜，果品如西瓜、梨、桑葚、苹果、荸荠、甘蔗皆适宜。不宜吃桃、杏。忌烟酒及一切辛辣之物。又忌一切变味食物，如糟鱼、松花蛋、卤虾油、酱豆腐、臭豆腐之类，也不宜食用。
(Attached: Qingjin Ermiao Dan, Qingfei Sanniao Dan, Simple Prescriptions for Treating Lung Diseases)
The causes of lung diseases differ between internal injury and external contraction. However, regardless of whether it is internal injury or external contraction, there are generally symptoms of fever before the lung disease develops. This is because the lung is a delicate organ and belongs to Metal in the Five Elements, most fearing the constraint of Fire. For instance, the lung governs the skin and hair. When external wind pathogens invade, they sometimes enter the lung from the skin and hair, obstructing Qi transformation, thereby secretly generating internal heat. Since the skin and hair are bound by wind pathogens and cannot expel carbon dioxide through pores, the lung not only generates heat but also brews toxins; thus, lung disease originates here. In the initial stage, there may be frequent coughing, expectoration of sputum containing many bubbles, or widespread body pain, white tongue coating, occasional feeling of heat in the heart, and a pulse that is typically floating and forceful. One can first take Aspirin (Aspirin) one wa (approx. 0.6g), dissolved in water with white sugar, to induce sweating throughout the body. Subsequently, use Xuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix) and Tian Hua Fen (Trichosanthis Radix) each five qian (approx. 15-18g), Jin Yin Hua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos) and Chuan Bei Mu (Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus) each three qian (approx. 9-11g), Peng Sha (Borax) eight fen (ground into fine powder, taken in two doses), and Fen Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparatum cum Melle) fine powder three qian (taken in two doses), decocted in water and taken as a drink. Then take Aspirin one wa daily, divided into three doses, taken with water and white sugar, without inducing sweating. It is beneficial if there is slight sweating in one of these three doses. After taking this for several days, if the fever does not subside, add Sheng Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum) seven to eight qian (approx. 23-27g) to the herbal decoction. If Shi Gao is not used, or Antifebrin (Antifebrinum, Phenacetinum) half wa (approx. 0.3g) is taken with the herbal decoction, it is also acceptable.
If untreated at this time, the condition gradually worsens, with white, sticky sputum or sputum with a fishy odor. At this point, Aspirin can still be used to induce sweating. However, fearing the patient's physical weakness cannot withstand diaphoresis, it is advisable to boil Sheng Huai Shan Yao (Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma) one liang (approx. 30g) or seven to eight qian into a tea-like liquid, taking Aspirin half wa with it, aiming for slight sweating after administration. Continue using the previous herbal decoction to take Fen Gan Cao fine powder and San Qi (Notoginseng Radix) fine powder, one qian (approx. 3g) each, administering these two medicines during the decoction of residues as before. Concurrently use Aspirin one-third wa, taken with water and white sugar, or take Sheng Huai Shan Yao fine powder four to five qian boiled into a tea-like liquid, twice daily. If coughing persists, take Chuan Bei fine powder three qian with the Shan Yao tea-like liquid. The Shan Yao tea has a slightly sour taste; to make it palatable, add a little white sugar or Shi Shuang (Diospyros Kaki Manna) as desired. If one prefers not to drink the tea-like liquid, use raw Shan Yao slices, doubling the dosage, boiling to extract clear soup, and drinking it instead of the tea.
If untreated then, the condition worsens further, with frequent expectoration of pus and blood, indicating the lung disease has reached the third stage, which ordinary medications cannot cure. It is necessary to use extremely precious Chinese medicinal materials, such as those described by Xu Lingtai: using cooling herbs to clear fire, moistening herbs to nourish blood, slippery-descending herbs to dispel phlegm, aromatic herbs to unblock Qi, pearl-and-cinnabar-type herbs to resolve toxicity, and mineral/herbal substances to fill cavities. Applying multiple methods simultaneously has proven effective repeatedly. Additionally, Mr. Zeng XX from my county, proficient in medicine, once told me: "For treating Lung Abscess (Fei Yong), only Xi Huang Wan (Calculus Bovis and Musk Pill) from Linwu Shanshan's *Waike Zhengzhi Quansheng Ji* is most effective. I have used it for decades, curing many cases." Later, in Fengtian (now Shenyang), I encountered patients with Lung Abscess expectorating pus and blood who failed to respond to other treatments. Having them take Xi Huang Wan alongside herbal decoctions yielded results exactly as Mr. Zeng stated, with exceptional efficacy. Refer to the case study following Qingliang Huagai Yin for reference. For the herbal decoction, add Niu Bang Zi (Arctii Fructus) and Gua Lou Ren (Trichosanthis Semen) several qian to drain pus, and take San Qi fine powder two qian (approx. 6g) to stop bleeding. Regarding the preparation and administration of Xi Huang Wan, refer to the original text; details are omitted here.
In cases where external latent pathogens lodge below the diaphragm, eventually entering the stomach, and their heat steams upward to the lung causing lung disease, the cough and sputum are initially thick and sticky, becoming fishy-smelling later. The tongue coating may be white with slight yellow, accompanied by dryness and heat in the chest, dizziness, and a slippery-solid pulse, often stronger on the right than the left. Use Sheng Shi Gao one liang (approx. 30g), Xuan Shen, Hua Fen, and Sheng Huai Shan Yao each six qian (approx. 18g), Zhi Mu and Niu Bang Zi each three qian (approx. 9g), decoct and take with Gan Cao and San Qi fine powders as before. Take Aspirin one-third wa with water and white sugar, twice daily. If fever persists and stool is not loose, increase the dose of Shi Gao. I once treated an elderly Mr. Xu in Fengtian with lung disease; his pulse was wiry, long, and forceful, distinct from usual. Each prescription contained four liang (approx. 120g) of Sheng Shi Gao. After several doses, the pulse became soft. This demonstrates that medication dosage should be determined by its ability to overcome the disease, not pre-limited. If the pulse is forceful yet rapid, change Shi Gao to one and a half liang (approx. 45g), Zhi Mu to six qian (approx. 18g), and add Lu Dang Shen (Codonopsis Radix) four qian (approx. 12g). A rapid pulse indicates deficiency of Yin; although Shi Gao and Zhi Mu clear heat, they are not strong in nourishing Yin. Adding Ginseng mimics the principle of Baihu Jia Renshen Tang (White Tiger Decoction plus Ginseng) to nourish true Yin (cooling and moistening herbs combined with Ginseng can nourish true Yin), transforming the rapid pulse to a moderate one. If expectorating pus and blood, also take Xi Huang Wan alongside the decoction.
Regarding lung diseases caused by internal injury, the patterns vary. Some result from spleen and stomach damage, reduced appetite, and Earth deficiency failing to generate Metal, leading to lung disease. Generally, people with spleen/stomach deficiency suffer from Liver Wood overacting on Spleen Earth, preventing food from transforming into essence, instead generating excessive phlegm-dampness overflowing above the diaphragm, sticking to lung lobes causing cough, eventually injuring the lung. Reduced diet leads to easy generation of deficient heat; the Ministerial Fire housed in the Liver, exacerbated by Liver Wood overaction, combines with deficient heat to attack Lung Metal, causing upper jiao irritation and heat. Sputum is initially sticky, then fishy-smelling; hypochondriac pain occurs intermittently. The pulse is wiry and forceful, or wiry and rapid, lacking substance upon heavy pressure. Use Sheng Huai Shan Yao one liang (approx. 30g), Xuan Shen, Sha Shen (Glehniae Radix), Sheng Hang Shao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), and Chao Bai Zi Ren (Biota Seed, fried, oil retained) each four qian (approx. 12g), Jin Yin Hua two qian (approx. 6g), decoct and take with San Qi fine powder one qian (approx. 3g) and Peptone (Baibusheng) two wa (approx. 1.2g). Administer these during decoction of residues. If expectorating pus and blood, use this formula and take Xi Huang Wan. If taking Xi Huang Wan, San Qi may be omitted. Baibusheng must not be omitted due to its digestive benefits. It is best taken one hour after meals rather than simultaneously with the decoction.
Some lung diseases result from Kidney Yin deficiency. Kidney and Lung are mother-child organs; Child deficiency draws Mother's Qi for self-rescue, secretly consuming Lung Qi. As Kidney is Water, Water deficiency fails to control Fire, causing Fire to move recklessly and attack Metal. Symptoms include evening tidal fever, cough, poor appetite, dry cough without sputum or fishy sputum, possibly panting. Pulse is thready, rapid, and weak. Use Sheng Shan Yao one liang (approx. 30g), Da Shu Di (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata), Gan Gou Qi (Lycii Fructus), Bai Zi Ren each five qian (approx. 15g), Xuan Shen, Sha Shen each four qian (approx. 12g), Jin Yin Hua, Chuan Bei each three qian (approx. 9g), decoct and take with Gan Cao and San Qi fine powders as before. If expectorating pus and blood, remove Shu Di, add Niu Bang Zi and Gua Lou Ren each three qian (approx. 9g), and take Xi Huang Wan. If the rapid pulse does not slow down after medication, take Aspirin twice daily, one-third wa each time.
Aspirin effectively treats pulmonary tuberculosis and reduces fever. Whether deficient or excess heat, if the pulse is rapid, Aspirin can gradually slow it. For excess heat, sweating reduces fever, so up to one wa can be taken. For deficient heat, sweating is contraindicated; it should only release the muscle layer. Slight or no sweating after intake reduces fever, so one wa must be divided into three doses. If the patient sweats easily, Aspirin is contraindicated regardless of heat type. If the patient sweats daily, regardless of cause (internal/external, deficient/excess heat), add Sheng Long Gu (Fossilia Ossis Mastodi), Sheng Mu Li (Concha Ostreae), and Jing Shan Yu Rou (Corni Fructus Purified) several qian to the decoction. Alternatively, take Hao Zhu Sha (Cinnabaris) fine powder five fen (approx. 1.5g) to stop sweating, as sweat is the fluid of the Heart, and Cinnabar cools Heart Blood.
Some patients with chronic hematemesis or epistaxis suffer Yin-blood damage and internal heat; or improper medical intervention forcibly stops bleeding, causing blood stasis in meridians that generates heat over time, leading to lung disease. Symptoms include chest stuffiness and heat, occasional pain, aversion to food, cough with shortness of breath, fishy sputum. Pulse is wiry and hard, or wiry and rapid. Use Sheng Huai Shan Yao one liang (approx. 30g), Xuan Shen, Tian Dong (Asparagi Radix) each five qian (approx. 15g), Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Sheng Hang Shao, Ru Xiang (Olibanum), Mo Yao (Myrrha) each three qian (approx. 9g), Yuan Zhi (Polygalae Radix), Gan Cao, Sheng Tao Ren (Persicae Semen, raw with skin, as skin promotes blood circulation; distinguish from Apricot Kernel) each two qian (approx. 6g), decoct and take with San Qi fine powder one and a half qian (approx. 4.5g), administered during decoction of residues. San Qi stops bleeding and resolves stasis. If expectorating pus and blood, also take Xi Huang Wan.
Q: Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix) guides herbs into the lungs, hence Jie Geng Tang in *Jinkui Yaolue* for Lung Abscess. Why are none of your lung formulas using Jie Geng?
A: Jie Geng ascends Qi. Lung disease patients often suffer from rebellious Qi and cough, making Jie Geng unsuitable. Thus, I dare not add it. If a lung disease patient does not have rebellious Qi, it may be considered.
Q: Formulas treat Lung Abscess with Zao Jiao Wan (Soap Pod Pill) or Ting Li Da Zao Tang (Descurainia Seed and Jujube Decoction) to purge turbid matter before treatment. These are excellent formulas from *Jinkui*. Why are they not mentioned?
A: Their properties are fierce. Modern lung patients are often weak, so I dare not use them lightly. Purging Lung excess wheezing is correct treatment, but purging turbid phlegm to prevent putrefaction is adjunctive. I have used Ting Li Da Zao Tang successfully for Lung excess wheezing in non-weak patients. I have never used Zao Jiao Wan because Zao Jiao is hot, unsuitable for lung heat. To purge turbidity and prevent putrefaction, fierce herbs are unnecessary. Borax, San Qi, Ru Xiang, and Mo Yao in my formulas are excellent for resolving putrefaction and generating new tissue. Borax treats Phlegm-Jue (syncope due to phlegm); I cured a half-day unconsciousness case by giving Boiled Borax, which expelled thick phlegm. Borax's power to open phlegm and purge Lung rivals Zao Jiao and Ting Li. Its value lies in clearing Lung Heat, moistening Dryness, and resolving Toxicity. People know Borax mouthwash cures oral ulcers (Bingpeng San), but not that it treats lung putrefaction similarly. My Anfei Ningsou Wan (Calming Lung and Stopping Cough Pill) uses Borax extensively, showing great efficacy for lung depression-phlegm-fire cough and TB cough.
Q: Ancient texts use four liang of Gan Cao decocted for Lung Abscess. Why do you use Gan Cao only as powder, not in decoctions?
A: Gan Cao detoxifies and clears heat; raw is better than processed. Raw is neutral and opening; processed (roasted/boiled) is warm and tonifying. Thus, raw is superior for detoxification. Processing makes it cooked; decocting also cooks it. Powder form is better. Also, grinding Gan Cao finely is difficult; if roasted before grinding, raw becomes cooked. Therefore, prepare the powder yourself. I once made Qingjin Ermiao Dan: Fen Gan Cao fine powder two liang (approx. 60g), Yuan Zhi fine powder one liang (approx. 30g), mixed. Take one and a half qian (approx. 4.5g) per dose; highly effective for consumptive cough. For Lung heat, add Hao Zhu Sha fine powder two qian (approx. 6g) per liang of Ermiao Dan, named Qingfei Sanniao Dan. Effective for persistent TB cough. Initially, add small amounts of Aspirin (1/4 or 1/5 wa) for the first few doses. Omit if sweating is profuse.
[Simple Prescriptions for Treating Lung Diseases]
Fresh Bai Mao Gen (Imperatae Rhizoma), peeled and chopped, one large bowl. Boil in two large bowls of water until boiling twice. Wait half an hour until roots float. Boil again until simmering. Wait until roots sink. Strain and drink warm as tea.
Fresh Xiao Ji Gen (Cirsii Root), two liang (approx. 60g), chopped fine. Boil two to three times. Drink warm as tea. Cures lung disease with pus/blood expectoration.
White Lotus Root (Ou) one jin (approx. 500g), sliced thin. Boil to extract thick juice, one large bowl. Dissolve Shi Shuang one liang (approx. 30g) in it. Drink warm slowly. These common items clear lung disease. Often, using one alone cures lung disease within a week. "San Xian Yin" (Three Fresh Drinks) mixes fresh Mao Gen, Xiao Ji Gen, and Ou, boiled and drunk. Effective for heat-induced hematemesis and lung disease. Adding Shi Shuang is better.
My Ning Sou Ding Chuan Yin (Stopping Cough and Panting Decoction) is also excellent for lung disease, especially for cough with panting.
Bei Sha Shen (Glehniae Radix) fine powder, take two qian (approx. 6g) daily with tofu milk. Three qian (approx. 9g) if upper jiao heat. Treats lung disease and consumptive panting.
Western Olive Oil (Oliva Oleum) clears lungs, tastes good. Can replace sesame oil for lung patients, or take seven to eight drops in water.
Diet should be bland. Avoid heavily processed, strong-flavored, or salty foods. Eat more vegetables like lotus root, fresh bamboo shoots, cabbage, radish, winter melon. Fruits like watermelon, pear, mulberry, apple, water chestnut, sugarcane are suitable. Avoid peach and apricot. Quit tobacco, alcohol, and all spicy foods. Avoid fermented/spoiled foods like pickled fish, century egg, brine shrimp paste, fermented bean curd, stinky tofu.