师曰：病有奔豚，有吐脓，有惊怖，有火邪，此四部病，皆从惊发得之
火邪者，桂枝去芍药加蜀漆牡蛎龙骨救逆汤主之。
心下悸者，半夏麻黄丸主之。
欬逆倚息不得卧，小青龙汤主之。青龙汤下已，多唾，口燥，寸脉沉，尺脉微，手足
厥逆，气从少腹上冲胸咽，手足痹，其面翕热如醉状，因复下流阴股，小便难，时复
冒者，与茯苓桂枝五味甘草汤，治其气冲。冲气即低，而反更欬，胸满者，用苓桂五
味甘草汤，去桂，加干姜、细辛，以治其欬满。欬满即止，而更复渴，冲气复发者，
以细辛、干姜为热药也，服之当遂渴。而渴反止者，为支饮也。支饮者，法当冒，冒
者必呕，呕者复内半夏以去其水，水去呕止，其人形肿者，加杏仁主之。其证应内麻
黄，以其人遂痹，故不内之；若逆而内之者，必厥。所以然者，以其人血虚，麻黄发
其阳故也。若面热如醉，此为胃热上冲熏其面，加大黄以利之。
寸口脉浮而迟，浮脉则热，迟脉则潜，热潜相抟，名曰沉。趺阳脉浮而数，浮脉即热
，数脉即止，热止相抟，名曰伏。沉伏相抟，名曰水。沉则络脉虚，伏则小便难，虚
难相抟，水走皮肤，即为水矣。
寸口脉弦而紧，弦则卫气不行，即恶寒，水不沾流，走于肠间。
问曰：病者苦水，面目身体四肢皆肿，小便不利，脉之不言水，反言胸中痛，气上冲
咽，状如炙肉，当微欬喘，审如师言，其脉何类？师曰：寸口脉沉而紧，沉则为水，
紧则为寒，沉紧相搏，结在关元。始时当微，年盛不觉，阳衰之后，荣卫相干，阳损
阴盛，结寒微动，肾气上冲，咽喉塞噎，□下急痛。医以为留饮而大下之，气击不去
，其病不除；后重吐之，胃家虚烦，咽燥欲饮水，小便不利，水谷不化，面目手足浮
肿。又与葶苈圆下水，当时如小差，食饮过度，肿复如前，胸□苦痛，象若奔豚，其
水扬溢，则浮欬喘逆。当先攻击冲气，令止，乃治欬，欬止其喘自差，先治新病，病
当在后。
黄汗之病，两胫自冷；假令发热，此属历节。食已汗出，又身常暮卧盗汗出者，此劳
气也。若汗出已，反发热者，久久其身必甲错，发热不止者，必生恶疮。若身重，汗
出已辄轻者久久必身□，□即胸中痛，又从腰以上，必汗出，下无汗，腰髋弛痛，如
有物在皮中状，剧者不能食，身疼重，烦躁，小便不利，此为黄汗，桂枝加黄耆汤主
之。
老师说：疾病中有奔豚（一种自觉有气从少腹上冲胸咽的病证），有吐脓血，有惊怖（惊恐恐惧），有火邪（因误用火法治疗导致的病证），这四种病，都是从惊吓引发而得的。
寒气厥逆（寒邪内盛导致四肢厥冷）的，用赤丸主治。
心中风（心经受风邪侵袭），表现为身体微微发热，不能起身，心中感觉饥饿，进食后即呕吐。
属于火邪致病的，用桂枝去芍药加蜀漆牡蛎龙骨救逆汤主治。
咳嗽气逆，倚靠呼吸，无法平卧的，用小青龙汤主治。服用小青龙汤后，如果患者多唾沫、口干燥，寸脉沉，尺脉微细，手足厥冷，气从少腹向上冲击胸咽，手足麻木，面部潮红像喝醉了一样，随后热气又向下流注到大腿内侧，小便困难，时常头晕目眩的，给予茯苓桂枝五味甘草汤，以治疗气上冲。气冲症状减轻后，反而再次出现咳嗽、胸满的，用苓桂五味甘草汤，去掉桂枝，加入干姜、细辛，以治疗咳嗽和胸满。咳嗽和胸满停止后，如果再次出现口渴，且气冲复发的，这是因为细辛、干姜是热性药，服用后应当导致口渴。但如果口渴反而停止了，这是因为有支饮（水饮停留于胸膈之间）。支饮的患者，按照常规应当出现头晕，头晕的人必定会呕吐，呕吐的人再加入半夏以去除水饮。水饮去除了，呕吐停止了，如果病人形体浮肿，加杏仁主治。这种证候本应加入麻黄，但因为病人已经出现手足麻木，所以不加入麻黄；如果违背这一原则强行加入麻黄，必然会导致四肢厥冷。之所以这样，是因为病人血虚，麻黄会发散阳气。如果面部发热像喝醉一样，这是胃热上冲熏蒸面部，加大黄以通利之。
寸口脉浮而迟，浮脉主热，迟脉主潜藏，热与潜相互搏结，称为“沉”。趺阳脉浮而数，浮脉即主热，数脉主止（此处指气血运行受阻或阴气内伏），热与止相互搏结，称为“伏”。沉与伏相互搏结，称为“水”病。脉沉则络脉空虚，脉伏则小便困难，空虚与困难相互搏结，水湿走窜于皮肤之间，就形成了水肿。
寸口脉弦而紧，弦脉则卫气运行不畅，就会恶寒，水液不循常道流动，走窜于肠间。
问：病人痛苦于水病，面目身体四肢都浮肿，小便不利，诊脉时不说水病，反而说胸中痛，气向上冲击咽喉，感觉像有烤肉堵在那里，应当伴有轻微咳嗽气喘，确实像老师所说，他的脉象是什么样的？老师说：寸口脉沉而紧，沉脉主水，紧脉主寒，沉紧相互搏结，结聚在关元穴部位。开始时病情轻微，年富力强时不觉察，阳气衰弱之后，营卫之气相互干扰，阳气受损阴气盛，结聚的寒邪微微发动，肾气上冲，咽喉堵塞噎塞，心下急痛。医生以为是留饮（水饮停留不去）而用峻下药攻下，气逆击打不止，病不能消除；后来再用重吐法，导致胃气虚弱烦闷，咽燥想喝水，小便不利，水谷不消化，面目手足浮肿。又用葶苈丸泻下水气，当时稍微好转，但饮食过度，浮肿又像以前一样，胸胁苦痛，症状像奔豚，水气扬溢，则出现浮肿、咳嗽、气喘、气逆。应当先攻击冲气，使其停止，然后治疗咳嗽，咳嗽停止气喘自然好转，先治新发的病，旧病当在后面处理。
黄汗病，两小腿自然发冷；假如发热，这属于历节病（关节疼痛游走不定）。饭后出汗，并且身体常在傍晚睡觉时盗汗的，这是劳气病。如果出汗后，反而发热的，时间久了身体必定会出现肌肤甲错（皮肤粗糙如鳞甲），发热不止的，必定生恶疮。如果身体沉重，出汗后随即轻快的，时间久了身体必定僵硬，僵硬则胸中痛，又从腰部以上必定出汗，腰部以下无汗，腰髋弛缓疼痛，好像有东西在皮中，严重的不能进食，身体疼痛沉重，烦躁，小便不利，这是黄汗病，用桂枝加黄芪汤主治。
The Master said: Among diseases, there are Bengtun (a condition characterized by the sensation of Qi rushing from the lower abdomen to the chest and throat), vomiting of pus and blood, Jingbu (fright and terror), and Huoxie (disease caused by erroneous fire therapy). These four categories of disease all arise from fright.
For Cold Qi Jueni (cold pathogen excess leading to cold limbs), Chidan (Red Pill) is the primary treatment.
When Xin Zhong Feng (Wind pathogen invading the Heart channel) occurs, it presents with a slight fever, inability to rise, a sensation of hunger in the heart region, and vomiting immediately after eating.
For cases attributed to Huoxie, Guizhi Qu Shaoyao Jia Shujimu Lulong Jiuni Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction without Paeonia, plus Fleeceflower Root, Oyster Shell, and Dragon Bone for Rescue against Reversal) is the primary treatment.
For palpitations below the heart, Banxia Mahuang Wan (Pinellia and Ephedra Pill) is the primary treatment.
For coughing and wheezing requiring leaning support for breathing, with inability to lie flat, Xiao Qinglong Tang (Minor Blue Dragon Decoction) is the primary treatment. After administering Xiao Qinglong Tang, if the patient has excessive salivation, dry mouth, a deep pulse at the Cun position, a faint pulse at the Chi position, cold hands and feet, Qi rushing from the lower abdomen up to the chest and throat, numbness in the extremities, a flushed face resembling drunkenness, followed by heat flowing down to the inner thighs, difficulty in urination, and occasional dizziness, Fur Ling Gui Zhi Wu Wei Gan Cao Tang (Poria, Cinnamon Twig, Schisandra, and Licorice Decoction) should be given to treat the Qi rush. Once the Qi rush subsides, but cough and chest fullness reappear, use Ling Gui Wu Wei Gan Cao Tang, remove Guizhi, add Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) and Xixin (Asarum), to treat the cough and fullness. When the cough and fullness cease, but thirst recurs and the Qi rush reappears, this is because Xixin and Ganjiang are hot herbs; taking them should naturally cause thirst. If the thirst instead ceases, this indicates Zhiyin (Fluid retention in the chest/diaphragm). Patients with Zhiyin typically experience dizziness; those who are dizzy must vomit. For those who vomit, add Banxia (Pinellia) to eliminate fluid. Once the fluid is eliminated and vomiting stops, if the patient’s body becomes swollen, add Renmi (Apricot Seed) as the primary treatment. This syndrome should normally include Mahuang (Ephedra), but because the patient already has numbness, Mahuang is not added; if contrary to this principle and Mahuang is added, it will certainly cause cold limbs. The reason is that the patient has Blood deficiency, and Mahuang disperses Yang Qi. If the face is hot like drunkenness, this is Stomach Heat rushing upward to flush the face; add Dahuang (Rhubarb) to promote drainage.
The Cun Kou (Radial artery at the wrist) pulse is floating and slow. A floating pulse indicates Heat; a slow pulse indicates submergence. Heat and submergence interacting is called "Chen" (Deep). The Fu Yang (Dorsalis pedis artery) pulse is floating and rapid. A floating pulse indicates Heat; a rapid pulse indicates stagnation/stopping. Heat and stagnation interacting is called "Fu" (Hidden). Deep and Hidden pulses interacting is called "Shui" (Water/Edema). A Deep pulse implies emptiness in the collateral vessels; a Hidden pulse implies difficulty in urination. Emptiness and difficulty interacting cause water to move into the skin, resulting in edema.
The Cun Kou pulse is wiry and tight. A wiry pulse means Wei Qi (Defensive Qi) does not circulate, leading to aversion to cold. Water fails to flow normally and moves into the intestines.
Question: A patient suffers from water disease, with swelling of the face, eyes, body, and limbs, and difficulty in urination. Pulse diagnosis does not indicate water disease, but rather chest pain, Qi rushing up to the throat, a sensation as if a piece of roasted meat is stuck there, accompanied by mild cough and wheezing. If this matches the Master's description, what kind of pulse would it be? The Master said: The Cun Kou pulse is deep and tight. Deep indicates water; tight indicates cold. Deep and tight interacting causes knotting at the Guan Yuan point. Initially, it is mild, and in youth, it is unnoticed. After Yang Qi declines, Ying and Wei (Nutritive and Defensive Qi) interfere with each other. Yang is damaged, Yin becomes excessive. The knotted cold moves slightly, Kidney Qi rushes upward, causing throat blockage and urgency/pain below the heart. Physicians mistook it for Liu Yin (retained fluid) and used harsh purgatives. The Qi strike did not cease, and the disease was not resolved; later, heavy emetics were used, causing stomach deficiency and vexation, dry throat desire for water, difficulty in urination, and undigested food/water. The face, eyes, and hands/feet became swollen. Then Tingli Wan (Descurainia Seed Pill) was used to drain water. At that time, there was slight improvement, but overeating caused swelling to return as before, with bitter pain in the chest/hypochondrium, resembling Bengtun. Water overflowing leads to floating edema, cough, wheezing, and counterflow qi. One must first attack the Qi rush to stop it, then treat the cough. Once the cough stops, the wheezing improves on its own. Treat the new disease first; the old disease follows later.
In Huanghan (Yellow Sweat) disease, the calves are naturally cold; if they are warm, it belongs to Lijie (Joint Bi). Sweating after eating, and often night sweats when lying down in the evening, indicates Laoqi (Consumptive Qi disorder). If sweating is followed by fever, the body will eventually develop Jiacuo (cracked, scaly skin); if fever persists, malignant sores will definitely arise. If the body feels heavy, and lightens after sweating, prolonged illness will lead to body stiffness. Stiffness causes chest pain. Sweating occurs above the waist, but not below. The loins and hips are flaccid and painful, feeling as if something is under the skin. In severe cases, inability to eat, body pain and heaviness, irritability, and difficulty in urination occur. This is Huanghan, treated primarily with Guizhi Jia Huangqi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction plus Astragalus).