麻黄 芍药 桂枝 细辛 甘草 干姜各三两 五味子 半夏各半升 石膏二两
右九味，以水一斗，先煮麻黄，去上沫，内诸药，煮取三升，强人服一升，羸者减之
，二、三服，小儿服四合。
【集解】
李□曰：心下有水，麻黄、桂枝发汗以泄水于外，半夏、干姜、细辛温中以散水于内
，芍药、五味子收逆气以平肝，甘草益脾土以制水，加石膏以去烦躁，兼能解肌出汗
也。
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咳而脉浮者，厚朴麻黄汤主之。脉沉者，泽漆汤主之。
【注】
咳，谓咳而不上气也。脉浮者，风寒病外也。主之厚朴麻黄汤者，以散外邪为主也。
脉沉者，痰饮病里也。主之泽漆汤，以逐内饮为主也。
【集解】
尤怡曰：此不详见证，而但以脉之浮沉为辨；而异其治。按：厚朴麻黄汤与小青龙加
石膏汤大同，则散邪蠲饮之力居多，而厚朴辛温亦能助表，小麦甘平，五味敛安正气
者也。泽漆汤以泽漆为主，而以白前、黄芩、半夏佐之，则下趋之力较猛，虽生姜、
桂枝之辛，亦祗为下气降逆之用而已，不能发表也。仲景之意，盖以咳皆肺邪，而脉
浮者，气多居表，故驱之使从外出为易；脉沉者气多居里，故驱之使从下出为易，亦
因势利导之法也。
厚朴五两 麻黄四两 石膏如鸡子大 杏仁半升 半夏半升 干姜二两 细辛二两
小麦一升 五味子半升
右九味，以水一斗二升，先煮小麦熟，去滓，内诸药，煮取三升，温服一升，日三服
。
麻黄、芍药、桂枝、细辛、甘草、干姜各三两；五味子、半夏各半升；石膏二两。
以上九味药，用水一斗，先煮麻黄，去掉水面上的浮沫，再加入其他药物，煎煮至取药液三升。体质强壮的人服用一升，体弱的人减量，分二到三次服用，小儿服用四合。
【集解】
李□说：心下有水饮停滞，用麻黄、桂枝发汗以将水饮从体表宣泄出去，用半夏、干姜、细辛温补中焦以消散体内的水饮，用芍药、五味子收敛上逆之气以平抑肝气，用甘草补益脾土以制约水饮，加入石膏以消除烦躁，同时也能解除肌表之邪并促使出汗。
@@@
咳嗽且脉象浮的，用厚朴麻黄汤主治。脉象沉的，用泽漆汤主治。
【注】
咳嗽，指的是咳嗽但没有气喘的症状。脉象浮，说明是风寒病邪在体表。使用厚朴麻黄汤主治，是因为以发散体表邪气为主要目的。脉象沉，说明是痰饮水湿病邪在体内。使用泽漆汤主治，是因为以驱逐体内水饮为主要目的。
【集解】
尤怡说：此处没有详细列举症状表现，而是仅凭脉象的浮与沉来辨别证候，从而采取不同的治疗方法。按：厚朴麻黄汤与小青龙加石膏汤大体相同，则发散邪气、祛除水饮的力量居多，而厚朴味辛性温也能助发表邪，小麦味甘性平，五味子能收敛安护正气。泽漆汤以泽漆为主药，辅以白前、黄芩、半夏，则向下趋降的力量较为猛烈，虽然生姜、桂枝性辛，也只是起到下气降逆的作用罢了，不能发散表邪。张仲景的本意，大概是认为咳嗽都是肺经受邪所致，而脉象浮的，气机多居于体表，所以驱除它使其从体外排出比较容易；脉象沉的，气机多居于体内，所以驱除它使其从下部排出比较容易，这也是顺应病势加以引导的方法。
厚朴五两、麻黄四两、石膏如鸡蛋大小、杏仁半升、半夏半升、干姜二两、细辛二两、小麦一升、五味子半升。
以上九味药，用水一斗二升，先煮小麦至熟，去掉药渣，再加入其他药物，煎煮至取药液三升，温服一升，每日服用三次。
Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄), Paeoniae Radix Alba (Shaoyao, 芍药), Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, 桂枝), Asari Radix (Xixin, 细辛), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang, 干姜) each three liang; Schisandrae Fructus (Wuweizi, 五味子), Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum (Banxia, 半夏) each half sheng; Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏) two liang.
The above nine herbs, with one dou of water, first decoct Mahuang, remove the foam on the surface, then add the remaining herbs, and decoct to obtain three sheng of liquid. For robust individuals, administer one sheng; for frail individuals, reduce the dosage. Administer in two or three doses. Children administer four ge.
[Collected Explanations]
Li □ stated: When there is fluid retention below the heart, Mahuang and Guizhi induce sweating to vent the fluid externally; Banxia, Ganjiang, and Xixin warm the middle jiao to dissipate internal fluid; Shaoyao and Wuweizi avert rebellious qi to calm the Liver; Gancao tonifies Spleen Earth to control fluid; adding Shigao eliminates irritability and also aids in releasing the muscle layer and inducing sweating.
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For cough with a floating pulse, Houpo Mahuang Tang (Magnolia Bark and Ephedra Decoction) is indicated. For a sinking pulse, Zeqi Tang (Phytolaccae Decoction) is indicated.
[Annotation]
"Cough" refers to coughing without wheezing or shortness of breath. A floating pulse indicates Wind-Cold pathogenic factors affecting the exterior. The indication for Houpo Mahuang Tang is primarily to disperse external pathogens. A sinking pulse indicates Phlegm-Fluid retention in the interior. The indication for Zeqi Tang is primarily to purge internal fluids.
[Collected Explanations]
You Yi stated: This section does not detail the clinical manifestations but distinguishes the syndrome solely by whether the pulse is floating or sinking, thereby employing different treatments. Note: Houpo Mahuang Tang is largely similar to Xiao Qinglong Jia Shigao Tang (Minor Green Dragon Decoction plus Gypsum), possessing strong powers to disperse pathogens and eliminate fluids. Houpo is acrid and warm, assisting in releasing the exterior; Xiaomai (Tritici Fructus) is sweet and neutral; Wuweizi astringes and stabilizes healthy Qi. Zeqi Tang uses Zeqi (Phytolaccae Rhizoma) as the principal herb, assisted by Baiqian (Polygalae Radix), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), and Banxia. Its downward-draining force is more potent. Although Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) and Guizhi are acrid, they serve only to descend Qi and counteract rebellion, lacking the ability to release the exterior. Zhang Zhongjing's intent was likely that coughs stem from Lung pathology. When the pulse is floating, Qi tends to reside in the exterior, making it easier to expel it outwardly; when the pulse is sinking, Qi tends to reside in the interior, making it easier to expel it downwardly. This is the method of facilitating the natural course of the disease.
Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, 厚朴) five liang, Mahuang four liang, Shigao equivalent to the size of a chicken egg, Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, 杏仁) half sheng, Banxia half sheng, Ganjiang two liang, Xixin two liang, Xiaomai (Tritici Fructus, 小麦) one sheng, Wuweizi half sheng.
The above nine herbs, with one dou and two sheng of water, first decoct Xiaomai until cooked, remove the dregs, then add the remaining herbs, and decoct to obtain three sheng of liquid. Take one sheng warm, three times daily.