麻黄六两 石膏半斤 生姜三两 大枣十五枚 甘草二两 半夏半斤
右六味，以水六升，先煮麻黄，去上沫，内诸药，煮取三升，分温三服。
【集解】
李□曰：脾运水谷，主为胃行津液，职卑如婢也。汤名越婢者，取发越脾气，通行津
液之义也。今治肺胀，则麻黄散表邪，石膏清内热，甘草、大枣养正缓邪，半夏、生
姜散逆下气也。
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上气喘而躁者，属肺胀，欲作风水，发汗则愈。
【注】
上气咳逆喘而躁急者，属肺胀也，乃风郁于外，水逆于中之候也。故曰：欲作风水，
当发其汗；故曰：发汗则愈也。
【集注】
徐彬曰：有邪者，尚可治也。若上气但喘而躁，则喘为风之扇，躁为风之烦，其逆上
之涎沫，将挟风势而为风水。今使先泄于肌表，水无风战，自然顺趋而从下，故曰：
可汗而愈。
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肺胀，咳而上气，烦躁而喘，脉浮者，心下有水，小青龙加石膏汤主之。
【注】
此承上条互详脉证，以明其治也。肺胀，咳而上气，烦躁而喘，脉浮，是外伤风寒，
内有水气，主以小青龙汤，发汗则愈。加石膏者，因多一烦躁证也。
【集注】
沈明宗曰：此互上条，肺胀治法也。风寒之邪，入于荣卫，挟饮上逆，则咳而上气也
。烦躁而喘，肺气壅逆，谓之肺胀，即肺痈未成之初也。
尤怡曰：此亦外邪内饮相搏之证，而兼烦躁，则挟有热邪，麻桂药中必用石膏，如大
青龙之例也。又此条见证与上条颇同，而心下寒饮，则非温药不能开而去之，故不用
越婢加半夏，而用小青龙加石膏，温寒并进，水热俱捐，于法尤为密矣。
麻黄六两，石膏半斤，生姜三两，大枣十五枚，甘草二两，半夏半斤。
以上六味药，用水六升，先煮麻黄，去掉水面上的浮沫，再加入其他药物，煎煮至取药液三升，分三次温服。
【集解】
李□说：脾运化水谷，主要替胃传输津液，地位卑微如同婢女一样。汤剂名为“越婢”，是取激发脾气、通行津液的含义。现在治疗肺胀（肺部胀满的病证），则是用麻黄疏散表邪，石膏清除内热，甘草和大枣扶助正气、缓和邪气，半夏和生姜散逆气、降肺气。
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呼吸急促且伴有烦躁不安的，属于肺胀，有发展为风水（一种以头面浮肿为主的水肿病）的趋势，通过发汗治疗即可痊愈。
【注】
呼吸急促、咳嗽气逆、喘息且烦躁急迫的，属于肺胀，这是风邪郁闭于体表，水饮逆乱于体内的征候。所以说：有发展为风水的趋势，应当采用发汗法；所以说：发汗后即可痊愈。
【集注】
徐彬说：如果有外邪存在，还可以治疗。如果仅仅是呼吸急促、喘息且烦躁，那么喘息是风邪煽动的结果，烦躁是风邪引起的烦扰，那些上逆的涎沫，将会挟带风势而演变为风水。现在让邪气先从肌表宣泄，水饮没有了风邪的抗争，自然会顺势趋向下方排出，所以说：可以通过发汗治愈。
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肺胀，咳嗽且呼吸急促，烦躁且喘息，脉象浮的，说明心下（胃脘部）有水饮，以小青龙加石膏汤主治。
【注】
此条承接上一条，互相详述脉象与症状，以阐明治疗方法。肺胀，咳嗽且呼吸急促，烦躁且喘息，脉象浮，这是外受风寒，内有水气的表现，主治用小青龙汤，发汗后即可痊愈。加入石膏的原因，是因为多了一个烦躁的症状。
【集注】
沈明宗说：此条与上一条互参，讲的是肺胀的治疗方法。风寒之邪侵入营卫，挟带饮邪上逆，就会导致咳嗽和呼吸急促。烦躁且喘息，是肺气壅滞逆乱，称为肺胀，也就是肺痈（肺部化脓性病变）尚未形成的初期阶段。
尤怡说：这也是外邪与内饮相互搏结的证候，而兼有烦躁，说明挟带有热邪，在麻黄、桂枝等药物中必须使用石膏，就像大青龙汤的用法一样。另外，本条见证与上一条颇为相似，但如果是心下的寒饮，则非温热药物不能开通并祛除，所以不用越婢加半夏汤，而用小青龙加石膏汤，温散寒邪与清泄热邪并进，水饮与热邪俱除，在治法上更为严密周全。
Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) six liang, Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏) half jin, Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang, 生姜) three liang, Jujubae Fructus (Dazao, 大枣) fifteen pieces, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) two liang, Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum (Banxia, 半夏) half jin.
The above six ingredients are decocted with six sheng of water. First, boil Ephedrae Herba, remove the foam on the surface, then add the remaining herbs, and decoct until three sheng of liquid remains. Divide into three doses and take warm.
[Ji Jie]
Li [Qian] stated: The Spleen transforms and transports food and fluids, primarily assisting the Stomach in distributing body fluids. Its status is humble, like a maid. The name "Yuebi" (Excavating the Maid) implies stimulating Spleen Qi and promoting the circulation of body fluids. In the treatment of Feizhang (Lung Distension), Ephedrae Herba disperses exterior pathogens, Gypsum Fibrosem clears internal heat, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Jujubae Fructus support healthy Qi and moderate pathogenic factors, while Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum and Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens disperse rebellious Qi and direct it downward.
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When there is rapid breathing accompanied by restlessness, it belongs to Feizhang (Lung Distension), indicating a tendency to develop Fengshui (Wind Water edema). Sweating therapy will lead to recovery.
[Zhu]
Rapid breathing, coughing, rebellious Qi, wheezing, and restlessness belong to Feizhang (Lung Distension). This is a condition where Wind pathogen is constrained externally and Fluid retention rebels internally. Therefore, it is said that if it tends to become Fengshui, sweating should be induced; thus, sweating leads to recovery.
[Ji Zhu]
Xu Bin stated: If there are external pathogens, it is still treatable. If there is merely rapid breathing, wheezing, and restlessness, the wheezing is fanned by Wind, and the restlessness is caused by Wind's agitation. The phlegm-fluids rising upward will carry the momentum of Wind and transform into Fengshui. By allowing the pathogens to vent through the muscle layer first, the fluid retention, no longer contested by Wind, will naturally flow downward. Thus, it is said that it can be cured by sweating.
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In cases of Feizhang (Lung Distension) with coughing, rebellious Qi, irritability, wheezing, and a floating pulse, indicating Fluid retention below the heart (epigastrium), Xiao Qinglong Tang plus Shigao (Minor Blue Green Dragon Decoction plus Gypsum) is the primary formula.
[Zhu]
This clause complements the previous one by detailing the pulse and symptoms to clarify the treatment. Feizhang (Lung Distension) with coughing, rebellious Qi, irritability, wheezing, and a floating pulse indicates an exterior contraction of Wind-Cold and interior Fluid retention. The primary treatment is Xiao Qinglong Tang (Minor Blue Green Dragon Decoction); inducing sweating leads to recovery. Shigao (Gypsum) is added because of the additional symptom of irritability.
[Ji Zhu]
Shen Mingzong stated: Cross-referencing with the previous clause, this explains the treatment for Feizhang (Lung Distension). When Wind-Cold pathogens enter the Ying and Wei levels and carry Phlegm-Fluids upward, causing coughing and rebellious Qi. Irritability and wheezing indicate Lung Qi congestion and rebellion, termed Feizhang (Lung Distension), which is the initial stage before the formation of Feiyong (Lung Abscess).
You Yi stated: This is also a syndrome of exterior pathogens clashing with interior fluid retention. The presence of irritability indicates the involvement of Heat pathogens. In formulas containing Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba) and Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig), Shigao (Gypsum) must be used, following the example of Da Qinglong Tang (Major Blue Green Dragon Decoction). Furthermore, although the manifestations here are similar to the previous clause, Cold Fluid retention below the heart cannot be resolved without warm herbs. Therefore, Yuebi Jia Banxia Tang (Yuebi Decoction plus Pinelliae Rhizoma) is not used; instead, Xiao Qinglong Tang plus Shigao is employed. This method combines warming to dispel cold and clearing to eliminate heat, addressing both fluid retention and heat, making the therapeutic approach more rigorous.