麻黄四两 杏仁五十个 甘草（炙）二两
右水七升，先煮麻黄，减二升，去上沫，内诸药煮取三升，去滓，温服一升，得汗止
服。
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问曰：黄汗之为病，身体肿，发热，汗出而渴，状如风水，汗沾衣，色正黄如蘖汁，
脉自沉，何从得之？师曰：以汗出入水中浴，水从汗孔入得之，宜黄耆芍药桂枝苦酒
汤主之。
【注】
此承黄汗互详其证，以明其治也。黄汗属湿，故身体肿；属风，故发热汗出而渴。状
如风水者，谓面目浮肿也。汗沾衣，色正黄如蘖汁，谓汗出粘黄也。脉自沉者，谓从
水得之也。究其得之之由，以汗出入冷水中浴，则凄怆之寒内入，遏郁汗液于肌腠，
从土蒸化而出，故色黄也。宜黄耆、桂枝解肌邪，以固卫气；白芍、苦酒止汗液，以
摄荣气，荣卫调和，其病已矣。
【集注】
程林曰：汗出则元府开，入水浴则凄怆之水寒，藏留于腠理皮肤之中，则身肿发热也
。汗出沾衣如柏汁，则津液内竭，是以汗出而渴也。身肿虽状如风水，但风水之脉不
沉，汗不黄，口不渴，为异耳！
李升玺曰：按汗出浴水，亦是偶举一端言之耳。大约黄汗由脾、胃湿久生热，积热成
黄，湿热交蒸而汗出矣。
魏荔彤曰：黄汗者，汗出之色黄而身不黄，与发黄之证不同也。
尤怡曰：黄汗之病，与风水相似。但风水脉浮，而黄汗脉沉；风水恶风，而黄汗不恶
风为异。其汗沾衣，色正黄如蘖汁，则黄汗之所独也。风水为风气外合水气，黄汗为
水气外合热气，热被水遏，互郁交蒸，汗液则黄。用黄耆、桂枝、芍药三味，行阳以
益阴，则荣气和而卫气周，盖欲使荣卫大行，而邪气毕达耳。
麻黄四两，杏仁五十个，甘草（炙）二两。
以上三味药，用水七升，先煮麻黄，水量减少二升，撇去水面上的浮沫，加入其余药物，煎取三升药液，滤去药渣，每次温服一升，服药后若出汗则停止服用。
问：黄汗病（以汗出色黄为主要特征的疾病）的症状是身体浮肿，发热，出汗且口渴，症状类似风水病（以头面浮肿、恶风为特征的病证），汗液沾湿衣物，颜色纯正如黄檗汁液，脉象自沉，这种病是如何得的呢？老师说：这是因为出汗时进入水中沐浴，水气从汗孔侵入而导致的，适宜用黄芪芍药桂枝苦酒汤主治。
【注释】
此处承接上文，详细辨析黄汗病的证候，以阐明其治疗方法。黄汗属于湿邪致病，所以身体浮肿；兼夹风邪，所以发热、出汗且口渴。所谓“状如风水”，是指面目浮肿。所谓“汗沾衣，色正黄如蘖汁”，是指汗出粘腻且呈黄色。所谓“脉自沉”，是指病因与水有关。究其发病原因，是因为出汗时进入冷水中沐浴，凄怆的寒气内入，遏制郁闭汗液于肌肤腠理之间，随着体内土气蒸化而出，所以颜色发黄。适宜用黄芪、桂枝解除肌表之邪，以巩固卫气（行于体表，防御外邪的气）；白芍、苦酒（醋）收敛止汗，以摄纳营气（行于脉中，营养全身的气），使营卫调和，病即可愈。
【集注】
程林说：出汗时玄府（汗孔）开放，进入水中沐浴感到凄怆的水寒之气，滞留于腠理皮肤之中，就会导致身体浮肿和发热。汗出沾湿衣物像柏树汁液一样，说明津液在内枯竭，因此出汗且口渴。身体浮肿虽然看起来像风水病，但风水病的脉象不沉，汗不黄，口不渴，这是不同之处！
李升玺说：按照我的理解，出汗后洗澡水，也只是偶然列举一种情况而言。大抵黄汗是由于脾、胃湿气久留生热，积热而成黄色，湿热交蒸导致出汗。
魏荔彤说：黄汗病，是汗出的颜色黄而身体不黄，与发黄（黄疸类）的病证不同。
尤怡说：黄汗病，与风水病相似。但风水病脉象浮，而黄汗病脉象沉；风水病怕风，而黄汗病不怕风，这是不同之处。其汗液沾湿衣物，颜色纯正如黄檗汁液，则是黄汗病独有的特征。风水病是风气外合水气，黄汗病是水气外合热气，热被水遏制，互相郁结交蒸，汗液因此变黄。使用黄芪、桂枝、芍药三味药，通行阳气以益阴，则营气和顺而卫气周流，大概是想要使营卫之气大力运行，从而使邪气完全排出体外。
Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) four liang, Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xingren, 杏仁) fifty seeds, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle (Zhi Gancao, 炙甘草) two liang.
Take the above three herbs, add seven sheng of water, first decoct Ephedrae Herba until the volume decreases by two sheng, remove the foam on the surface, then add the remaining herbs and decoct to obtain three sheng of liquid. Strain off the dregs, take one sheng warm. If sweating occurs after administration, stop taking it.
Question: Regarding Huanghan disease (a disease characterized by yellow sweat), the symptoms include body swelling, fever, sweating with thirst, resembling Fengshui disease (a syndrome characterized by edema of the head and face and aversion to wind). The sweat stains clothes and is purely yellow like the juice of Phellodendri Cortex (Nuozhi). The pulse is naturally deep. How is this disease contracted? The Master said: It is contracted because one bathes in water while sweating, allowing water qi to enter through the sweat pores. It should be primarily treated with Huangqi Shaoyao Guizhi Kujiu Tang.
[Annotation]
This section follows up on the discussion of Huanghan to detail its manifestations and clarify its treatment. Huanghan belongs to Dampness pathology, hence the body swelling; it involves Wind pathology, hence the fever, sweating, and thirst. "Resembling Fengshui" refers to the edema of the face and eyes. "Sweat staining clothes, color purely yellow like Nuozhi" refers to sticky yellow sweat. "Pulse naturally deep" indicates the etiology is related to Water. Investigating the cause, bathing in cold water while sweating causes chilling cold to enter internally, obstructing and stagnating sweat fluid within the muscle-cou li (interstitial spaces). As it is steamed out by the transformation of Earth qi, it becomes yellow. It is appropriate to use Huangqi and Guizhi to resolve exterior pathogens and consolidate Wei Qi (defensive qi); Baishao and Kujiu (vinegar) to stop sweating and secure Ying Qi (nutritive qi). When Ying and Wei are harmonized, the disease will be resolved.
[Collected Notes]
Cheng Lin stated: When sweating, the Yuan Fu (sweat pores) open. Bathing in water brings chilling cold, which remains trapped within the cou li and skin, leading to body swelling and fever. Sweat staining clothes like cypress sap indicates that body fluids are depleted internally, resulting in thirst despite sweating. Although body swelling resembles Fengshui disease, Fengshui presents with a non-deep pulse, non-yellow sweat, and no thirst, which distinguishes it.
Li Shengxi stated: According to my understanding, bathing in water while sweating is merely cited as one occasional example. Generally, Huanghan arises from long-standing Dampness in the Spleen and Stomach generating Heat. Accumulated Heat turns yellow, and the steaming interaction of Damp-Heat leads to sweating.
Wei Litong stated: In Huanghan disease, the sweat is yellow but the body is not yellow, which differs from Fa Huang (jaundice-like syndromes).
You Yi stated: Huanghan disease is similar to Fengshui disease. However, Fengshui presents with a floating pulse, whereas Huanghan presents with a deep pulse; Fengshui involves aversion to wind, whereas Huanghan does not. The feature of sweat staining clothes with a color purely like Nuozhi is unique to Huanghan. Fengshui is caused by Wind combining externally with Water Qi; Huanghan is caused by Water Qi combining externally with Heat Qi. Heat is constrained by Water, leading to mutual stagnation and steaming, causing the sweat to turn yellow. Using Huangqi, Guizhi, and Baishao facilitates Yang to benefit Yin, harmonizing Ying Qi and ensuring the circulation of Wei Qi. The intention is to vigorously promote the movement of Ying and Wei so that pathogenic factors may be completely expelled.