《养生要集》云∶《中经》曰∶人语笑欲令少,不欲令声高,声高由于论义理,辨是非
相嘲调说秽慢,每至此会,当虚心下气与人不竞。若过语过笑,损肺伤肾,精神不定。
《千金方》云∶冬日正可语,不可言。(自言曰言,答人曰语。有人来问,不可答,不
可发也。)
又云∶冬日触冷行,勿大语言开口。
又云∶语作含钟声。
又云∶行不得语,欲语须作立乃语。(行语令人失气。)
又云∶纵读诵言语,常想声在气海中。(脐下也。)
又云∶旦起欲得专言善事,不欲先计钱财。
又云∶旦下床勿叱吐呼,勿恶言。
又云∶旦勿嗟叹。
又云∶凡清旦恒言善事,闻恶事即向所来方三唾之,吉。
又云∶日初入后勿言语读诵,必有读诵,宁待平旦。
又云∶寝不得语。(言五脏如钟磬,不悬不可出声。)
又云∶夜梦不可说之,旦以水向东方 之,咒曰∶恶梦着!草木好梦成宝玉,即无咎。
又云∶梦之善恶,勿说之。
《养生志》云∶旦起勿言奈何,亦勿歌啸,名曰请福吉。
又云∶眠讫,勿大语,损气少气力。
又云∶眠时不得歌咏,歌咏不详事起。
《枕中方》云∶夫学道者,每事欲密,勿泄一言,一言辄减一算,一算三日也。
《太素经》云∶歧伯曰∶衣服旦欲适寒温,寒无凄凄,暑无出汁。
《养生要集》云∶青牛道士曰∶春天天气虽阳暖,勿薄衣也。常令身辄辄微汗乃快耳。
《千金方》云∶衣服器械,勿用珠玉金宝增长过失。
又云∶春天不可薄衣,令人得伤寒霍乱,不消食,头痛。
又云∶春冰未泮,衣欲下浓上薄,养阳收阴,继世长生。
又云∶湿衣及汗衣皆不可久着,令人发疮及风瘙。大汗能易衣佳,不易者,急粉身,不
尔令人小便不利。
又云∶旦起衣有光者,当户三振之,咒云∶殃去,殃去,吉。
《养生志》云∶旦起着衣,反者更正,着,吉。
又云∶旦起衣带抱人,或结三振云∶殃去,殃去吉。
又云∶高枕远唾损寿。
《本草食禁杂法》云∶勿向北冠带,大凶。
《养生要集》记载:《中经》说:人说话和笑应当适度,不要声音过高。声音过高往往是因为争辩义理、辨别是非时相互嘲笑调侃,说出污秽轻慢的话。每当遇到这种情况,应当虚心平气,不与人争竞。如果说话过多、笑声过大,会损伤肺脏和肾脏,导致精神不安定。
《千金方》说:冬天正适合说话(注:此处原文可能有误或特指某种语境,通常养生主张少言,但依原文直译),不适合大声言语。(自己独自说是“言”,回答别人是“语”。有人来问话,不应回答,也不应开口。)
又说:冬天在寒冷中行走时,不要大声说话或张口。
又说:说话的声音要像含着的钟声一样沉稳。
又说:走路时不要说话,想要说话必须站定了再说。(边走边说话会让人耗损元气。)
又说:即使是在诵读练习语言,也要常想着声音沉入气海(即脐下部位)。
又说:早晨起床后,应当专门谈论善事,不要先算计钱财。
又说:早晨下床时,不要叱责呕吐物或呼喊,不要说恶毒的话。
又说:早晨不要叹息。
又说:凡是清晨都要常说善事,听到坏事就向事情来的方向吐三口唾沫,这样吉利。
又说:太阳刚出来之后不要说话或诵读,如果有诵读需求,宁可等到天亮时分。
又说:睡觉时不能说话。(因为五脏如同钟磬,如果不悬挂起来是不能发出声音的,意指睡眠时脏腑需静养。)
又说:晚上的梦不可对人诉说,早晨用水向东洒去,并念咒语:“恶梦附着!草木好梦变成宝玉”,这样就无灾祸。
又说:梦的善恶,都不要说出来。
《养生志》说:早晨起床不要说“怎么办”这类丧气话,也不要唱歌长啸,这叫做祈求福气吉祥。
又说:睡醒后,不要大声说话,否则会耗损气力。
又说:睡觉时不能唱歌咏叹,否则会引起不祥之事。
《枕中方》说:修道的人,每件事都要保密,不要泄露一句话,一旦泄露一句话就会减少一算(寿命单位),一算相当于三天寿命。
《太素经》说:岐伯说:早晨穿衣服要适宜寒暖,冷时不要瑟瑟发抖,热时不要大汗淋漓。
《养生要集》记载:青牛道士说:春天天气虽然温暖,但不要穿得太单薄。常常让身体微微出汗才舒适。
《千金方》说:衣服和器具,不要用珠玉金宝装饰,以免增长过失。
又说:春天不要穿得太薄,否则会导致人患上伤寒、霍乱,消化不良,头痛。
又说:春冰未融化时,穿衣要下厚上薄,以养护阳气、收敛阴气,从而延续生命、长生不老。
又说:湿衣服和汗衣服都不可以长时间穿着,否则会导致生疮和风疹瘙痒。出大汗后换衣服最好,如果不能换,急忙在身上扑粉,不然会导致小便不利。
又说:早晨起床衣服有光泽的,对着门抖三下,念咒语:“灾殃离去,灾殃离去,吉利。”
《养生志》说:早晨起床穿衣,反穿的要纠正过来,穿好了,吉利。
又说:早晨起床衣带抱身,或者打结后抖三下,说:“灾殃离去,灾殃离去,吉利。”
又说:枕头太高、吐痰太远会损害寿命。
《本草食禁杂法》说:不要面向北方戴帽系带,这是大凶之兆。
*Yangsheng Yaoji* records: *Zhongjing* states that one should speak and laugh moderately, avoiding raising one's voice. A raised voice often stems from arguing principles, distinguishing right from wrong, and engaging in mutual mockery or speaking vulgar and disrespectful words. Whenever encountering such situations, one should maintain a humble mind and calm qi, refraining from contention with others. Excessive speech and laughter damage the Lung (Zang organ governing respiration) and Kidney (Zang organ storing essence), leading to mental instability.
*Qianjin Fang* states that winter is suitable for speaking but not for loud talking. (Self-talk is termed "yan," while answering others is termed "yu." When asked by someone, one should not answer nor open the mouth.)
It further states that when walking in the cold during winter, one should not speak loudly or open the mouth wide.
It also states that speech should be like a contained bell sound—steady and resonant.
It adds that one should not talk while walking; if one wishes to speak, one must stand still first. (Talking while walking causes loss of vital qi.)
It further advises that even when reciting or practicing speech, one should constantly visualize the sound sinking into the Qihai (Sea of Qi, located below the navel).
It states that upon rising in the morning, one should focus on discussing virtuous matters rather than calculating wealth.
It advises that upon getting out of bed in the morning, one should not scold vomit or call out, nor use foul language.
It states that one should not sigh in the morning.
It further states that whenever speaking in the early morning, one should always speak of good things; upon hearing bad news, one should spit three times towards the direction the news came from, which brings good fortune.
It states that after sunrise, one should not speak or recite. If recitation is necessary, it is better to wait until dawn.
It states that one must not speak while sleeping. (The five Zang organs are like bells; without being hung, they cannot produce sound, implying that internal organs require stillness during sleep.)
It advises that dreams at night should not be told to others. In the morning, sprinkle water towards the east and chant the mantra: "Evil dreams attach! Good dreams of grass and trees become precious jade," thus avoiding misfortune.
It states that neither good nor bad dreams should be spoken of.
*Yangsheng Zhi* states that one should not say "what shall I do" upon rising in the morning, nor sing or howl; this is called inviting blessings and auspiciousness.
It further states that after waking from sleep, one should not speak loudly, as this damages qi and reduces physical strength.
It states that one should not sing or chant while sleeping, as this may give rise to inauspicious events.
*Zhenzhong Fang* states that those who study the Dao should keep everything secret and not leak a single word. Leaking one word reduces one's "suan" (a unit of lifespan calculation), where one suan equals three days of life.
*Taisu Jing* records that Qibo stated: Clothing in the morning should be appropriate for the temperature; avoid shivering from cold and avoid sweating profusely from heat.
*Yangsheng Yaoji* records that the Green Ox Doctor said: Although the weather is warm in spring, one should not wear thin clothes. One should always allow the body to sweat slightly for comfort.
*Qianjin Fang* states that clothing and utensils should not be adorned with pearls, jade, gold, or jewels, as this increases faults.
It further states that one should not wear thin clothes in spring, as this leads to Cold Damage (Shanghan), Huoluan (cholera-like syndrome), indigestion, and headache.
It states that when spring ice has not yet melted, clothing should be thick at the bottom and thin at the top to nourish Yang and conserve Yin, thereby extending life and promoting longevity.
It states that wet or sweaty clothes should not be worn for long periods, as this causes sores and wind-induced itching. After profuse sweating, changing clothes is best; if not possible, one should urgently apply powder to the body, otherwise, it leads to difficulty in urination.
It states that if morning clothes have a luster, shake them three times facing the door and chant: "Misfortune depart, misfortune depart, auspicious."
*Yangsheng Zhi* states that upon rising in the morning to dress, correct any reversed garments; once dressed properly, it is auspicious.
It further states that upon rising in the morning, if the belt is tied around the body or knotted, shake it three times and say: "Misfortune depart, misfortune depart, auspicious."
It states that using high pillows and spitting from a distance shortens lifespan.
*Bencao Shi Jin Za Fa* states that one should not face north when putting on a hat or tying a sash, as this is highly inauspicious.