柴胡 前胡 乌梅 胡黄连(各三钱) 猪胆(一枚) 猪髓(一条) 韭白(五分) 童
便(
二盏)
风劳骨蒸,久而不痊,咳嗽吐血,盗汗遗精,脉来弦数者,此方主之。
此治因风成劳者也。盖风者百病之长,乃天之阳气也,主疏泄万物,故在表则令人出汗,
在肺则令人咳嗽,在肝则令人吐血,在肾则令人遗精,附骨则令人蒸热盗汗。是论也,《灵
枢》函其妙,自汉、唐以至宋、元诸医,皆未竟其说,无惑乎治劳瘵者之难其人也。柴胡解
不表不里之风,胡连清入肌附骨之热,前胡主脾肺表里之邪。褚澄氏曰∶酸能入骨,则乌梅
之用,亦可以收敛骨蒸。猪胆所以养阴,猪髓所以养骨,童便所以济火。韭白辛热。少用之
以使向导。经曰∶甚者从之。此之谓也。
秦艽 知母 当归(各半两) 鳖甲(一两) 乌梅(一枚) 青蒿(五叶) 柴胡 地
骨皮(
各一两)
风劳骨蒸壮热,肌肉消瘦,此方主之。
风,阳气也。故在表则表热,在里则里热,附骨则骨蒸壮热,久蒸则肌肉消瘦。无风不
作骨蒸,此昆之立言也。罗谦甫氏之主此方,盖有神契者矣。柴胡、秦艽,风药也,能驱肌
骨之风。骨皮、知母,寒品也,能疗肌骨之热。鳖,阴类也。甲,骨属也。骨以及骨,则能
为诸药之向导。阴以养阴,则能退阴分之骨蒸。乌梅味酸,能引诸药入骨而收其热。青蒿苦
辛,能从诸药入肌而解其蒸。复有当归,一以养血,一以导诸药入血而除热于阴尔。
柴胡、前胡、乌梅、胡黄连(各三钱),猪胆(一枚),猪髓(一条),韭白(五分),童便(二盏)。
凡患风劳骨蒸(因风邪侵袭导致的虚劳发热,表现为骨骼深处发热),日久不愈,伴有咳嗽、吐血,夜间盗汗、遗精,脉象弦而数的患者,此方主治。
这是治疗因风邪导致虚劳的方剂。风邪是百病之长,属于天的阳气,具有疏泄万物的特性,所以在体表则使人出汗,在肺则使人咳嗽,在肝则使人吐血,在肾则使人遗精,附着于骨骼则使人出现蒸热和盗汗。这一理论,《灵枢》中蕴含了其奥妙,但从汉、唐到宋、元时期的各位医生,都没有穷尽这一学说,难怪治疗劳瘵(慢性消耗性疾病)的人难以治愈病人。柴胡解除既不在表也不在里的风邪,胡连(胡黄连)清除深入肌肉并附着于骨骼的热邪,前胡主治脾肺表里之间的邪气。褚澄说:酸味能入骨,所以乌梅的作用,也可以用来收敛骨蒸之热。猪胆用来滋养阴液,猪髓用来滋养骨骼,童便用来济助降火。韭白色辛性热,少量使用以作为向导药。经书说:病情严重的,顺从其假象而治。说的就是这种情况。
秦艽、知母、当归(各半两),鳖甲(一两),乌梅(一枚),青蒿(五叶),柴胡、地骨皮(各一两)。
风,属于阳气。所以在体表则表现为表热,在体内则表现为里热,附着于骨骼则表现为骨蒸壮热,长久蒸灼则导致肌肉消瘦。没有风邪就不会产生骨蒸,这是我的立论依据。罗谦甫先生主张使用此方,大概是有神妙的契合之处。柴胡、秦艽,属于风药,能够驱散肌肉和骨骼中的风邪。地骨皮、知母,属于寒凉药物,能够治疗肌肉和骨骼中的热邪。鳖,属于阴类;甲,属于骨属。以骨治骨,就能成为诸药的向导。用阴药滋养阴液,就能退除阴分中的骨蒸之热。乌梅味酸,能引导诸药进入骨骼并收敛其热邪。青蒿味苦辛,能跟随诸药进入肌肉并解除蒸热。再加上当归,一方面养血,另一方面引导诸药进入血液从而在阴分中清除热邪。
Chai Hu (Radix Bupleuri), Qian Hu (Radix Peucedani), Wu Mei (Fructus Mume), Hu Huang Lian (Rhizoma Coptidis, specifically *Coptis chinensis* var. *angustata*, often referred to as Hualian in this context but here specified as Hu Huang Lian which usually points to *Picrorhiza rhizome* or similar bitter-cold herbs for bone-steaming; however, standard TCM herb for "Hu Huang Lian" is *Picrorhizae Rhizoma* / Kutki. Note: The text says "Hu Huang Lian", WHO term is *Picrorhizae Rhizoma*). [Each 3 qian], Zhu Dan (Porcine Gallbladder) [one piece], Zhu Sui (Porcine Marrow) [one strip], Jiu Bai (White part of Allium tuberosum) [5 fen], Tong Bian (Child's Urine) [2 zhan].
For cases of Feng Lao Gu Zheng (Bone-steaming due to wind-induced consumptive disease) that persist without recovery, accompanied by coughing, hemoptysis, night sweats, and spermatorrhea, with a wiry and rapid pulse, this formula is indicated.
This formula treats consumptive disease caused by wind. Wind is the chief of all diseases; it is the yang qi of heaven, governing the dispersal and excretion of all things. Thus, when at the exterior, it causes sweating; when in the Lung, it causes coughing; when in the Liver, it causes hemoptysis; when in the Kidney, it causes spermatorrhea; and when adhering to the bones, it causes steaming heat and night sweats. This theory contains its subtleties in the *Ling Shu*. From the Han and Tang dynasties through the Song and Yuan dynasties, various physicians had not fully expounded upon this theory. No wonder it is difficult for practitioners to cure patients with Lao Zhai (consumptive tuberculosis). Chai Hu resolves wind that is neither strictly at the exterior nor the interior. Hu Huang Lian (*Picrorhizae Rhizoma*) clears heat that has penetrated into the muscles and adhered to the bones. Qian Hu addresses pathogenic factors in the exterior and interior of the Spleen and Lung. Chu Cheng stated: "Sour flavors enter the bones." Therefore, the use of Wu Mei can also serve to consolidate and stop bone-steaming. Zhu Yang Yin (Porcine Gallbladder) nourishes yin; Zhu Sui nourishes the bones; Tong Bian assists in extinguishing fire. Jiu Bai is acrid and hot. Used in small amounts, it acts as a guiding drug. The Classics state: "In severe cases, follow the condition." This refers to such situations.
Qin Jiao (Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae), Zhi Mu (Rhizoma Anemarrhenae), Dang Gui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis) [each half liang], Bie Jia (Carapax et Plastrum Testudinis) [1 liang], Wu Mei [one piece], Qing Hao (Herba Artemisiae Annuae) [five leaves], Chai Hu, Di Gu Pi (Cortex Lycii) [each 1 liang].
For cases of Feng Lao Gu Zheng with high fever and emaciation of muscles, this formula is indicated.
Wind is yang qi. Therefore, when at the exterior, it causes exterior heat; when in the interior, it causes interior heat; when adhering to the bones, it causes bone-steaming high fever; and prolonged steaming leads to muscle emaciation. Without wind, there is no bone-steaming; this is Kun's proposition. Luo Qianfu advocated this formula, presumably due to a profound spiritual契合 (resonance/fit). Chai Hu and Qin Jiao are wind-dispelling drugs capable of driving out wind from muscles and bones. Di Gu Pi and Zhi Mu are cold-natured substances capable of treating heat in muscles and bones. Turtle belongs to the yin category; its shell belongs to the bone category. Treating bone with bone makes it a guide for other herbs. Nourishing yin with yin substances helps to retreat bone-steaming in the yin aspect. Wu Mei is sour in flavor, capable of guiding other herbs into the bones to consolidate and clear their heat. Qing Hao is bitter and acrid, capable of entering the muscles along with other herbs to resolve steaming heat. Additionally, Dang Gui nourishes blood and guides other herbs into the blood to eliminate heat within the yin.