防风 川芎 当归 大黄 芒硝 白芍药 连翘 薄荷 麻黄 石膏 桔梗 黄芩 白
术栀子 荆芥 滑石 甘草
失下发斑者，此方主之。
失下者，肠胃燥实，当下而失于下也。失下则热无所泄而结于胃，胃主肌肉，故肌肉之
间见红斑也。红者，火之色，热之炽也。方中有大黄、芒硝、甘草，乃伤寒门调胃承气汤也，
所以泻肠胃之实热；加连翘、栀子、黄芩、薄荷，乃火门之凉膈散也，所以散胸膈之热邪。
全方除芒硝、大黄，各曰双解散；解表有防风、麻黄、薄荷、荆芥、川芎；解里有石膏、滑
石、黄芩、栀子、连翘；复有当归、芍药以和血；桔梗、白术、甘草以调气。营卫皆和，表
里俱畅，故曰双解。本方名曰通圣散，极言其用之妙也。正考见中风门。
葛根 橘皮 杏仁 知母 麻黄 黄芩 甘草
冬月肌中斑烂，咳而心闷者，此方主之。
冬月腠理闭密，故用麻黄以发表；肌属阳明，故用葛根以解肌；咳为肺气不利，故用橘
皮、杏仁以利气；闷为心膈有热，故用黄芩、知母以清热；辛甘发散为阳，故佐以甘草，且
调诸药而和中也。
升麻（半两） 生犀角（镑） 麝香 黄芩（炒） 人参 甘草（各二钱五分）
伤寒吐、下后，狂言面赤，阳毒发斑者，此方主之。
吐、下后中气必虚，故用人参、甘草以补中；升麻、犀角寒而不滞，故为散斑之要药。
佐以麝香，利气窍也。佐以黄芩，清阳毒也。
防风、川芎、当归、大黄、芒硝、白芍药、连翘、薄荷、麻黄、石膏、桔梗、黄芩、白术、栀子、荆芥、滑石、甘草。
对于因失于攻下而导致发斑的患者，此方主治。
所谓“失下”，是指肠胃燥结实证，本应使用攻下法却未能及时使用。如果失于攻下，热邪便无处宣泄而郁结于胃中。胃主司肌肉，因此肌肉之间会出现红斑。红色是火的色泽，代表热势炽盛。方中含有大黄、芒硝、甘草，这是《伤寒论》中的调胃承气汤（Tiaowei Chengqi Tang），用于泻除肠胃的实热；加入连翘、栀子、黄芩、薄荷，这是《太平惠民和剂局方》中的凉膈散（Liangge San），用于疏散胸膈的热邪。全方除去芒硝和大黄后称为双解散（Shuangjie San）；其中解表药物有防风、麻黄、薄荷、荆芥、川芎；解里药物有石膏、滑石、黄芩、栀子、连翘；另外还有当归、芍药来调和血液；桔梗、白术、甘草来调理气机。营气和卫气都得到调和，表证和里证都通畅，所以称为“双解”。本方名为通圣散，极力形容其疗效的神妙。详细的考证见中风门条目。
冬季人体腠理（皮肤纹理及汗孔）闭合致密，所以使用麻黄来发表散邪；肌肉归属于阳明经，所以使用葛根来解除肌表之邪；咳嗽是因为肺气不利，所以使用橘皮、杏仁来利气化痰；烦闷是因为心膈部位有热，所以使用黄芩、知母来清热；辛味和甘味的药物配合发散属于阳的性质，所以佐以甘草，并且调和各种药物以和中焦脾胃。
升麻（半两）、生犀角（镑片）、麝香、黄芩（炒制）、人参、甘草（各二钱五分）。
伤寒病经过催吐或攻下治疗后，出现胡言乱语、面色发红，以及阳毒发斑的患者，此方主治。
经过吐、下治疗后，中气必然虚弱，所以用人参、甘草来补益中气；升麻、犀角性寒而不凝滞，所以是消散斑疹的要药。佐以麝香，是为了疏通气窍。佐以黄芩，是为了清解阳毒。
Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba), Shigao (Gypsi Fibrosi Semen), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus), Jingjie (Schizonepetae Spica), Huashi (Talcum), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma).
This formula is indicated for patients who develop macules (skin eruptions) due to the failure to use purgation when indicated.
"Failure to purge" refers to a condition of dryness and excess in the intestines and stomach, where purgative treatment should have been applied but was neglected. If purgation is neglected, heat has no outlet to dissipate and becomes constrained in the Stomach. The Stomach governs the muscles; therefore, red macules appear between the muscles. Red is the color of fire, indicating intense heat. The formula contains Dahuang, Mangxiao, and Gancao, which constitute Tiaowei Chengqi Tang (Stomach-Regulating Orderly Downward-Pouring Decoction) from the Treatise on Cold Damage, used to drain excess heat from the intestines and stomach. Added are Lianqiao, Zhizi, Huangqin, and Bohe, which constitute Liangge San (Cooling the Diaphragm Powder) from the Fire category, used to disperse heat pathogens in the chest and diaphragm. Excluding Mangxiao and Dahuang, the remaining components form Shuangjie San (Double-Resolving Powder). The exterior-resolving herbs include Fangfeng, Mahuang, Bohe, Jingjie, and Chuanxiong; the interior-resolving herbs include Shigao, Huashi, Huangqin, Zhizi, and Lianqiao. Additionally, Danggui and Shaoyao harmonize the blood; Jiegeng, Baizhu, and Gancao regulate the qi. When Ying (Nutritive Qi) and Wei (Defensive Qi) are both harmonized, and both the exterior and interior are unobstructed, it is called "double resolution." This formula is named Tongsheng San (Thoroughly Sacred Powder) to emphasize its miraculous efficacy. For detailed examination, refer to the Stroke section.
Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Juapi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Xingren (Armeniacae Semens Amarum), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma).
This formula is indicated for patients in winter who present with ulcerated skin macules, cough, and chest oppression.
In winter, the couli (skin pores and interstices) are closed and dense; therefore, Mahuang is used to release the exterior. Muscles belong to the Yangming channel; therefore, Gegen is used to resolve the muscle layer. Cough results from obstructed Lung qi; therefore, Juapi and Xingren are used to promote qi movement. Oppression stems from heat in the Heart and diaphragm; therefore, Huangqin and Zhimu are used to clear heat. Pungent and sweet flavors combined to induce dispersal belong to Yang; therefore, Gancao is added as an assistant to harmonize the various herbs and moderate the Middle Jiao.
Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, half liang), Sheng Xijiao (Rhino Ceruos, sliced), Shexiang (Moschus), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, stir-fried), Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, each 2 qian 5 fen).
This formula is indicated for patients with Yangdu (Yang Toxin) presenting with macules, delirious speech, and flushed face following vomiting or purgation in the course of Cold Damage disease.
After vomiting and purgation, the Middle Qi must be deficient; therefore, Renshen and Gancao are used to tonify the Middle. Shengma and Xijiao are cold in nature yet non-stagnating; thus, they are essential herbs for resolving macules. Shexiang is added as an assistant to open the orifices of qi. Huangqin is added as an assistant to clear Yangdu.