香薷一两 浓朴（姜汁炒） 扁豆（炒）五钱 黄连（姜炒）三钱
冷服。
暑湿 三气，初学不能分别，多致错误，今为明白言之。时当夏令，天气下降，地气上
升，人处其中。暑上侵而湿下袭，暑为天之气，湿乃地之气，其热之甚者则为 ，此三气之
分也。今就暑病门中，先论暑症，虽有冒暑、伤暑、中暑、伏暑等名，不过略分轻重，其为
阳邪则一也，其因暑而贪凉受风者便是伤风，因暑而食冷受寒者便是伤寒，但与冬月之伤风、
伤寒治法不同。因暑伤风，当辛凉表散；因暑伤寒当于清解中参用温药，此为正法。四味香
薷饮，乃治感冒暑气、阳邪遏抑之剂，即冬月伤风中用桂枝、荆、防之例。今人误以香薷为
凉药，不论是何暑病，首先用之，殊可怪叹。
黄 一钱 人参一钱 白术（炒）五分 苍术一钱 神曲五分（炒） 陈皮 青皮（麸
炒） 甘草（炙） 麦冬 五味子 当归（酒洗） 黄柏（酒炒） 泽泻各二分 升麻一钱 葛
根三分
姜枣煎。
清暑益气汤，药味庞杂，补者补而消者消，升者升而泻者泻，将何所适从乎？且主治下，
有胸满气促一条，则黄 、升麻在所当禁。予谓此等症，但须清心养胃，健脾利湿足矣，何
必如此小题大做。东垣先生，予最为服膺，惟此等方不敢阿好。
香薷一两，浓朴（用姜汁炒制），扁豆（炒制）五钱，黄连（用姜炒制）三钱。
冷服。
暑、湿、火三气，初学者往往不能分辨，导致很多错误，现在为大家明白地说一下。正值夏季，天气下降，地气上升，人处于天地之间。暑气从上侵入，湿气从下袭击，暑属于天的气，湿属于地的气，其中热得特别厉害的就成为火，这是这三种气的区别。现在就在暑病门类中，先讨论暑症，虽然有冒暑、伤暑、中暑、伏暑等名称，不过是略微区分轻重程度，它们都属于阳邪这一类。那些因为暑天贪凉而受风邪的，就是伤风；因为暑天吃冷的东西而受寒邪的，就是伤寒，但与冬季的伤风、伤寒治疗方法不同。因暑天伤风，应当用辛凉的方法解表散邪；因暑天伤寒，应当在清解暑热的方药中参入温性药物，这才是正确的治法。四味香薷饮，是治疗感冒暑气、阳邪被遏制的方剂，就像冬季伤风中使用桂枝汤、荆芥、防风那样。现在的人误以为香薷是凉药，不管是什么类型的暑病，首先就使用它，实在令人奇怪叹息。
黄芪一钱，人参一钱，白术（炒制）五分，苍术一钱，神曲五分（炒制），陈皮，青皮（用麸炒制），甘草（炙制），麦冬，五味子，当归（酒洗），黄柏（酒炒制），泽泻各二分，升麻一钱，葛根三分。
加生姜、大枣煎服。
清暑益气汤，药味繁杂，补益的药和消导的药混杂，升提的药和泻下的药并用，让人不知该遵循哪一方面？而且在其主治症状中，有一条提到胸满气促，那么黄芪、升麻就在禁忌之列。我认为这类病症，只需要清心养胃、健脾利湿就足够了，何必如此小题大做。我对东垣先生最为佩服，唯独对方剂不敢盲目附和喜好。
Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) one tael, Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex (Houpo, 厚朴) stir-fried with ginger juice, Vigna Angularis Seed (Bian Dou, 扁豆) stir-fried five qian, Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, 黄连) stir-fried with ginger three qian.
Take cold.
The pathogenic factors of Summerheat (Shu, 暑), Dampness (Shi, 湿), and Fire (Huo, 火) are often indistinguishable to beginners, leading to frequent errors. I will now explain them clearly. During the summer season, Heaven's Qi descends and Earth's Qi ascends, and humans reside within this interaction. Summerheat invades from above, while Dampness attacks from below. Summerheat belongs to the Qi of Heaven, and Dampness belongs to the Qi of Earth; when the heat becomes extreme, it transforms into Fire. This constitutes the distinction among these three pathogenic factors. Within the category of Summerheat diseases, let us first discuss Summerheat symptoms. Although there are names such as Exposure to Summerheat (Mao Shu, 冒暑), Injury by Summerheat (Shang Shu, 伤暑), Collapse due to Summerheat (Zhong Shu, 中暑), and Latent Summerheat (Fu Shu, 伏暑), these merely denote slight differences in severity; they all belong to Yang Pathogens (Yang Xie, 阳邪). Those who contract Wind (Feng, 风) due to seeking coolness in summer suffer from Wind Injury (Shang Feng, 伤风); those who contract Cold (Han, 寒) due to consuming cold food in summer suffer from Cold Injury (Shang Han, 伤寒). However, their treatment differs from that of Wind or Cold injury in winter. For Wind injury contracted during summer, acrid-cool methods should be used to release the exterior; for Cold injury contracted during summer, warm herbs should be incorporated into formulas that clear and resolve Summerheat. This is the correct method. Siwei Xiangru Yin (Four-Ingredient Elsholtzia Decoction) is a formula for treating Cold-Dampness complicated by Summerheat, where Yang pathogens are suppressed, analogous to the use of Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction), Jingjie (Schizonepeta), and Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia) for Wind injury in winter. Nowadays, people mistakenly consider Xiangru (Elsholtzia) as a cooling herb. Regardless of the type of Summerheat disease, they apply it first, which is truly surprising and lamentable.
Astragali Radix (Huangqi, 黄芪) one qian, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 人参) one qian, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术) stir-fried five fen, Atractylodis Rhizoma (Cangzhu, 苍术) one qian, Massa Medicata Fermentata (Shenqu, 神曲) five fen (stir-fried), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi, 陈皮), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride (Qingpi, 青皮) stir-fried with bran, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) roasted, Ophiopogonis Radix (Maidong, 麦冬), Schisandrae Fructus (Wuweizi, 五味子), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui, 当归) washed with wine, Phellodendri Cortex (Huangbai, 黄柏) fried with wine, Alismatis Rhizoma (Zexie, 泽泻) each two fen, Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma, 升麻) one qian, Puerariae Lobatae Radix (Gegen, 葛根) three fen.
Decoct with Ginger (Shengjiang, 生姜) and Jujubae Fructus (Dazao, 大枣).
Qingshu Yiqi Tang (Clear Summerheat and Benefit Qi Decoction) contains a complex mixture of herbs; tonifying agents are mixed with resolving agents, ascending agents with descending agents, leaving one unsure which principle to follow. Moreover, among its indications, "chest fullness and shortness of breath" is listed; thus, Huangqi (Astragalus) and Shengma (Cimicifuga) are contraindicated. I believe that for such conditions, clearing the Heart (Xin, 心) and nourishing the Stomach (Wei, 胃), strengthening the Spleen (Pi, 脾) and promoting the discharge of Dampness (Shi, 湿) is sufficient. Why make a mountain out of a molehill? I hold Mr. Dongyuan (Li Dongyuan, 李东垣) in highest esteem, but I dare not blindly endorse his prescriptions in this regard.