（《局方》）
治脾有停湿痰饮，痞膈，宿食不消，满闷呕泻；及山岚瘴雾，不服水土（土湿太过，木
邪乘所不胜而侮之，脾虚不能健运，故有痰食留滞中焦，致生痞满诸证。胃寒则呕，湿盛则
泻。岚
苍术（泔浸，二钱） 浓朴（姜炒） 陈皮（去白） 甘草（炙，一钱。）加姜、枣煎。
伤食加
木香；大便秘加大黄
此足太阴、阳明药也。苍术辛烈，燥湿而强脾；浓朴苦温，除湿而散满（苦降能泻实满，
辛温
务令
本方加藿香、半夏，名藿香平胃散，又名不换金正气散《局方》∶治胃寒腹痛呕吐，及
瘴疫湿疟。再加人参、茯苓、草果、生姜、乌梅，名人参养胃汤∶治外感风寒，内伤生冷，
夹食停痰，岚瘴瘟疫；或饮食伤脾，发为 疟（老疟也）。本方合二陈加藿香，名除湿汤∶
治伤湿腹痛，身重足软，大便溏泻。本方加 本、枳壳、桔梗，名和解散（《局方》）∶治四
时伤寒头痛，烦躁自汗，咳嗽吐利。本方一两，加桑白皮一两，名对金饮子∶治脾胃受湿，
腹胀身重，饮食不进，肢酸肤肿。本方除苍术，加木香、草蔻、干姜、茯苓，名浓朴温中汤∶
治脾胃虚寒，心腹胀满；及秋冬客寒犯胃，时作疼痛（散以辛热，佐以苦甘，渗以甘淡，气
温胃和，
（洁古）
消痞除痰，健脾进食（消痞除痰，消也；健脾进食，补也）。
白术（二两，土蒸） 枳实（一两，麸炒）。为末。荷叶包陈米饭煨干为丸。痞闷加陈
皮，气滞加木香，伤食加麦芽、神曲。
此足太阴、阳明药也。李东垣曰∶白术甘温，补脾胃之元气，其苦味除胃中湿热，利腰
脐间
化其
营气
由不上升乎；烧饭与白术协力滋养谷气，补令胃浓，不至再伤，其利广矣（王安道曰∶劳倦
饮食，
胃气
故补
有不
丸之
本方作汤名枳术汤（《金匮》）∶治水饮，心下坚大如盘，边如旋盘（心下，上焦阳分也，
属气分之水）。本方加半夏一两，名半夏枳术丸∶治脾湿停痰，及伤冷食。淋者加泽泻一两。
本方加橘皮一两，名橘皮枳术丸∶治饮食不消，气滞痞闷。本方加陈皮、半夏，名橘半枳术
丸∶健脾消痞化痰。本方加木香一两，名木香枳术丸∶治气滞痞满木香平肝行气，使木不克
土）。加砂仁，名香砂枳术丸∶破滞气，消饮食，强脾胃。如加干姜五钱，名（木香干姜枳
术丸∶兼治气寒。再加人参、陈皮，名木香人参干姜枳术丸∶开胃进食。本方加神曲、麦芽
各一两，名曲 枳术丸∶治内伤饮食，或泄泻。本方加酒炒黄连、黄芩、大黄、炒神曲、橘
红各一两，名三黄枳术丸∶治伤肉食、湿面、辛热味浓之物，填塞闷乱不快。本方加茯苓五
钱、干姜
（出自《太平惠民和剂局方》）
治疗脾脏有停滞的湿痰饮邪，胸膈痞塞，宿食不消化，脘腹胀闷呕吐腹泻；以及山间岚气瘴雾，不服水土（土湿太过，木邪乘其所不胜而侮之，脾虚不能健运，故有痰食留滞中焦，导致产生痞满等各种证候。胃寒则呕吐，湿盛则腹泻）。
苍术（用米泔水浸泡，二钱） 厚朴（姜汁炒） 陈皮（去白） 甘草（炙，一钱）。加入生姜、大枣煎服。
伤食者加木香；大便秘结加大黄。
这是足太阴脾经、足阳明胃经的药物。苍术辛烈，燥湿而强健脾气；厚朴苦温，除湿而消除胀满（苦降能泻实满，辛温……务必令……）。
本方加入藿香、半夏，名为藿香平胃散，又名不换金正气散（出自《局方》）：治疗胃寒腹痛呕吐，以及瘴疫湿疟。再加入人参、茯苓、草果、生姜、乌梅，名为人参养胃汤：治疗外感风寒，内伤生冷，夹带食积停痰，山岚瘴气瘟疫；或饮食损伤脾脏，发作为老疟疾。本方合二陈汤加入藿香，名为除湿汤：治疗伤湿腹痛，身体沉重脚软，大便溏泻。本方加入藁本、枳壳、桔梗，名为和解散（出自《局方》）：治疗四季伤寒头痛，烦躁自汗，咳嗽吐利。本方一两，加入桑白皮一两，名为对金饮子：治疗脾胃受湿，腹胀身重，饮食不进，肢体酸痛皮肤浮肿。本方除去苍术，加入木香、草蔻、干姜、茯苓，名为厚朴温中汤：治疗脾胃虚寒，心腹胀满；以及秋冬客寒犯胃，时常发作疼痛（用辛热发散，佐以苦甘，渗以甘淡，气温胃和……）。
（洁古先生观点）
消除痞塞排除痰饮，健脾增进食欲（消除痞塞排除痰饮，属于消法；健脾增进食欲，属于补法）。
白术（二两，土蒸） 枳实（一两，麸炒）。研为细末。用荷叶包裹陈米饭煨干制成丸药。痞闷加重加陈皮，气滞加木香，伤食加麦芽、神曲。
这是足太阴脾经、足阳明胃经的药物。李东垣说：白术甘温，补益脾胃的元气，其苦味清除胃中湿热，通利腰脐之间……化生营气……由不上升吗？烧饭与白术协力滋养谷气，补益使胃气浓厚，不再受伤，其利益广泛了（王安道说：劳倦饮食，胃气……所以补……有不……丸之……）。
本方改为汤剂名为枳术汤（出自《金匮要略》）：治疗水饮，心下坚硬大如盘，边缘如旋盘（心下，上焦阳分也，属于气分之水）。本方加入半夏一两，名为半夏枳术丸：治疗脾湿停痰，以及伤冷食。淋证者加泽泻一两。本方加入橘皮一两，名为橘皮枳术丸：治疗饮食不消化，气滞痞闷。本方加入陈皮、半夏，名为橘半枳术丸：健脾消除痞塞化痰。本方加入木香一两，名为木香枳术丸：治疗气滞痞满（木香平肝行气，使木不克土）。加入砂仁，名为香砂枳术丸：破滞气，消饮食，强脾胃。如果加入干姜五钱，名为（木香干姜枳术丸：兼治气寒。再加入人参、陈皮，名为木香人参干姜枳术丸：开胃进食。本方加入神曲、麦芽各一两，名为曲麦枳术丸：治疗内伤饮食，或泄泻。本方加入酒炒黄连、黄芩、大黄、炒神曲、橘红各一两，名为三黄枳术丸：治疗伤肉食、湿面、辛热味浓之物，填塞闷乱不快。本方加入茯苓五钱、干姜……
(From *Tai Ping Hui Min He Ji Ju Fang*)
Treats stagnation of dampness, phlegm, and fluid retention in the Spleen; chest and diaphragm stuffiness (Pi Ge); undigested food; abdominal distension, fullness, vomiting, and diarrhea; as well as mountain miasma and pestilential vapors, and intolerance to local conditions (Excessive earth dampness allows Wood pathogenic factors to attack what it cannot overcome and insult it. Spleen deficiency fails to transform and transport, leading to retention of phlegm and food in the Middle Jiao, causing various syndromes of stuffiness and fullness. Stomach cold causes vomiting; excessive dampness causes diarrhea).
Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma, soaked in rice wash water, 2 qian) Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, stir-fried with ginger juice) Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, white pith removed) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried, 1 qian). Add Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) and Zao (Jujubae Fructus), decoct and take.
For food stagnation, add Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix); for constipation, add Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma).
This is a formula for the Foot-Taiyin Splein Meridian and Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian. Cangzhu is acrid and pungent, drying dampness and strengthening the Spleen; Houpo is bitter and warm, eliminating dampness and dispersing fullness (Bitter descending can purge excess fullness, Acrid-warm... must ensure...).
Adding Huoxiang (Pogostemonis Herba) and Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) to this formula creates Huoxiang Pingwei San (Huo Xiang Ping Wei Powder), also known as Buhuanjin Zhengqi San (Unchanging Gold Upright Qi Powder) (*Ju Fang*): Treats Stomach cold abdominal pain and vomiting, as well as pestilential damp malaria. Adding further Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Fuling (Poria), Caoguo (Tsaoko Fructus), Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), and Wumei (Mume Fructus) creates Renshen Yangwei Tang (Ginseng Nourishing Stomach Decoction): Treats external contraction of Wind-Cold, internal injury from raw/cold foods, combined with food retention and phlegm-fluid, mountain miasma and pestilence; or dietary injury to the Spleen manifesting as chronic malaria (Lao Nue). Combining this formula with Erchen Tang (Two-Aged Powder) and adding Huoxiang creates Chushi Tang (Dampness-Removing Decoction): Treats injury by dampness causing abdominal pain, heavy body and weak legs, loose stools. Adding Bencao (Ligustici Rhizoma), Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), and Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix) creates Hejie San (Harmonizing Powder) (*Ju Fang*): Treats headache from Cold Damage in all four seasons, irritability, spontaneous sweating, cough with vomiting and diarrhea. One liang of this formula plus one liang of Sangbaipi (Mori Cortex) creates Duijin Yinzi (Metal-Matching Infusion): Treats Spleen and Stomach affected by dampness, abdominal distension and heaviness, loss of appetite, limb soreness and skin edema. Removing Cangzhu from this formula and adding Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Cao Kou (Amomi Fructus Rotundus), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma), and Fuling (Poria) creates Houpo Wenzhong Tang (Magnolia Nourishing Middle Decoction): Treats Spleen and Stomach deficiency-cold, epigastric and abdominal fullness; as well as seasonal cold invading the Stomach in autumn and winter causing intermittent pain (Dispersed with acrid-hot, assisted with bitter-sweet, drained with sweet-bland, warming the Qi and harmonizing the Stomach...).
(Jiegu's perspective)
Eliminates stuffiness and removes phlegm, strengthens the Spleen and promotes appetite (Eliminating stuffiness and removing phlegm is the method of reduction; strengthening the Spleen and promoting appetite is the method of tonification).
Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 2 liang, steamed in earth) Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, 1 liang, stir-fried with bran). Grind into powder. Wrap in Lotus Leaf (Nelumbinis Nelumbo) with aged cooked rice, roast until dry, and form into pills. For increased stuffiness, add Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium); for Qi stagnation, add Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix); for food injury, add Maiya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus) and Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata).
This is a formula for the Foot-Taiyin Splein Meridian and Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian. Li Dongyuan said: Baizhu is sweet and warm, tonifying the Yuan Qi of the Spleen and Stomach; its bitter taste clears damp-heat in the Stomach, benefiting the area between the waist and umbilicus... transforming Ying Qi... does it not ascend? Cooked rice assists Baizhu in nourishing Gu Qi, tonifying until the Stomach Qi is thick, preventing further injury, providing extensive benefits (Wang Andao said: Labor fatigue and dietary irregularities, Stomach Qi... therefore tonify... there is no... pill...).
Preparing this formula as a decoction creates Zhizhu Tang (Zhizi Zhuyu Decoction) (*Jin Gui Yao Lue*): Treats fluid retention, hardness below the heart large as a plate, edges like a spinning plate (Below the heart refers to the Upper Jiao Yang aspect, belonging to Water of the Qi aspect). Adding one liang of Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) creates Banxia Zhizhu Wan (Pinellia Zhizhu Pill): Treats Spleen dampness with retained phlegm, and injury from cold food. For strangury, add Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma) one liang. Adding one liang of Jupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) creates Jupi Zhizhu Wan (Tangerine Peel Zhizhu Pill): Treats undigested food, Qi stagnation and stuffiness. Adding Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) and Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) creates Ju Ban Zhizhu Wan (Tangerine Peel Pinellia Zhizhu Pill): Strengthens the Spleen, eliminates stuffiness, and resolves phlegm. Adding one liang of Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) creates Muxiang Zhizhu Wan (Aucklandia Zhizhu Pill): Treats Qi stagnation and fullness (Muxiang soothes the Liver and moves Qi, ensuring Wood does not overact on Earth). Adding Sha Ren (Amomi Fructus) creates Xiangsha Zhizhu Wan (Aucklandia-Amomum Zhizhu Pill): Breaks stagnant Qi, digests food, and strengthens the Spleen and Stomach. If added Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma) five qian, it is named (Muxiang Ganjiang Zhizhu Wan: Also treats Qi cold). Further adding Renshen (Ginseng Radix) and Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) creates Muxiang Renshen Ganjiang Zhizhu Wan (Aucklandia-Ginseng-Ginger Zhizhu Pill): Opens the Stomach and promotes appetite. Adding Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata) and Maiya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus) each one liang creates Qu Mai Zhizhu Wan (Fermented Mass-Barley Zhizhu Pill): Treats internal injury from diet, or diarrhea. Adding Jiu Chao Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, wine-fried), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Chao Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata, stir-fried), and Juhong (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Rubrum) each one liang creates Sanhuang Zhizhu Wan (Three Yellows Zhizhu Pill): Treats injury from meat, wet noodles, and pungent/hot rich foods causing blockage, oppression, and discomfort. Adding five qian of Fuling (Poria) and Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma)...