（身体拘急）
体痛，谓一身尽痛，伤寒、（太阳表证，六脉俱紧，发汗后痛，为气血不和，脉弦迟。）
阴毒、（伤
寒阴毒，痛如被杖。）霍乱、（吐泻腹痛。）中暑、（汗太多，脉虚。）湿痹、（湿流关节，
一身尽痛，风湿相搏，重痛
不可转侧，脉缓。）虚劳，（气血虚损，脉弦小，或虚数。）皆有之。寒者，甘草附子汤。
热者，当归
拈痛汤。内伤劳倦饮食，兼感风湿者，补中益气汤（见气）。加羌、防、升麻、苍术、
本治之。春月寒湿郁遏，清阳不得升，火伏下焦，浮而躁热，虽在阴室中亦
汗出，壮火食气，困乏懒言，以麻黄复煎汤，渐渐发之，令寒湿去，阳气升，困倦
乃退。遍身痛如劳证者，参、 、甘草、附子（炮）、羌活、木香、知母、芍药、川芎、
前胡、枳壳、桔梗、白术、当归、茯苓、半夏（制），各五钱，柴胡、鳖甲（醋炙）各一两，
桂心、酸枣仁各三钱，杏仁（炒）五钱，为末，每服四钱，姜三片，枣二个，乌梅
三个，葱白三寸，水煎空心调服。少年虚损冷惫，老人诸疾并治，惟伤寒体痛不宜。
活血丹与四物苍术各半汤相表里，治遍身骨节疼痛如神。身体拘急属寒，寒则收引
也。又属湿，湿亦寒也。寒属肾，湿属脾，于二经取之。
（详四诊察面。颊车蹉。）
诸阳经皆上至于头，而胃脉起鼻交 中，侠口环唇循颊车，上耳前，过客主人，
故面部属胃经。（按小肠脉别支从观上 ，抵鼻络颧，亦面部也。）胃热则面热，便燥
结者，先用调
胃承气汤（见大便不通）。彻其本，次用升麻加黄连汤，以去其经络中上行之风热。胃寒则
面寒，先以附子理中丸（见中寒）温其中气，次以升麻加附子汤，以散其经络中上行之寒。
风热甚则面肿痛，白芷、升麻、葛根、薄荷、防风、荆芥、羌活、苍术、黄芩、石
膏，外杵杏仁膏涂之。肿如蛇状，青苔水调涂。风水亦浮肿，详肿胀门。（肿与浮异，风
火上炎，红肿而痛，此邪有余而肿也。脾肺气虚，不能营运，上壅不降，面目虚浮，
此正不足而浮也。）面疮或粉
刺，或起白皮作痒，但浅在皮肤者，皆属肺经风热，清肺饮。
面焦，胃脉衰，人参、黄 、甘草、白芍、升麻、葛根、白芷。面尘，（即晦暗。）
阳气郁滞则无光，水涸则不润，故晦暗如蒙尘土，宜疏肝、清肺、滋肾。面上黧黑斑，
水虚也，女人最多，六味丸。（见虚损。）外用甘松、山奈、细辛、白芷、白蔹、白芨、防
风、荆芥、僵蚕、天麻、羌活、陀僧、川椒、菊花、独活、枯矾、檀
香各一钱，枣肉七个，肥皂肉一斤，同为丸，秋冬加生蜜五钱，皮粗稿加牛骨髓三钱，
洗面。面上黑子，锻石、 水 调稠，糯米插入灰内，留半截在外，片时米色如
水晶，用以点之即落。 KT ，鸡子清调赤小豆末，加蜗牛、飞面捣匀贴之。又用靛
缸底泥涂之即消。面黑，有胃阳虚，肾寒侮土，故黑色见于面唇，（唇者，脾之华，
土不胜水，故黑。）以升麻、葛根、防风、白芷，推扬胃气，而散其滞，苍术散其寒，白
芍以敛脾阴，参、 、甘草、姜、枣以补其阳。午前阳升之时服之，数帖而愈。
又有登厕感非常臭气而得者，以沉檀焚于帐内熏之，旬日而愈。盖臭属肾水，香属
脾土，取其相胜也。又有因吃斑鸠而得者，鸠常食半夏苗有毒，以姜汁解之
而愈。
欠伸颊车蹉，口开不能合，醉以酒，俟睡，皂角末吹其鼻，嚏即止。
（身体拘急）
全身疼痛，是指整个身体都感到疼痛。伤寒、阴毒、霍乱、中暑、湿痹、虚劳这些病症，都会出现这种情况。其中，伤寒表现为太阳表证，六脉俱紧；发汗后仍然疼痛，是因为气血不和，脉象弦迟。阴毒是伤寒中的阴毒证，疼痛剧烈如同被棍棒打过。霍乱表现为呕吐、腹泻和腹痛。中暑是因为出汗过多，导致脉象虚弱。湿痹是湿气流注关节，全身疼痛，风湿相互搏结，身体沉重疼痛无法转动，脉象缓弱。虚劳则是气血亏虚，脉象弦小或虚数。
对于寒性体痛，使用甘草附子汤。
对于热性体痛，使用当归拈痛汤。
如果是内伤劳倦饮食，又兼感风湿者，使用补中益气汤（见“气”章节），并加入羌活、防风、升麻、苍术、藁本进行治疗。
春季寒湿郁结遏阻，清阳之气不能上升，火气潜伏在下焦，浮越而躁动发热，即使在阴凉室内也会出汗。壮火消耗元气，导致困乏懒言，使用麻黄复煎汤，逐渐发汗，使寒湿去除，阳气升发，困倦症状自然消退。
全身疼痛像虚劳证一样的，用人参、黄芪、甘草、炮附子、羌活、木香、知母、芍药、川芎、前胡、枳壳、桔梗、白术、当归、茯苓、制半夏，各五钱，柴胡、醋炙鳖甲各一两，桂心、酸枣仁各三钱，炒杏仁五钱，研为细末。每次服用四钱，加生姜三片、大枣二个、乌梅三个、葱白三寸，水煎，空腹调服。此方少年虚损冷惫、老人各种疾病均可治疗，唯独伤寒引起的体痛不宜使用。
活血丹与四物苍术各半汤相辅相成，治疗遍身骨节疼痛效果神奇。
身体拘急属于寒证，寒性收引。也属于湿证，湿亦属寒。寒对应肾，湿对应脾，应从这两条经络取穴治疗。
（详细参见四诊察面部分。颊车脱臼。）
所有阳经都上行至头部，而胃经起于鼻旁交于鼻根中，夹口环绕嘴唇，沿颊车穴上行至耳前，经过客主人穴，所以面部归属于胃经。（按：小肠脉别支从目上角分出，抵鼻络颧，也涉及面部。）胃热则面部发热，大便燥结者，先用调胃承气汤（见“大便不通”章节）。先清除病根，再用升麻加黄连汤，以去除经络中上行的风热。胃寒则面部发冷，先用附子理中丸（见“中寒”章节）温补中气，再用升麻加附子汤，以散除经络中上行的寒气。
风热严重则面部肿痛，用白芷、升麻、葛根、薄荷、防风、荆芥、羌活、苍术、黄芩、石膏，外用捣碎的杏仁膏涂抹。肿胀如蛇状，用青苔加水调涂。风水也会导致浮肿，详见“肿胀”门。（肿与浮不同：风火上炎，红肿而痛，这是邪气有余导致的肿；脾肺气虚，不能运化，上壅不降，面目虚浮，这是正气不足导致的浮。）面部疮疡或粉刺，或起白皮作痒，只要浅在皮肤层的，都属于肺经风热，使用清肺饮。
面色焦枯，是胃脉衰弱所致，用人参、黄芪、甘草、白芍、升麻、葛根、白芷。面色尘垢晦暗，（即晦暗无光。）阳气郁滞则无光泽，津液枯竭则不滋润，所以晦暗如蒙尘土，宜疏肝、清肺、滋肾。面上黧黑斑，是水虚所致，女性最多见，使用六味丸（见“虚损”章节）。外用甘松、山奈、细辛、白芷、白蔹、白芨、防风、荆芥、僵蚕、天麻、羌活、陀僧、川椒、菊花、独活、枯矾、檀香各一钱，枣肉七个，肥皂肉一斤，共同制成丸剂，秋冬季节加生蜜五钱，皮肤粗糙皲裂加牛骨髓三钱，用来洗面。面上黑痣，用锻石和水调成稠状，将糯米插入灰内，留半截在外面，片刻后米色如水晶，用来点痣即可脱落。KT（一种面部赘生物），用鸡蛋清调赤小豆末，加蜗牛、飞面捣匀贴敷。又用靛缸底泥涂抹即可消除。面色黑，有因胃阳虚、肾寒侮土，导致黑色见于面唇的（唇是脾的外华，土不胜水，故现黑色），用升麻、葛根、防风、白芷推扬胃气并散其滞气，苍术散其寒，白芍敛脾阴，人参、黄芪、甘草、姜、枣补其阳气。在午前阳气升发之时服用，数剂即可痊愈。
又有因上厕所感受非常臭气而得病的，用沉香、檀香在帐内焚烧熏蒸，十日可愈。因为臭气属肾水，香气属脾土，取其相克之理。又有因吃斑鸠而得病的，斑鸠常食半夏苗有毒，用姜汁解毒而愈。
打哈欠伸腰时颊车脱臼，口张开不能闭合，用酒灌醉，待其睡着，将皂角末吹入鼻腔，打喷嚏后即可复位。
(Physical Stiffness and Spasm)
General body pain refers to pain throughout the entire body. Conditions such as Shanghan (Cold Damage), Yin Du (Yin Toxin), Huoluan (Cholera-like disorder), Zhongshu (Heatstroke), Shibi (Damp Bi Syndrome), and Xulao (Deficiency Labor) can all present with this symptom. In Shanghan, it manifests as a Taiyang exterior syndrome with tight pulses in all six positions; if pain persists after sweating, it is due to disharmony of Qi and Blood, with wiry and slow pulses. Yin Du is a type of cold damage characterized by severe pain as if beaten with a stick. Huoluan presents with vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Zhongshu results from excessive sweating leading to deficient pulses. Shibi involves dampness flowing into the joints, causing whole-body pain; when wind and dampness combine, the body feels heavy and painful, making turning difficult, with slow pulses. Xulao involves deficiency of Qi and Blood, with wiry-small or deficient-rapid pulses.
For body pain due to Cold, use Gancao Fuzi Tang (Licorice and Aconite Decoction).
For body pain due to Heat, use Danggui Nian Tong Tang (Angelica Sinensis Decoction for Relieving Pain).
If caused by internal injury from overwork, fatigue, or diet, combined with Wind-Damp invasion, use Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) [see "Qi" chapter], adding Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), and Bencao (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) for treatment.
In spring, Cold-Damp may be constrained, preventing Clear Yang from ascending. Fire may lurk in the Lower Jiao, floating and causing restless heat; even in a cool room, sweating occurs. Vigorous Fire consumes Qi, leading to fatigue and reluctance to speak. Use Mahuang Fuxian Tang (Ephedra Decoction Re-brewed) to gradually induce sweating, dispelling Cold-Damp and raising Yang Qi, thereby relieving fatigue.
For general body pain resembling deficiency labor, use Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Gancao (Licorice Radix et Rhizoma), Paofuzi (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Fuling (Poria), and Zhibanxia (Prepared Pinelliae Tuber), each 5 qian; Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) and Cu zhi biejia (Vinegar-processed Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum) each 1 liang; Guixin (Cinnamomi Cortex), Suanzaoren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen), and Chao xingren (Stir-fried Armeniacae Semens Amarum) 3 qian and 5 qian respectively. Grind into powder. Take 4 qian per dose, with 3 slices of Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), 2 Dazao (Jujubae Fructus), 3 Wumei (Mume Fructus), and 3 cun of Congbai (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus). Decoct in water and take on an empty stomach. This formula treats deficiency and cold exhaustion in youth and various ailments in the elderly, but is contraindicated for body pain due to Shanghan.
Huoxue Dan (Blood-Invigorating Pill) and Siwu Cangzhu Geban Tang (Half-Siwu Half-Cangzhu Decoction) work synergistically to treat general bone and joint pain with miraculous effect.
Physical stiffness and spasm belong to Cold, which causes contraction. It also belongs to Dampness, which is also Cold. Cold corresponds to the Kidney, and Dampness to the Spleen; treatment should focus on these two meridians.
(Detailed examination of the face is covered in the Four Diagnostic Methods section. Temporomandibular joint dislocation.)
All Yang meridians ascend to the head. The Stomach Meridian originates at the nose, crosses the nasal root, runs alongside the mouth, circles the lips, ascends along the Jiache point to the front of the ear, and passes through the Guest Master point. Therefore, the face belongs to the Stomach Meridian. (Note: The Small Intestine Meridian has a branch from the supraorbital region, reaching the nose and connecting to the cheekbones, also involving the face.) Heat in the Stomach causes facial heat; if accompanied by dry stool constipation, first use Tiaowei Chengqi Tang (Regulate the Stomach and Descend Rebellion Decoction) [see "Constipation"]. Address the root cause first, then use Shengma Jia Huanglian Tang (Cimicifuga plus Coptis Decoction) to dispel Wind-Heat ascending in the meridians. Cold in the Stomach causes facial cold; first use Fuzi Lizhong Wan (Aconite Regulate the Middle Pill) [see "Middle Cold"] to warm the Middle Qi, then use Shengma Jia Fuzi Tang (Cimicifuga plus Aconite Decoction) to dispel Cold ascending in the meridians.
Severe Wind-Heat causes facial swelling and pain. Use Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), and Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum). Externally, apply crushed Xingren (Armeniacae Semens Amarum) paste. For snake-like swelling, apply Qingtai (Green Algae) mixed with water. Fengshui (Wind Edema) also causes edema; see the "Edema" section. (Swelling differs from floating: Wind-Fire flaming upward causes red, swollen, painful areas, indicating excess pathogenic factors; Spleen-Lung Qi deficiency fails to circulate, causing upper congestion and failure to descend, resulting in puffy, floating appearance of the face and eyes, indicating deficiency of healthy Qi.) Facial sores, acne, or white peeling skin causing itching, if superficial in the skin, belong to Lung Meridian Wind-Heat; use Qingfei Yin (Clear the Lung Drink).
Withered complexion indicates decline of the Stomach Meridian; use Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Gancao (Licorice Radix et Rhizoma), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), and Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix). Dusty complexion (dullness) results from stagnant Yang Qi lacking luster and depleted fluids lacking moisture, appearing dull like dust-covered earth; treat by soothing the Liver, clearing the Lung, and nourishing the Kidney. Dark spots on the face indicate Water deficiency, most common in women; use Liuwei Wan (Six-Ingredient Pill with Rehmannia) [see "Deficiency Labor"]. Externally, use Gansong (Nardostachyos Radix et Rhizoma), Shannai (Kaempferiae Galanga Rhizoma), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Bailian (Trollii Radix), Baiji (Bletillae Rhizoma), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba), Jiangcan (Bombyx Batryticatus), Tianma (Gastrodiae Rhizoma), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Tuoseng (Turbinated Sand), Chuanjiao (Zanthoxyli Pericarpium), Juhua (Chrysanthemi Flos), Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix), and Kufan (Alumen) each 1 qian, 7 dates flesh, and 1 jin soap bean meat. Form into pills. Add 5 qian raw honey in autumn/winter; add 3 qian ox marrow for rough/cracked skin. Use for washing the face. Black moles on the face: Mix Duanshi (Calcined Iron Ore) with water to a thick consistency. Insert rice grains into the ash, leaving half exposed. When the rice turns crystal clear, use it to dab the mole until it falls off. KT (facial growths): Mix Chi Xiaodou (Adzuki Bean) powder with egg white, add Snail and Feimian (Fly Flour), grind evenly, and apply. Alternatively, apply bottom mud from indigo vats to eliminate them.
Dark complexion can result from Stomach Yang deficiency and Kidney Cold insulting Earth, causing black color to appear on the face and lips (the lips are the bloom of the Spleen; when Earth cannot control Water, black appears). Use Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), and Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix) to promote Stomach Qi and dissipate stagnation; Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma) to dissipate Cold; Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) to astringe Spleen Yin; Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Gancao (Licorice Radix et Rhizoma), Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), and Dazao (Jujubae Fructus) to tonify Yang. Take during the morning when Yang Qi rises; several doses will cure it.
Another cause is exposure to extremely foul odors while using the toilet. Burn Chenxiang (Aquilariae Resina) and Tanxiang (Santalum Album Lignum) inside a tent to fumigate; recovery occurs within ten days. Foul odor belongs to Kidney Water, fragrance to Spleen Earth; this utilizes their mutual overcoming relationship. Another cause is eating turtle dove, which often eats Banxia (Pinelliae Tuber) seedlings containing toxins; recover by resolving toxicity with Jiangzhi (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens Juice).
Yawning and stretching causing temporomandibular joint dislocation, with the mouth open and unable to close: Drunk the patient with wine, wait for sleep, blow Zaojiao Mo (Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus Powder) into the nose; sneezing will restore alignment.