神有余、神不足，气有余、气不足，血有余、血不足，形有余、形不足，志有余、志不足。以上这十种情况，其体内的气机状态是不平衡的。
脉象上部虚、尺部（手腕内侧近腕横纹处）虚，这叫做“重虚”（双重虚弱）。
阳气在下部衰微，就会发生寒厥（四肢逆冷的病证）；阴气在下部衰微，就会发生热厥（四肢发热或内热的病证）。
五天称为一个“候”，五个“候”称为一个“气”（节气），六个“气”称为一个“时”（季节），四个“时”称为一年。
天气与肺相通，地气与咽喉相通，风气与肝相通，雷气与心相通，谷气（水谷精微之气）与脾相通，两气（指阴阳二气或天地清气）与肾相通。肠胃如同大海，九窍（眼、耳、鼻、口及前后二阴）是水液代谢的通道。
五脏的气都依赖胃气，胃是五脏的根本。脏腑之气不能自行到达手太阴肺经，必须借助于胃气。
天有四季和五行，具有生长收藏的特性，从而产生寒、暑、燥、湿、风六种气候；人有五脏，化生五气，从而产生喜、怒、忧、悲、恐五种情志。所以，喜怒等情志会损伤气机，寒暑等外邪会损伤形体；暴怒会损伤阴分，暴喜会损伤阳分。
清晨时分，人气开始生发；中午时分，阳气最旺盛；傍晚时分，阳气已虚，腠理闭合。因此，傍晚时要收敛正气，避免抗拒外邪，不要扰动筋骨，不要暴露于雾露之中。如果违背了这两个时辰（晨起宜动、暮时宜静）的规律，身体就会困乏薄弱。
春天受风邪侵袭，邪气留滞不去，就会变成洞泄（严重的腹泻），这是因为木气过胜克制脾土的缘故；夏天受暑邪侵袭，到了秋天就会发生疟疾；秋天受湿邪侵袭，湿气上逆引起咳嗽，进而发展为痿厥（肢体萎软无力且逆冷）；冬天受寒邪侵袭，到了春天一定会发生温病。四季的气候交替伤害五脏。
心藏神，肺藏魄，肝藏魂，脾藏意，肾藏志。这是五脏所藏的精神活动。
长时间用眼会耗伤血液，长时间躺卧会耗伤气，长时间坐着会损伤肌肉，长时间站立会损伤骨骼，长时间行走会损伤筋腱。这就是对五脏及其所主的形体组织的伤害。
肝脉像琴弦一样端直而长，心脉像钩子一样来盛去衰，脾脉代止（节律不齐或有间歇），肺脉像羽毛一样轻浮，肾脉像石头一样沉实。这是五脏的正常脉象。
酸味入肝，辛味入肺，苦味入心，咸味入肾，甘味入脾。这是五味对五脏的归属。
心厌恶热，肺厌恶寒，肝厌恶风，脾厌恶湿，肾厌恶燥。这是五脏的厌恶特性。
五脏化生的体液：心化为汗，肝化为泪，肺化为涕，脾化为涎，肾化为唾。这是五液。
心主司血脉，肺主司皮毛，肝主司筋腱，脾主司肌肉，肾主司骨骼。这是五脏所主的形体组织。
辛味走气，患气病的不要多吃辛味食物；咸味走血，患血病的不要多吃咸味食物；苦味走骨，患骨病的不要多吃苦味食物；甘味走肉，患肉病的不要多吃甘味食物；酸味走筋，患筋病的不要多吃酸味食物。这是五禁。
饮食过饱，汗出源于胃；受惊吓导致精气耗夺，汗出源于心；负重远行，汗出源于肾；急速奔跑伴随恐惧，汗出源于肝；身体摇晃劳作辛苦，汗出源于脾。
When Shen (Spirit) is in excess or deficiency, Qi (Vital Energy) is in excess or deficiency, Blood is in excess or deficiency, Xing (Form/Structure) is in excess or deficiency, and Zhi (Willpower) is in excess or deficiency. These ten conditions indicate that the body's Qi dynamics are unbalanced.
Deficiency of pulse Qi in the upper position and deficiency at the Chi position (the distal part of the radial pulse near the wrist crease) constitute "Chong Xu" (Double Deficiency).
Decline of Yang Qi in the lower part leads to Han Jue (Cold Reversal Syndrome, characterized by cold extremities); decline of Yin Qi in the lower part leads to Re Jue (Heat Reversal Syndrome, characterized by internal heat or warm extremities).
Five days constitute one Hou (Observation Period); five Hou constitute one Qi (Solar Term); six Qi constitute one Shi (Season); four Shi constitute a year.
Heavenly Qi connects with the Lung; Earthly Qi connects with the throat; Wind Qi connects with the Liver; Thunder Qi connects with the Heart; Grain Qi (Qi derived from food and water) connects with the Spleen; Two Qi (Yin and Yang or Pure Qi of Heaven and Earth) connect with the Kidney. The intestines and stomach are like the great sea; the nine orifices (eyes, ears, nose, mouth, and two excretory openings) are the pathways for fluid metabolism.
The Qi of the Five Zang Organs all depends on Stomach Qi; the Stomach is the root of the Five Zang Organs. The Qi of the organs cannot reach the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian on its own but must rely on Stomach Qi.
Heaven has Four Seasons and Five Elements, possessing characteristics of growth, flourishing, harvesting, and storing, which generate Cold, Heat, Dryness, Dampness, and Wind. Humans have Five Zang Organs that transform into Five Qi, generating Joy, Anger, Worry, Grief, and Fear. Thus, emotions such as joy and anger damage Qi; external pathogens such as cold and heat damage the Form; sudden anger damages Yin; sudden joy damages Yang.
At dawn, Human Qi begins to rise; at noon, Yang Qi is at its peak; in the evening, Yang Qi is declining, and the pores close. Therefore, in the evening, one should conserve and reject external pathogens, avoid disturbing the sinews and bones, and avoid exposure to fog and dew. Violating the rhythms of these two times (activity in the morning, rest in the evening) leads to physical exhaustion and weakness.
Injury by Wind in Spring causes pathogenic factors to linger, resulting in Dong Xie (severe diarrhea), because Wood overacts on Spleen Earth. Injury by Summer Heat in Summer leads to Nue Ji (Malaria) in Autumn. Injury by Dampness in Autumn causes Qi to rebel upward leading to cough, developing into Wei Jue (Flaccidity and Reversal Syndrome). Injury by Cold in Winter leads to Wen Bing (Warm Diseases) in Spring. The Qi of the four seasons alternately injures the Five Zang Organs.
The Heart stores Shen (Spirit); the Lung stores Po (Corporeal Soul); the Liver stores Hun (Ethereal Soul); the Spleen stores Yi (Intellect); the Kidney stores Zhi (Willpower). These are what the Five Zang Organs store.
Prolonged viewing damages Blood; prolonged lying down damages Qi; prolonged sitting damages flesh/muscles; prolonged standing damages bones; prolonged walking damages sinews/tendons. These are injuries to the Five Zang Organs and their associated structures.
The Liver pulse is Xian (Wiry/String-taut); the Heart pulse is Gou (Hook-like/Come strong, go weak); the Spleen pulse is Dai (Intermittent/Regular pause); the Lung pulse is Mao (Feather-like/Light and floating); the Kidney pulse is Shi (Stone-like/Deep and firm). These are the pulses of the Five Zang Organs.
Sour enters the Liver; Pungent enters the Lung; Bitter enters the Heart; Salty enters the Kidney; Sweet enters the Spleen. This is the "Five Entrances."
The Heart dislikes Heat; the Lung dislikes Cold; the Liver dislikes Wind; the Spleen dislikes Dampness; the Kidney dislikes Dryness. This is the "Five Dislikes."
The fluids transformed by the Five Zang Organs: Heart transforms into Sweat; Liver transforms into Tears; Lung transforms into Nasal Mucus; Spleen transforms into Saliva (thin saliva); Kidney transforms into Thick Saliva. These are the Five Fluids.
The Heart governs the Vessels; the Lung governs the Skin and Hair; the Liver governs the Sinews/Tendons; the Spleen governs the Muscles/Flesh; the Kidney governs the Bones. These are the Five Governing functions.
Pungent moves Qi; do not eat much pungent food when suffering from Qi diseases. Salty moves Blood; do not eat much salty food when suffering from Blood diseases. Bitter moves to the Bones; do not eat much bitter food when suffering from Bone diseases. Sweet moves to the Flesh; do not eat much sweet food when suffering from Flesh diseases. Sour moves to the Sinews/Tendons; do not eat much sour food when suffering from Sinew diseases. These are the Five Prohibitions.
Excessive fullness from diet causes sweat originating from the Stomach; shock causing loss of Jing (Essence) causes sweat originating from the Heart; carrying heavy loads and traveling far causes sweat originating from the Kidney; rapid running combined with fear causes sweat originating from the Liver; bodily swaying and arduous labor causes sweat originating from the Spleen.