《九江黄父相痈疽论》黄帝问于歧伯曰∶余闻肠胃受谷，上焦出气，以温分肉而养骨节
通腠理。中焦出气如雾，上注溪谷而渗孙脉，津液和调，变化赤而为血，血和则孙脉先满，
乃注于络脉；络脉皆盈，乃注于经脉。阴阳已张，因息乃行，行有纲纪，周有道理，与天合
同，不得休止。切而调之，从虚去实，泻则不足，疾则气减，留之先后，从实去虚，补则有
余，血气已调，形神乃持。余已知血气之平与不平，未知痈疽之所从生。成败之时，死生之
期，或有远近，何以度之可得闻乎？歧伯曰∶经脉流行不止，与天同度，与地合纪，故天宿
失度，日月薄蚀，地经失纪，水道流溢，草芦不成，五谷不植，径路不通，民不往来，巷聚
邑居，别离异处。血气犹然，请言其故。夫血脉荣卫固流不休，上应星宿，上应经数，寒气
客于经络之中则血泣。血泣则不通，不通则卫气归之不得复反，故痈肿也。寒气化为热，热
胜则肉腐，肉腐则为脓，脓不泻则烂筋，筋烂则伤骨，骨伤则髓消。不当骨空，骨空不得泄
泻，则筋骨枯虚，枯虚则筋骨肌肉不相营（一作亲），经脉败漏重于五脏，脏伤，故死矣。
方一首
黄帝曰∶愿尽闻痈疽之形与忌日名。歧伯曰∶略说痈疽极者有十八种。
痈发于咽中，名曰猛疽。不急治则化为脓，脓不泻塞咽，半日而死。其化为脓者脓泻已
，则含豕膏，无食三日，已（一云无冷食。）
发于颈，名曰夭疽，其疽大而赤黑，不急治则热气下入渊腋，前伤任脉，内熏肝肺，则
十余日而死。
阳气大发消脑流项，名曰脑烁疽，其色不乐（一作余），项痛如刺以针，心烦者死不可
治
发于肩及 名曰疵疽，其状赤黑，不急治，此令人汗出至足，不害五脏，发四五日逆
KT
发于腋下赤坚者，名曰朱疽，治之用砭石，欲细而长疏启之，涂以豕膏，六日已，勿衰
（衰一作裹），其疽坚而不溃者，为马刀挟婴，急治之。
发于胸，名曰井疽，其状如大豆，三四日起不早治，下入腹中，不治七日死。
发于膺，名曰甘疽，其状如谷实栝蒌，常苦寒热，急治之，去其寒热，不治十岁死，死
后脓自出。
发于胁，名曰改訾。改訾者女子之病也，久之其状大痈，脓其中，乃有生肉，大如赤小
豆，治之方∶
翅草及根各一斗，以水一斗六升煮取二升，即强饮浓衣坐釜上，令汗出足已。
发于股 ，名曰股脱疽，其状不甚变色，痈脓内搏于骨，不急活，三十日死。
发于股阴，名曰赤弛。不急治六十日死。在两股内者，不治。六日死。
发于尻，名曰锐疽，其状赤坚大，急治之，不治三十日死。
发于膝，名曰疵疽，其状大，痈色不变，寒热而坚，勿石之，石之即死，须其色异柔，
乃石之，生也。
诸痈发于节而相应者，不可治也。
发于阳者百日死。
发于阴者三十日死（一云四十日死。）
发于胫，名曰兔齿，其状如赤豆，至骨不急治，杀人。
发于踝名曰走缓，其状色不变，数石其输而止其寒热，不死。
发于足上下名曰四淫，其状大痈，不急治，百日死。
发于足旁名曰疠疽，其状不大，初从小指发，急治之，去其黑者，不消辄益，不治，百
日死。
发于足指名曰脱复疽，其状赤黑则死，不赤黑不死，治之不衰，急斩去之，活也，不斩
去者，死。
黄帝曰∶夫子言痈疽何以别之？歧伯曰∶荣气稽留于经脉之中，则血泣而不行，不行则
卫气归之，归之而不通，壅遏不得行，故曰热。大热不止，热胜则肉腐，肉腐则为脓。然不
能陷肌肤于骨髓，骨髓不为焦枯，五脏不为伤，故命曰痈。何谓疽，答曰∶热气纯盛，下陷
肌肤筋髓骨肉，内连五脏，血气竭尽，当其痈下筋骨良肉皆无余，故命曰疽。疽者其上皮天
瘀以坚，如牛领之皮，痈者，其上皮薄以泽，此其候也。黄帝曰∶善。
帝曰∶有疽死者奈何？歧伯曰∶身有五部，伏兔一，腓二一云缚。背三，五脏之输四，
项五，五部有疽，死也。
帝曰∶身形应九宫奈何？歧伯曰∶请言身形应九野。
左足应立春其日戊寅己丑。
左胸应春分其日己卯。
左手应立夏其日戊辰己巳。
膺喉头首应夏至其日丙午。
左手应立秋其日戊申己未。
右胸应秋分其日辛酉。
左足应立冬其日戊戍己亥。
腰尻下穷应冬至其日壬子。
六腑及膈下二脏，应中州大禁太一所在之日及诸戊巳也。
凡候此九者，善侯八正所在之处，所主左右上下体体有痈肿者欲治之。无以其所直之日
溃治之，是谓天忌日也。
凡五子日夜半 五丑日鸡鸣
五寅日平旦 五卯日日出
五辰日食时 五巳日禺中
五午日日中 五未日日
五申日晡时 五酉日日入
五戍日黄昏 五亥日人定
上以此日时遇疾发痈者，不起也。
《九江黄父相痈疽论》黄帝向歧伯问道：我听说肠胃受纳水谷，上焦宣发卫气，用以温煦肌肉、滋养骨节并通达腠理。中焦化生的气像雾露一样，向上灌注到溪谷（肌肉纹理间隙）并渗入孙脉（最细小的络脉），津液调和，变化为赤色而成血液；血液调和则孙脉先充盈，然后注入络脉；络脉都充盈后，再注入经脉。阴阳之气已经张盛，随着呼吸而运行，运行有纲纪，循环有条理，与天地自然相合，永不停止。诊察并调理气血，应从虚证处补益，从实证处泻除；泻法则使邪气不足，疾速施治则气机衰减；留针时间的先后，应根据实证或虚证来调整，补法则使正气有余。血气已经调和，形体与精神才能保持平衡。我已经了解了血气的平和与不平和，但还不知道痈疽是如何产生的。其预后成败的时间、死生的期限，有的远有的近，如何判断呢？希望能听您讲讲。
歧伯回答说：经脉中的气血流行不止，与天体的度数相同，与大地的规律相合。所以如果天上的星宿失去常度，日月发生亏蚀；大地上的河流失去常规，水道泛滥，草木不成，五谷不种，道路不通，百姓不能往来，村落城邑分离，各自居住。人体的血气运行也是如此，请让我说明其中的缘故。血脉和营卫之气本来流动不息，上对应星宿的运行，上符合经络的数理。寒气侵入经络之中，就会导致血液凝涩。血液凝涩则不通畅，不通畅则卫气聚集于此而不能返回，因此形成痈肿。寒气转化为热，热邪亢盛则肌肉腐败，肌肉腐败则化为脓液，脓液如果不排出则会烂筋，筋烂伤及骨骼，骨伤则骨髓消减。如果不在骨空处泄泻脓毒，骨空得不到排泄，则筋骨枯虚，枯虚则筋骨肌肉不相亲附（一说为相亲），经脉败坏渗漏进而重伤五脏，脏气受损，所以就会死亡。
方剂一首：
黄帝说：我希望详尽了解痈疽的形态和禁忌日期名称。歧伯说：简略地说，极重的痈疽有十八种。
痈发生在咽喉中间，名叫猛疽。如果不及时治疗就会化为脓，脓液如果不排出堵塞咽喉，半天就会死亡。如果已经化为脓，排脓之后，含服猪油膏，三天内不要进食（一说不要吃冷食）。
痈发生在颈部，名叫夭疽，这种疽大而颜色红黑，如果不及时治疗，热气向下进入渊腋穴附近，向前损伤任脉，向内熏蒸肝肺，那么十多天后就会死亡。
阳气大发，消耗脑髓流注于项部，名叫脑烁疽，患者面色不乐（一说为余），项部疼痛如针刺，心烦意乱的，属于死症，不可治疗。
痈发生在肩部和...（原文此处缺字，推测为臂或特定部位），名叫疵疽，症状是红黑色，如果不及时治疗，会导致汗出至足，但不伤害五脏，发病四五日后出现逆证...（原文此处有残缺符号KT）。
痈发生在腋下且红肿坚硬的，名叫朱疽，治疗时用砭石，砭石要细而长，稀疏地刺破患处，涂上猪油膏，六天痊愈，不要包扎（一说为裹），如果这种疽坚硬而不溃破的，称为马刀挟瘿，必须紧急治疗。
痈发生在胸部，名叫井疽，症状像大豆大小，三四天起病如果不早治疗，会下行进入腹中，不治疗七天就会死亡。
痈发生在胸膺部，名叫甘疽，症状像谷实栝楼，常常苦于寒热交替，必须紧急治疗，去除寒热症状，如果不治疗，十年后死亡，死后脓液自行流出。
痈发生在胁部，名叫改訾。改訾是女子的疾病，时间久了症状变成大痈，里面有脓，甚至长出肉芽，大小如赤小豆。治疗方法如下：
用翅草及其根各一斗，用水一斗六升煮取二升药汁，立即趁热喝下，穿厚衣服坐在锅上，让脚部出汗直到汗止。
痈发生在股部外侧，名叫股脱疽，症状颜色变化不明显，痈脓内迫于骨，如果不及时救治，三十天死亡。
痈发生在股内侧，名叫赤弛。如果不及时治疗，六十天死亡。如果在两股内侧发生的，不治疗，六天死亡。
痈发生在臀部，名叫锐疽，症状红黑坚硬肿大，必须紧急治疗，不治疗三十天死亡。
痈发生在膝部，名叫疵疽，症状肿大，痈色不变，伴有寒热且坚硬，不要用砭石刺破，刺破即死，必须等到颜色改变变软时，再用砭石刺破，这样能生还。
各种痈发生在关节处且左右相应的，不可治疗。
发生在阳分（体表/上部）的，一百天死亡。
痈发生在小腿胫部，名叫兔齿，症状像赤豆，深入至骨，不治疗会杀人。
痈发生在踝部，名叫走缓，症状颜色不变，多次刺破其输穴以停止寒热，不会死亡。
痈发生在足上下方，名叫四淫，症状为大痈，不治疗，一百天死亡。
痈发生在足旁侧，名叫疠疽，症状不大，起初从小指发起，必须紧急治疗，去除黑色的坏死组织，如果不消退反而增加，不治疗，一百天死亡。
痈发生在足趾，名叫脱复疽，症状红黑的会死，不红黑的不会死，治疗若不消散，必须紧急切除，这样可以活命，不切除的会死。
黄帝说：先生所说的痈疽，如何区分它们？歧伯说：营气滞留于经脉之中，导致血液凝涩不行，血液不行则卫气归聚于此，归聚后不通畅，壅塞阻碍不能运行，所以产生热感。大热不止，热邪亢盛则肌肉腐败，肌肉腐败则化为脓。但是热邪不能陷进肌肤至骨髓，骨髓不被烧焦枯干，五脏不受损伤，所以命名为痈。什么是疽？回答说：热气纯盛，向下陷进肌肤、筋髓、骨肉，向内连及五脏，血气枯竭殆尽，当痈疽发生时，筋骨良肉都被破坏无余，所以命名为疽。疽的皮肤表面瘀滞坚硬，像牛颈部的皮；痈的皮肤表面薄而有光泽，这是它们的征候。黄帝说：好。
帝问：有疽死亡的案例是怎样的？歧伯说：身体有五部，伏兔穴部位是一，腓肠肌部位是二（一说为缚），背部是三，五脏俞穴部位是四，项部是五。这五部如果有疽，都会死亡。
左足对应立春，日期是戊寅、己丑日。
左胸对应春分，日期是己卯日。
左手对应立夏，日期是戊辰、己巳日。
胸膺、喉咙、头部对应夏至，日期是丙午日。
左手对应立秋，日期是戊申、己未日。（注：原文此处“左手”疑有误，通常应为右手，但依原文翻译）
右胸对应秋分，日期是辛酉日。
左足对应立冬，日期是戊戌、己亥日。（注：原文此处“左足”与前文立春重复，可能指另一侧或原文传抄错误，依原文翻译）
腰尻及下部对应冬至，日期是壬子日。
六腑及膈下的两个脏器，对应中州，太一神所在之日以及所有的戊日和己日是禁忌日。
凡是观察这九处的情况，善于观察八正（二分二至及四立）所在的方位，所主司的左右上下身体部位如果有痈肿想要治疗它。不要在它所对应的直日进行溃破治疗，这叫做天忌日。
凡是甲子日夜半，乙丑日鸡鸣，
丙寅日平旦，丁卯日日出，
戊辰日食时，己巳日禺中，
庚午日日中，辛未日日昳，
壬申日晡时，癸酉日日入，
甲戌日黄昏，乙亥日人定。
在这些日子时辰遇到疾病发作痈疽的，治不好（不起也）。
*Jiangjiu Huangfu Xiang Yongju Lun* (Discussion on the Appearance of Carbuncles and Ulcers by Huangfu of Jiangjiu) The Yellow Emperor asked Qibo: I have heard that the intestines and stomach receive grain, the Upper Jiao (Upper Burner) releases Qi to warm the muscles, nourish the joints, and penetrate the interstices. The Qi generated by the Middle Jiao (Middle Burner) is like mist, flowing upward into the muscle clefts (Xigu) and seeping into the Sun vessels (the finest collateral vessels). When the body fluids are harmonious, they transform into red blood. When the blood is harmonious, the Sun vessels fill first, then flow into the Luo vessels; when the Luo vessels are full, they flow into the Jing vessels (Main Vessels). Yin and Yang Qi are fully expanded and move with respiration. This movement has its principles and cycles according to reason, conforming to Heaven and Earth, never ceasing. By palpating and regulating it, one should tonify deficiency and drain excess. Draining reduces excess; rapid treatment reduces Qi stagnation. Retaining the needle for varying durations depends on whether treating excess or deficiency. Tonifying ensures sufficiency. Once the Qi and Blood are regulated, the form and spirit are maintained. I already understand the balance and imbalance of Qi and Blood, but I do not know how carbuncles and ulcers arise. Regarding their prognosis, timing of success or failure, and periods of life and death, which may be near or far, how can we estimate them? Please explain.
Qibo replied: The circulation of Qi and Blood in the meridians never stops, corresponding to the degrees of Heaven and the records of Earth. Therefore, if celestial bodies lose their order, causing eclipses of the sun and moon; or if earthly rivers lose their course, overflowing channels, failing to grow grass and reeds, preventing the planting of grains, blocking paths, and isolating villages and cities—so too does the circulation of Qi and Blood. Let me explain the cause. The blood vessels, Ying (Nutritive) Qi, and Wei (Defensive) Qi flow incessantly, corresponding above to the stars and below to the numerical order of the meridians. When cold pathogen invades the meridians, the blood becomes stagnant. Stagnant blood leads to obstruction; obstruction causes Wei Qi to gather there and return no longer, thus forming a swelling (Yong). Cold transforms into heat. When heat prevails, flesh rots; rotted flesh becomes pus. If pus is not drained, tendons rot; rotten tendons damage bones; damaged bones lead to marrow depletion. If not drained at the bone cavities, the cavities cannot excrete, leading to dryness and deficiency of bones and tendons. Dryness and deficiency cause bones, tendons, muscles, and flesh to lose mutual support. Meridians fail and leak, severely damaging the Zang organs. Damage to the Zang organs leads to death.
One Formula:
The Yellow Emperor said: I wish to hear completely about the forms of carbuncles and ulcers and their taboo days. Qibo said: Briefly speaking, there are eighteen types of extreme carbuncles and ulcers.
A carbuncle occurring in the middle of the throat is called Mengju (Fierce Ju). If not treated urgently, it turns to pus. If pus is not drained and blocks the throat, death occurs within half a day. If it has turned to pus, after draining, hold pig fat ointment in the mouth. Do not eat for three days (some say avoid cold food).
A carbuncle occurring in the neck is called Taoju (Premature Death Ju). It is large, red, and black. If not treated urgently, heat qi descends into the Yuanye area, damages the Ren Mai (Conception Vessel) anteriorly, and internally steams the Liver and Lungs. Death occurs in more than ten days.
Excessive expansion of Yang Qi depletes the brain and flows to the nape, called Nao Shuo Ju (Brain Melting Ju). The complexion is unhappy (or lingering), the nape hurts as if pierced by a needle. If the patient is vexed, it is a fatal condition and untreatable.
A carbuncle occurring in the shoulder and [missing character] is called Ci Ju. Its appearance is red and black. If not treated urgently, it causes sweating down to the feet. It does not harm the Zang organs. After four or five days, adverse signs appear... [text fragment].
A carbuncle occurring in the armpit that is red and hard is called Zhu Ju (Vermilion Ju). Treat with bi stone (lithotripsy stone). The stone should be fine and long, pricking sparsely. Apply pig fat ointment. Recovery in six days. Do not bind (or wrap). If the carbuncle is hard and does not suppurate, it is called Ma Dao Jia Ying (Scimitar Knife with Goiter). Treat urgently.
A carbuncle occurring in the chest is called Jing Ju (Well Ju). Its appearance is like a soybean. If not treated early within three or four days, it descends into the abdomen. Untreated, death occurs in seven days.
A carbuncle occurring in the chest wall (Ying) is called Gan Ju (Sweet Ju). Its appearance is like a melon seed. The patient often suffers from alternating chills and fever. Treat urgently to remove chills and fever. Untreated, death occurs in ten years, with spontaneous discharge of pus after death.
A carbuncle occurring in the hypochondrium is called Gai Zi. Gai Zi is a disease of women. After a long time, it becomes a large carbuncle with pus inside, sometimes growing meat-like tissue the size of a red bean. Treatment formula:
Use Yi Cao (Euphorbia humifusa) and its roots, one dou each. Boil in one dan six sheng of water to obtain two sheng of decoction. Drink it strongly while wearing thick clothes, sitting over a pot to induce sweating until the feet sweat.
A carbuncle occurring in the lateral thigh is called Gu Tuo Ju. The color change is not obvious. The pus presses internally against the bone. If not treated urgently, death occurs in thirty days.
A carbuncle occurring in the medial thigh is called Chi Chi. If not treated urgently, death occurs in sixty days. If occurring in both medial thighs, untreated, death occurs in six days.
A carbuncle occurring in the buttocks is called Rui Ju. It is red, hard, and large. Treat urgently. Untreated, death occurs in thirty days.
A carbuncle occurring in the knee is called Ci Ju. It is large, the color does not change, accompanied by chills and fever, and is hard. Do not prick with bi stone; pricking leads to death. Wait until the color changes and it becomes soft, then prick with bi stone for survival.
Any carbuncle occurring at a joint and corresponding on both sides is untreatable.
Those occurring in Yang areas die in one hundred days.
Those occurring in Yin areas die in thirty days (some say forty days).
A carbuncle occurring in the tibia is called Tu Chi (Rabbit Tooth). It looks like a red bean, reaches the bone. Untreated, it kills.
A carbuncle occurring in the ankle is called Zou Huan. The color does not change. Prick its Shu points repeatedly to stop chills and fever. No death.
A carbuncle occurring above and below the foot is called Si Yin. It is a large carbuncle. Untreated, death occurs in one hundred days.
A carbuncle occurring on the side of the foot is called Li Ju. It is not large, initially starting from the little toe. Treat urgently. Remove the black necrotic tissue. If it does not subside and increases, untreated, death occurs in one hundred days.
A carbuncle occurring on the toe is called Tuo Fu Ju. If red and black, death ensues; if not red and black, no death. If treatment fails to resolve it, amputate urgently to survive. If not amputated, death ensues.
The Yellow Emperor said: How do you distinguish between carbuncles and ulcers? Qibo said: When Ying Qi stagnates in the meridians, blood becomes stagnant and does not flow. Non-flowing blood causes Wei Qi to gather there. Gathering without passage leads to blockage and inability to move, thus generating heat. Persistent high heat, when heat prevails, flesh rots; rotted flesh becomes pus. However, it cannot sink into the skin and bone marrow, nor does it scorch the marrow or damage the Zang organs. Thus it is named Carbuncle (Yong). What is an Ulcer (Ju)? Answer: Pure and excessive heat sinks into the skin, muscles, sinews, marrow, and bones, connecting internally to the Zang organs. Qi and Blood are exhausted. When the lesion occurs, the good flesh of sinews and bones is completely destroyed. Thus it is named Ulcer (Ju). The skin of a Ju is dark, stagnant, and hard, like the skin of an ox's neck. The skin of a Yong is thin and lustrous. These are their signs. The Yellow Emperor said: Good.
The Emperor asked: How does one die from a Ju? Qibo said: There are five parts of the body: Futu (ST32) is one, the calf (Fei) is two (some say Fu), the back is three, the Shu points of the Five Zang organs are four, and the neck is five. If a Ju occurs in any of these five parts, death ensues.
The Emperor asked: How does the body correspond to the Nine Palaces? Qibo said: Let me explain how the body corresponds to the Nine Fields.
The left foot corresponds to Start of Spring (Lichun), on days Wuyin and Jichou.
The left chest corresponds to Spring Equinox (Chunfen), on day Jimao.
The left hand corresponds to Start of Summer (Lixia), on days Wuchen and Jisi.
The chest, throat, head, and neck correspond to Summer Solstice (Xiazhi), on day Bingwu.
The left hand corresponds to Start of Autumn (Liqiu), on days Wushen and Jiwei. *(Note: Text says Left Hand, likely error for Right)*
The right chest corresponds to Autumn Equinox (Qiufen), on day Xinyou.
The left foot corresponds to Start of Winter (Lidong), on days Wuxu and Jihai. *(Note: Text repeats Left Foot)*
The waist, buttocks, and lower extremities correspond to Winter Solstice (Dongzhi), on day Renzi.
The Six Fu organs and the two Zang organs below the diaphragm correspond to the Central Region. The days when Taiyi resides, and all Wu (Earthly Branches associated with Earth/Stomach/Spleen context in some systems, here referring to Heavenly Stems Wu and Ji) and Ji days are forbidden.
When observing these nine areas, one should observe the locations of the Eight Normals (Solstices and Equinoxes plus Start of Four Seasons). If there is a swelling in the corresponding left/right/upper/lower body part to be treated, do not perform incision/drainage on the day directly corresponding to that location. This is called the Heavenly Taboo Day.
Regarding the Five Zi days:
Zi hour (Night Midpoint): Wu Zi day.
Chou hour (Rooster Crow): Wu Chou day.
Yin hour (Daybreak): Wu Yin day.
Mao hour (Sunrise): Wu Mao day.
Chen hour (Meal Time): Wu Chen day.
Si hour (Late Morning): Wu Si day.
Wu hour (Noon): Wu Wu day.
Wei hour (Afternoon): Wu Wei day.
Shen hour (Afternoon Meal): Wu Shen day.
You hour (Sunset): Wu You day.
Xu hour (Twilight): Wu Xu day.
Hai hour (Human Rest): Wu Hai day.
If a carbuncle arises during these days and hours, the patient will not recover.