《异法方宜论》∶野处乳食，脏寒生满病，其法宜灸 ，故灸 者，亦从北方来。王太
仆注
∶水寒冰冽，故生病于脏寒也。火艾烧灼，谓之灸 。《玉机真脏论》∶或痹不仁，肿痛，
当是之时，可烫熨及火灸刺而去之。又曰∶筋脉相引而急病，可灸可药。《素问》言灸者不
胜数。灸法分补泻，以火补者，母吹其火，须待自灭。以火泻者，速吹其火，开其穴也。其
用火也，宜清麻油灯火，或素蜡烛火。其用艾叶也，宜五月五日采曝干，陈久者良。入臼捣
细，筛去尘屑，再入臼捣，取洁白为止。须令极干，经火易燃。艾团分大小，灸面、炷宜小
，灸胸腹手足，炷大如箸。若小儿周岁后，炷如雀粪则可。其壮数多寡也，灸头项止于七壮
，积至七七壮止。此外积至百壮，或五十壮，此曹氏灸法也。岂必如扁鹊三五百壮以及成千
壮哉。其取穴也，坐点穴则坐灸，卧点穴则卧灸，立点穴则立灸，须四体正直为要。如稍有
倾侧，徒伤好肉耳。其灸后调摄也，不可饮茶，恐解火气。不可啖饭，恐滞经气。须少停一
二时，入室静卧，平心定气，切忌色欲浓味，大怒大劳，大饥大饱，恐生痰涎，阻滞病气，
因灸而反致害者此也。是亦灸法之所预防者尔。
一、灸尺泽。尺泽在肘中约纹上，动脉中，屈肘肘横纹筋骨罅陷中。灸七壮，治小儿慢
惊风。(《按摩经》)
一、灸长强。长强督脉之别络，脊 骨端，计三分，伏地取之。足少阴少阳之会。灸三
十壮，治小儿癫痫 瘕。(《按摩经》)
一、灸神庭。神庭在直鼻上，入发际五分，足太阳督脉之会。灸七壮，治小儿癫痫惊风
。(《按摩经》)
一、灸少商。少商在大指甲角韭叶许，灸七壮，治五痫。(周于蕃)
一、灸十一椎下两旁，相去各一寸五分。灸七壮，治小儿胁满，四肢不收， 癖积聚，
腹痛不嗜食，并治 疟寒热黄胆等证。（《按摩经》)
一、灸尾闾骨上三寸陷中，治小儿疳瘦，诸方不瘥者。
宜在三伏日内，用杨叶煎沸汤浴之。正午时灸，灸后帛拭，见有疳虫随汗即出。(《针
一、灸章门。在大横外，直季胁肋端， 脐上二寸，两旁六寸，侧卧，屈上足伸下足举
之。又云∶肘尖尽处是穴。灸七壮，治小儿身瘦腹胀，四肢懈惰，肩臂不举。(《大成》)
一、灸中庭。中庭在膻中下一寸六分陷中。灸三壮，治小儿吐奶。(《大成》)
一、灸龟尾。(穴注上。)灸一壮，治脱肛泻血，秋深不效者。(《大成》)
一、灸脐中三壮。《千金方》随病者年岁若干，灸若干壮。亦治脱肛。(《大成》)
一、灸百会。百会在顶中央旋毛中，可容豆，直两耳尖。灸七壮，治中风角弓反张，涎
一、灸鬼哭穴。以病者两手大指并缚之，用艾炷于两甲角，并甲后肉骑缝四处火灸，则
病者哀告我自去为效。是治鬼魅狐惑者。(《大成》)
一、灸足两大指内，去甲一韭叶许，治卒死暴绝鬼魇者。(《大成》)
一、灸十四椎下，两旁各开三寸，是为精宫穴。灸七壮，专治梦遗。 (《大成》)
一、灸鬼眼穴。令病者举手向上，略转后些，则腰上有两陷可见是也。以墨点记，于六
月癸亥夜亥时灸，勿令人知。专治痨虫，或四花、膏盲、肺俞亦可。(《大成》)
一、灸十三椎下，各开三寸半，治痞块，多灸左边，如左右俱有，左右俱灸。(《大成
一、灸足第二指歧叉处，五七壮。治有痞块者，左患灸右，右患灸左，灸后，即是夕腹
一、灸肘尖，治瘰 。左患灸右，右患灸左。(《大成》)
一、灸乳后三寸，或两大拇指头。男左女右。治尸疰客忤中恶等症。(《大成》)
一、灸左右手面中指节宛宛中，七壮。治赘疣诸痣。(《大成》)
一、灸两手大指缝，或足二指上一寸半，治肿满。(《大成》)
一、灸治偏坠者，用HT 心一条，量病者口两角为准，折为三段如△字样，以一角安脐
，两角安脐下两旁，尖尽处是穴。左患灸右，右患灸左，左右俱患，左右俱灸，艾炷如粟米
一、灸足大指次指中节横纹当中处，四十壮。治疝痛，心痛，小腹急痛。(《大成》)
按∶病宜灸者甚多，就目前常用者略举一二。然其中有宜灸亦有禁灸者。(《针灸大成
书不可不读也。第古人灸法，用艾置肤上，以火燃之，恰受炮烙之伤，病者见之皆惧，不如
用生姜切片，以艾燃温，置穴上，一经烙痛，即将姜片艾火撤去，庶免痛苦，较古法为尤精
。是说亦本之先贤，今时皆遵之。(惕厉子)
《素问·异法方宜论》记载：居住在野外，饮食以乳类为主，容易导致内脏受寒而产生胀满病证，治疗这类疾病适宜采用灸法，所以灸法也是从北方传来的。王冰（王太仆）注释说：因为水冰地冻、寒冷刺骨，所以疾病产生于内脏受寒。用火艾燃烧灼烧皮肤，称为灸。《素问·玉机真脏论》记载：如果是痹症导致的不仁、肿痛，在这个时候，可以用烫熨和火灸、针刺的方法来祛除病邪。又说：如果筋脉相互牵引而拘急疼痛，可以采用灸法和药物治疗。《素问》中关于灸法的论述数不胜数。
灸法分为补法和泻法。用灸法进行补益时，不要吹火，让艾火自然熄灭；用灸法进行泻实时，要快速吹火，并开放穴位。使用艾火时，适宜使用清麻油灯芯的火，或者素蜡烛的火。使用艾叶时，适宜在五月五日采集并晒干，陈年久存的艾叶效果最好。将艾叶放入臼中捣碎，筛去灰尘杂质，再放入臼中捣，直到取出洁白的艾绒为止。必须让艾绒极度干燥，这样经火后容易燃烧。艾团分大小，灸头面部的艾炷宜小，灸胸腹及手足的，艾炷大如筷子。如果是周岁后的儿童，艾炷如雀粪大小即可。至于施灸壮数的多少，灸头项部止于七壮，累计达到七七四十九壮为止。此外累计达到一百壮，或五十壮，这是曹氏的灸法。哪里一定要像扁鹊那样施灸三五百壮甚至上千壮呢？
取穴时，坐着点穴就坐着灸，躺着点穴就躺着灸，站着点穴就站着灸，必须以四肢端正为重要原则。如果稍有倾斜侧歪，只会白白损伤好肉罢了。灸后的调养护理，不可饮茶，恐怕会解掉火气；不可吃饭，恐怕会阻滞经气。须稍停一二小时，进入室内静卧，平心定气，切忌房事、浓味食物、大怒、过劳、过饥、过饱，恐怕生痰涎，阻滞病气，反而因灸法导致伤害的，就是这个原因。这也是灸法所需要注意预防的事项。
一、灸尺泽穴。尺泽穴在肘横纹上，动脉搏动处，屈肘时肘横纹筋骨间的凹陷中。灸七壮，治疗小儿慢惊风。（出自《按摩经》）
一、灸长强穴。长强是督脉的别络，位于脊骨末端，距离三分，伏地取穴。是足少阴肾经和足少阳胆经的交会穴。灸三十壮，治疗小儿癫痫、瘕积。（出自《按摩经》）
一、灸神庭穴。神庭穴在鼻直上，入发际五分处，是足太阳膀胱经和督脉的交会穴。灸七壮，治疗小儿癫痫、惊风。（出自《按摩经》）
一、灸少商穴。少商穴在大拇指指甲角旁，约韭菜叶宽度处。灸七壮，治疗五种痫证。（周于蕃著）
一、灸第十一椎下两旁，各相距一寸五分。灸七壮，治疗小儿胁肋胀满、四肢不能收持、癖积积聚、腹痛、食欲不振，并治疗疟疾、寒热、黄疸等证候。（出自《按摩经》）
一、灸尾闾骨上三寸的凹陷中，治疗小儿疳积消瘦，其他方药不愈者。适宜在三伏天里，用杨树叶煎沸的水洗浴。正午时施灸，灸后用丝帛擦拭，看见有疳虫随着汗液排出即见效。（出自《针灸大成》，原文此处似有缺漏，依文意补全）
一、灸章门穴。在大横穴外侧，直对季胁肋端，脐上二寸，两旁六寸处。侧卧，屈起上腿伸直下腿举起。又有人说：肘尖尽头处即是此穴。灸七壮，治疗小儿身体消瘦、腹胀、四肢懈怠无力、肩臂不能举抬。（出自《针灸大成》）
一、灸中庭穴。中庭穴在膻中穴下一寸六分的凹陷中。灸三壮，治疗小儿吐奶。（出自《针灸大成》）
一、灸龟尾穴。（穴位注解说在上文。）灸一壮，治疗脱肛、便血，深秋时节施灸无效的。（出自《针灸大成》）
一、灸脐中三壮。《千金方》根据病人的年龄决定灸多少壮，也治疗脱肛。（出自《针灸大成》）
一、灸百会穴。百会穴在头顶中央旋毛中，可容纳一颗豆子，直对两耳尖连线处。灸七壮，治疗中风导致的角弓反张、流涎……（原文此处中断，依文意推测后续为症状描述）
一、灸鬼哭穴。让病人两手大拇指捆绑在一起，用艾炷在两指甲角及指甲后方肉缝的四处施火灸，则病人会哀告说自己要去，以此作为有效。这是治疗鬼魅狐惑病的。（出自《针灸大成》）
一、灸双脚两大脚趾内侧，距离指甲约韭菜叶宽度处，治疗突然死亡、暴绝、鬼压床等症。（出自《针灸大成》）
一、灸第十四椎下，两旁各开三寸处，这就是精宫穴。灸七壮，专门治疗梦遗。（出自《针灸大成》）
一、灸鬼眼穴。让病人举手向上，稍微向后转，则腰上有两个凹陷可见。用墨点标记，在六月癸亥夜的亥时施灸，不要让他人知道。专门治疗痨虫，或者选用四花穴、膏肓穴、肺俞穴也可以。（出自《针灸大成》）
一、灸第十三椎下，各开三寸半处，治疗痞块，多灸左边，如果左右都有，则左右都灸。（出自《针灸大成》）
一、灸足第二脚趾分歧叉处，五到七壮。治疗有痞块的人，左侧患病灸右侧，右侧患病灸左侧，灸完后，当天晚上腹部……（原文此处中断，依文意推测后续为症状缓解描述）
一、灸肘尖穴，治疗瘰疬。左侧患病灸右侧，右侧患病灸左侧。（出自《针灸大成》）
一、灸乳房后方三寸处，或者两大拇指头。男性灸左侧，女性灸右侧。治疗尸疰、客忤、中恶等病症。（出自《针灸大成》）
一、灸左右手背中指节弯曲凹陷处，七壮。治疗赘疣、各种黑痣。（出自《针灸大成》）
一、灸两手大拇指缝隙处，或者足第二脚趾上一寸半处，治疗肿胀满闷。（出自《针灸大成》）
一、灸治偏坠（睾丸肿大下垂）者，用一条HT心（此处疑为“红绳”或特定材料之误，依原文保留HT心，通常指红线或特定线状物），量病人两口角之间的距离为准，折成三段呈三角形字样，以一个角放在脐上，两个角放在脐下两旁，尖端尽头处即为穴位。左侧患病灸右侧，右侧患病灸左侧，左右都患病，左右都灸，艾炷如粟米大小……（原文此处中断）
一、灸足大脚趾和二脚趾中间节的横纹正中处，四十壮。治疗疝痛、心痛、小腹急痛。（出自《针灸大成》）
按语：适宜施灸的病证很多，就目前常用的略举一二。然而其中有适宜灸的也有禁止灸的。（出自《针灸大成》）这本书不可不读。只是古人施灸法，将艾直接置于皮肤上，用火点燃，恰好造成类似炮烙的伤害，病人见了都害怕，不如用生姜切片，将艾燃温后置于穴位上，一经感到烙痛，立即撤去姜片和艾火，这样可以免除痛苦，比古法更为精巧。这种说法也是源自先贤，现在大家都遵循这种方法。（惕厉子）
*Suwen: Yi Fa Fang Yi Lun* (Treatise on Different Methods and Appropriate Therapies According to Regions) records: Those living in the wild, whose diet consists mainly of milk products, are prone to coldness in the internal organs leading to distension and fullness syndromes. The appropriate treatment for such conditions is moxibustion; thus, moxibustion also originated from the North. Wang Bing (Wang Taipu) annotated: Because water freezes and ice is biting cold, diseases arise from coldness in the internal organs. Burning mugwort with fire on the skin is called moxibustion. *Suwen: Yu Ji Zhen Zang Lun* (Treatise on the True Viscera from the Jade Machine) records: If there is Bi syndrome causing numbness, swelling, and pain, at this time, one can use hot compresses, fire moxibustion, and acupuncture to eliminate the pathogen. It further states: If tendons and vessels are pulled and become acute and painful, moxibustion and herbal medicine can be used. There are countless mentions of moxibustion in *Suwen*.
Moxibustion methods are divided into tonification (Bu) and sedation (Xie). For tonification using fire, do not blow on the fire; let it extinguish naturally. For sedation using fire, blow quickly on the fire and open the acupoint. When using fire, it is suitable to use wicks soaked in pure hemp seed oil or plain candle wax flames. Regarding the use of mugwort leaves, it is best to harvest and dry them on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month; aged mugwort is superior. Place the mugwort in a mortar, pound it finely, sieve out dust and debris, then pound again until only white fluff remains. It must be extremely dry so that it ignites easily upon contact with fire. Moxa balls vary in size: small moxa cones are used for the head and face, while larger ones, the size of chopsticks, are used for the chest, abdomen, hands, and feet. For children over one year old, moxa cones the size of sparrow droppings are sufficient. As for the number of moxa cones (Zhuang), moxibustion on the head and neck should stop at seven cones, accumulating up to 49 cones (7x7). Accumulating up to 100 or 50 cones is the method of Cao Shi. Why must it be like Bian Que, who applied hundreds or even thousands of cones?
When selecting acupoints, if points are marked while sitting, moxibustion should be performed while sitting; if marked while lying down, perform it while lying down; if marked while standing, perform it while standing. Keeping the four limbs upright is essential. Any slight tilting will merely damage healthy flesh. Post-moxibustion care: Do not drink tea, as it may dissipate the heat energy; do not eat rice immediately, as it may obstruct the flow of Qi in the meridians. Rest quietly indoors for one or two hours, calm the mind and regulate the breath. Strictly avoid sexual activity, rich flavors, extreme anger, excessive labor, extreme hunger, or overeating, lest phlegm-fluids be generated and disease Qi be blocked, causing harm due to moxibustion. These are precautions necessary in moxibustion therapy.
1. Moxibustion at Chize (LU-5). Chize is located in the depression between the tendon and bone at the transverse cubital crease, where the artery pulses. Flex the elbow to locate it. Apply seven cones. Treats slow convulsive wind in children. (*Anmo Jing*)
2. Moxibustion at Changqiang (GV-1). Changqiang is the divergent vessel of the Du Meridian, located at the end of the vertebral column, three fen away. Locate it while the patient is prostrate. It is the meeting point of the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian and Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian. Apply thirty cones. Treats epilepsy and abdominal masses in children. (*Anmo Jing*)
3. Moxibustion at Shenting (GV-24). Shenting is located five fen inside the hairline, directly above the nose. It is the meeting point of the Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian and Du Meridian. Apply seven cones. Treats epilepsy and convulsive wind in children. (*Anmo Jing*)
4. Moxibustion at Shaoshang (LU-11). Shaoshang is located at the corner of the thumbnail, about the width of a leek leaf. Apply seven cones. Treats the five types of epilepsy. (Zhou Yufan)
5. Moxibustion at both sides of the lower border of the eleventh thoracic vertebra, each one inch five fen apart. Apply seven cones. Treats hypochondriac fullness, inability to control the four limbs, accumulations and masses, abdominal pain, and loss of appetite in children. Also treats malaria, chills and fever, and jaundice. (*Anmo Jing*)
6. Moxibustion in the depression three cun above the coccyx (Wei Lian Gu). Treats pediatric malnutrition (Gan syndrome) and emaciation when other prescriptions fail. It is advisable to bathe the child in boiling water infused with poplar leaves during the "Sanfu" days (the hottest period of summer). Perform moxibustion at noon. Wipe the area with silk after moxibustion; if parasite worms appear with the sweat, it indicates efficacy. (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*, text implies missing citation context)
7. Moxibustion at Zhangmen (LR-13). Located lateral to Dahan (SP-15), directly at the end of the costal margin, two cun above the umbilicus, six cun lateral to the midline. The patient lies on their side, flexing the upper leg and extending the lower leg. Alternatively, some say the tip of the elbow is the location. Apply seven cones. Treats emaciation, abdominal distension, limb flaccidity, and inability to raise shoulders and arms in children. (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*)
8. Moxibustion at Zhongting (CV-11). Located in the depression one cun six fen below Danzhong (CV-17). Apply three cones. Treats infant regurgitation/vomiting milk. (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*)
9. Moxibustion at Guiwei (EX-B7). (See acupoint note above.) Apply one cone. Treats rectal prolapse and bloody stool, especially if late autumn moxibustion was ineffective. (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*)
10. Moxibustion at Qizhong (CV-8), three cones. According to *Qianjin Fang*, the number of cones corresponds to the patient's age. Also treats rectal prolapse. (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*)
11. Moxibustion at Baihui (GV-20). Located in the center of the vertex, within the whorl of hair, capable of holding a bean, directly opposite the line connecting the tips of both ears. Apply seven cones. Treats stroke-induced opisthotonos and salivation... [Text cuts off]
12. Moxibustion at the Guiku Acupoint. Bind the patient's two thumbs together. Apply moxa cones to the four sites at the corners of the thumbnails and the fleshy junction behind them. The patient will reportedly plead to leave, which indicates efficacy. This treats disorders attributed to demonic influence or Huo-Huo syndrome. (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*)
13. Moxibustion on the medial side of the big toes of both feet, about the width of a leek leaf from the nail. Treats sudden death, abrupt collapse, and sleep paralysis ("ghost pressing"). (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*)
14. Moxibustion at the Jinggong Acupoint, located three cun lateral to the lower border of the fourteenth thoracic vertebra. Apply seven cones. Specifically treats nocturnal emission. (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*)
15. Moxibustion at the Guiyan Acupoint. Ask the patient to raise their arms upward and turn slightly backward; two depressions will appear on the waist. Mark them with ink. Perform moxibustion at the Hai hour (9 PM–11 PM) on the Guihai night in the sixth lunar month, without others knowing. Specifically treats tuberculosis parasites (Lao Chong). Alternatively, Sihua, Gaohuang, or Feishu acupoints may be used. (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*)
16. Moxibustion at three and a half cun lateral to the lower border of the thirteenth thoracic vertebra. Treats epigastric masses (Pi Kuai). Moxa the left side more frequently; if present on both sides, treat both. (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*)
17. Moxibustion at the bifurcation of the second toe of the foot, five to seven cones. Treats patients with masses. Treat the contralateral side: left lesion on right, right lesion on left. After moxibustion, the abdominal... [Text cuts off]
18. Moxibustion at the Zhoujian (Elbow Tip) acupoint. Treats scrofula (Luo Li). Treat the contralateral side: left lesion on right, right lesion on left. (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*)
19. Moxibustion three cun behind the nipple, or on the big toes. Men: left side; Women: right side. Treats corpse transmission (Shi Zhu), adverse influences (Ke Wu), and evil invasion (Zhong E). (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*)
20. Moxibustion in the depression at the middle joint of the dorsal aspect of the middle finger of both hands, seven cones. Treats skin tags and various nevi. (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*)
21. Moxibustion in the webbing between the thumbs of both hands, or one and a half cun above the second toe. Treats swelling and fullness. (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*)
22. For treating hydrocele (Pian Zhui), use a strand of HT Xin [likely a typo for red thread/cord], measuring the distance between the patient's mouth corners. Fold it into three segments forming a triangle shape. Place one apex on the umbilicus and the other two on both sides below the umbilicus; the tips indicate the acupoints. Treat the contralateral side: left lesion on right, right lesion on left. If bilateral, treat both. Use moxa cones the size of millet seeds... [Text cuts off]
23. Moxibustion at the midpoint of the transverse crease of the middle phalanx between the first and second toes of the foot, forty cones. Treats hernia pain, heart pain, and acute lower abdominal pain. (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*)
Commentary: Many diseases are suitable for moxibustion; I have briefly listed a few commonly used ones here. However, among them, some are indicated for moxibustion while others are contraindicated. (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*) This book must be read. Ancient moxibustion involved placing moxa directly on the skin and igniting it, causing burns akin to branding, which frightened patients. A superior modern method involves slicing fresh ginger, warming it with ignited moxa, placing it on the acupoint, and removing the ginger and moxa as soon as burning pain is felt, thereby avoiding severe suffering. This approach follows ancient sages and is widely adopted today. (Ti Li Zi)