丹砂 味甘，气微寒。无毒，又云有毒。（恶磁石。畏寒水，大块色光明者佳。细
研水飞用。）主身体五脏百病，养精神，安魂魄。益气明目，通血脉，止烦渴，凉心热。杀精魅
邪恶鬼，治疮痒疥 。久服通神明不老，小儿初生，细研蜜调，涂口中令吮之良。又痘疮将出，
蜜调服之，解痘毒，令出少。此物镇养心神，但宜生使，炼服则有毒，少有不作痰者。《周礼》
以丹砂、石胆、雄黄、矾石、磁石为五毒，古人惟以攻疮疡。
玉屑 味甘，气平。无毒。（恶鹿角。）主除胃中热，喘息烦满，止渴。屑如麻豆
大服之，久服轻身延年。
玉泉 （《衍义》云∶泉字疑浆字。）味甘，气平。无毒。（畏款冬花。）主五脏
百病，柔筋强骨，安魂魄，长肌肉，益气。久服耐寒暑，不饥渴，不老神仙。人临死服五斤，死
三年尸不变。
石钟乳 味甘，气温。无毒。（蛇床为之使。恶牡丹、玄石、牡蒙。畏紫石英。明白
光润、轻松色如炼硝石者佳。）主咳逆上气，明目益
精，安五脏，通百节，利九窍，下乳汁疗脚弱疼冷，下焦伤竭。久服延年益寿，令人有子。不炼
服之令人淋。丹溪云∶此 悍剂，夫药者气之偏，可用于暂而不可久，石药又偏之甚者。自唐时
膏粱之家，惑于方士服食致长生之说，以石药体浓气浓习以成俗，受此气悍之祸而不知，哀哉！
殷 （石钟乳根也。）味辛，气温。无毒。（恶防己，畏木通。）主烂伤瘀血，
泄痢寒热，鼠 瘕结气。其根又名孔公孽，味辛，气温。（木兰为之使。恶细辛及羊血。青黄
色。）主伤食不化，邪结气恶，疮疽 痔。男女阴蚀疮。利九窍，下乳汁。
云母 味甘，气平。无毒。（泽泻为之使，畏 甲及东流水。恶徐长卿，忌羊血。
二月采，凡有五色，惟黑者不任用。）主身皮死肌，中风寒热如在车船上。除邪气，安五脏，益子
精，明目。治赤白痢及带下。久服轻身延年，耐寒暑。敷金疮并一切恶疮良。风疹遍身，百计不
瘥， 粉清水调服。
阳起石 （云母根也。）味咸，气微温。无毒。（桑螵蛸为之使。恶泽泻、菌桂、雷
丸、蛇蜕、石葵。畏菟丝。忌羊血。形如野狼牙，色白明莹者佳。水飞研用。）主崩中漏下，补不
足。破子脏中血， 瘕结气，寒热腹痛。无子，阴痿不起，茎头寒，阴下湿痒，臭汗，男子妇人
下部虚冷，肾气乏绝，子脏久寒。
石胆 （胆矾也。）味酸、苦、辛，气寒，有毒。（水英为之使。畏桂、芫花、辛
荑、白薇。出有铜处。）主明目目痛，金疮鼠 ，恶疮诸痫 。女子阴蚀痛，石淋寒热，崩中下
血，诸邪毒瓦斯。炼饵服之不老，增寿神仙，能化铁为铜。
空青 味甘、酸，气寒。无毒。（畏菟丝子。生有铜处，铜精熏则生空青。其腹中
空，破之有浆者最佳。）主青盲耳聋，明目，疗亦痛。去肤翳，止泪出，利九窍，通血脉，养精
神，益肝气。久服轻身延年不老。能化钢铁铅锡作余。腹中浆点眼为最要药，壳亦磨翳。
曾青 味酸，小寒。无毒。（畏菟丝子。与空青同山，色亦相类。但其形小，累累
连珠相缀，甚难得。）主目痛，止泪出，风痹，利关节，通九窍，破 坚积聚。养肝胆，疗头风，
爽神气，止烦渴，补不足。久服轻身不老，能化金铜。
扁青 （即石绿。）味甘，气平。无毒。主目痛，明目。折跌痈肿，金疮小瘳，破
积聚，解毒瓦斯，及丈夫茎中百病，益精，令人有子。
禹余粮 味甘，气寒。无毒。（壮丹为之使。）主咳逆寒热烦满，下赤白，血闭 瘕，
大热。炼饵服之，不饥，轻身延年。重可以去怯，余粮之重，为镇固之剂也。
白石英 味甘、辛，气微温。无毒。（大如指长二三寸，六面如屑，白洁有光。）主
消渴，阴痿不足。咳逆，胸膈间久寒。益气，除风湿痹。疗肺痿、肺痈吐脓，下气，利小便。久
服轻身长年。
紫石英 味甘、辛，气温。无毒。入手少阴经、足厥阴经。（长石为之使。畏扁青、
附子。不欲黄连、麦句姜。明彻如水精，紫石达头如樗蒲者。）主心腹咳逆邪气，补不足。女子
风寒在子宫，十年无子。疗上气，寒热邪气结气。补心气虚，定惊悸，安魂魄，填下焦。久服温
中，轻身延年。又散痈肿，醋淬，生姜、米醋煎敷之。
青石、赤石、黄石、白石、黑石脂等 味甘，气平，无毒。（畏黄芩、大黄。）主
黄胆泄痢，肠 脓血，阴蚀下血赤白。吐血衄血，邪气痈肿，疽痔恶疮，头痒疥瘙。久服补髓安
心，涩精镇五脏，益气肥健，不饥轻身延年。五石脂各取五色补五脏，涩可以去脱，石脂为收敛
之剂也。青石脂味甘、酸，主养肝胆气，明目。女子带下百病。赤石脂味甘、酸、辛，气温。（恶
松脂、大黄。畏芫花。）主养心气，明目益精。疗腹痛泄癖，下痢赤白，小便利，女子崩中漏下。
黄石脂味苦，（恶细辛，畏黄连、蜚蠊。）主养脾气，调中。大人、小儿泄痢下脓血，去白虫，
除黄胆。白石脂味甘、酸，（恶松脂，畏黄芩。）主养肺气，浓肠胃。疗惊悸不足，心下烦。腹
痛泄泻，痢便脓血。黑石脂味咸，主养肾气，强阴。治阴蚀疮、口疮。
矾石 味酸、涩，气寒。无毒，一云有小毒。（甘草为之使，畏麻黄，恶壮蛎。入
药用白色光明者。）主寒热，泄痢白沃，阴蚀恶疮，瘰疠疥癣。目痛，坚骨齿，齿痛。去鼻中肉
息，除风消痰，止渴，治痰壅及心肺烦热，生含咽津，治急喉痹。炼饵之，轻身不老延年。性却
水，故治涎药用之。蛇咬蝎螫，（烧刀头令赤，置矾其上看成汁，热滴咬处。立瘥。）甲疽或因
割甲伤肌，或甲长侵肉遂成疮肿。（火枯为末着疮中，痛急即涂少酥。）
绿矾 味凉，无毒。主治喉痹，虫牙口疮及恶疮疥癣。酿鲫鱼烧灰和服，疗肠风泄
血。火 赤，酽醋淬过复 ，如此三度，研细，枣肉丸如绿豆大，温水下，治小儿疳气不可疗。
硝石 味苦、辛、咸，气寒。有毒。（朴硝再煎炼，上结芒硝，其在下焚结如石，
烧之成焰者是。火为之使，恶苦参、苦菜、曾青。）主五脏积热，胃胀闭，涤去蓄结饮食，推陈
致新，除邪气。伤寒腹中大热，烦满消渴。炼之如膏，久服轻身。天地鬼神之物，能化金石。
芒硝 （水煎朴硝倾木盆中，结芒有廉棱者是。）主五脏积聚，久热胃闭。辛能润
燥，咸能软坚破留血，除痰实，利大小便，通月水，破五淋，推陈致新。经云∶热淫于内，治以
咸寒，佐以苦寒，故用大黄、芒硝相须为使。
朴硝 味苦、辛、咸，气寒。有毒。（畏麦句姜。初采扫得一煎而成者是。）主百病
寒热邪气，逐六腑积聚，结固留癖。破留血，停痰痞满，大小便不通，推陈致新。治天行热疾，
消肿毒，排脓。软坚能化七十二种石，炼饵服之，轻身神仙。丹溪云∶善消化驱逐，以之治病，
致用，病退则已，炼服补益，岂理也哉？三硝本一物，朴硝力紧，芒硝次之，硝石更缓。
玄明粉 味辛、甘，气寒。（以朴硝炼成者。丹溪云∶以火 而成，性温。阴中有阳
之药。）治心热烦躁，并五脏宿滞 结，肠胃宿垢，软积开痰，明目。退膈上虚热，大除胃热。
食盐 味咸，气寒。无毒。（漏芦为之使，河东者为胜。）主杀鬼蛊邪疰毒瓦斯，下
部疮。吐胸中痰癖，止心腹卒痛。坚齿，止齿缝出血。中蚯蚓毒，化汤中洗沃之。又用接药入
肾。多食伤肺，喜咳。又令人失色肤黑，走血、损筋、病嗽及水者禁之。
戌盐 味咸，气寒。无毒。（西羌所出者是。）主明目目痛，益气坚肌骨，去蛊毒。
心腹痛，溺血诸血，舌齿血出。去烦热痰满，敷疥癣痈肿瘰 。
卤碱 味苦、咸，气寒。无毒。主大热消渴狂烦，除邪及下蛊毒，柔肌肤。去湿热，
消痰磨积块。洗涤垢腻。勿过服，顿损人。
太阴玄精石 味咸，气温。无毒。（色青白龟背者良。）主除风冷邪气湿痹，补益精
气。妇人痼冷漏下，心腹积聚冷气。
无名异 味甘，气平。无毒。（状如黑锻石，嚼之如饧。）主金疮折伤肉损，止痛生肌。
滑石 味甘，气寒。性沉重。无毒。入足阳明经。（石苇为之使。畏曾青。白如凝
脂软滑者佳，用须甘草和之，青黑色者不可用。）身热泄癖，女子乳难，癃闭。利小便，通九窍，
泄上气，涤胃中积聚寒热。益精气，久服轻身耐老长年。燥湿，实大府，化食毒，行积滞。逐凝
血，解燥渴，补脾胃，降妄火之要药。
石膏 味辛、甘，气微寒。无毒。入手太阴经少阳经、足阳明经。（鸡子为之使。
恶莽草、巴豆。畏铁。细理白泽者良。）主中风寒热，心下逆气惊喘，口干舌焦，不能息。腹中
坚痛，产乳金疮。治中热发热恶热燥热，日晡潮热。伤寒时气肌肉壮热，头痛如裂，大渴引饮。
清金治火润肺，除三焦大热，泻胃火。治胃热不食，又治胃热能食善消，以辛也，故能解肌出汗，
上行至头。以甘也，故能缓脾益气，止渴生津。胃虚寒人勿服。又揩齿益齿。
凝水石 （即寒水石。）味辛、甘，气寒。无毒。（畏地榆。入药须烧过。此有二种，
有纵理，有横理，色青明者佳。）主身热时气，腹中积聚邪气，皮中如火烧，烦满，五脏伏热，
止渴。压丹石毒，解巴豆毒。
理石 味辛、甘，气寒。无毒。（滑石为之使，恶麻黄。如石膏顺理而细。）主身
热去来，大热结热，利胃解烦止渴，益精明目，破积聚，去三虫。
长石 味辛、苦，气寒。无毒。（理如马齿，方而泽润，玉色状同石膏，但浓大纵
理而长。）主身热，胃火结气。四肢寒厥，止消渴，利小便，通血脉。明目去翳，下三虫，杀虫毒。
雄黄 味苦、甘、辛，气微寒。又云大温。有毒。（武都山所出赤如鸡冠，明彻而
不臭者佳，可入服食药，余但可疗疮。）主寒热，鼠 恶疮，疽痔死肌，疥虫 疮，鼻中息肉及
绝筋破骨，百节中大风，中恶蛊毒腹中痛。杀精物恶鬼邪气百虫毒，
胜五兵，杀诸蛇虺毒。炼食之轻身神仙，佩之鬼神不能近，入山林虎野狼伏；涉川水，毒物不敢伤。
妊娠佩之，转女为男。
雌黄 味辛、甘，气平、寒。有毒。（与雄黄同山生，金精熏则生雌黄，色如金似
云母甲错可折。）主恶疮头秃痂疥，杀毒虫蜂虱蛇，身痒邪气诸毒，下部 疮。
石硫黄 味酸、甘，气温、大热。有毒。主妇人阴蚀疽痔恶血及下部 疮。止血，杀
疥虫，坚筋骨，除头秃。疗心腹 癖冷气，咳逆上气，脚冷疼弱，壮阳道。治下元虚冷，元气将
绝。久患寒泄，脾胃虚弱，垂命欲尽，服之皆效。中病便已，不可过剂。至阳之精，能化金银铜铁等物。
水银 味辛，气寒。性滑重，有毒。（畏磁石，出于丹砂。）主疹 痂疡白秃，杀
皮肤中虱，堕胎除热。以敷男子阴疮，消毒瓦斯。杀金银铜锡毒，熔化还复为丹。得铅则凝，得硫
黄则结，并枣肉研则散，得紫河车则伏。
轻粉 味辛，（忌一切血，飞炼水银为之。）主瘰 ，杀疮疥癣虫，鼻上酒 ，风疮燥痒。
灵砂 味甘，气温。无毒。（恶磁石，畏寒水，乃水银、硫黄炼成者。）主五脏百
病，养精神，安魂魄。益气明目。通血脉，止烦满，杀精魅恶鬼气。
密陀僧 味咸、辛、甘，气平。有小毒。主久痢五痔，金疮口疮，面上瘢 ，面膏药用之。
金屑 （金箔同。）味辛，气平。有毒。（畏水银，炼熟用，生者杀人。）主镇精神，
安魂魄，坚骨髓，通利五脏，小儿惊伤风痫失志。
银屑 （银箔同。）味辛，气平。有毒。（用炼熟者。）主安五脏，定心神，止惊
悸。除邪气及小儿癫疾狂走。
珊瑚 味甘，气平。无毒。（似玉红润油色者佳。）主宿血，鼻衄，末吹鼻中，镇
心止惊明目，去目中翳。
砂 味咸、苦、辛，气温。有毒。（畏浆水，忌羊血。形如牙硝光净者良。用之
须澄去土石，入瓷器中重汤煮，不宜生用。）主积聚
癖，破结血烂胎，止痛下气。疗宿冷，去恶肉，生肌。柔金银可为焊药。合他药治目中翳。不
宜多服，腐坏人肠胃。
蓬砂 （一名硼砂。）味苦、辛，气温。无毒。消痰止嗽，破 结，喉痹，含化咽
津，缓以取效。亦用焊金银。
砒霜 味苦、酸。有大毒。（畏绿豆、冷水、醋。入药酷煮杀毒。用信州宫井凿取
者佳。色黄赤明澈不杂。）主诸疟风痰在胸膈，可作吐药。又能消肉积，大损人，不可轻服。
磁石 味幸、咸，气寒。无毒。（柴胡为之使。杀铁毒。恶牡丹、莽草、石脂。）
主周痹风湿，肢节中痛不可持物，洗洗酸 。除大热烦满及耳聋目昏。养肾脏，强骨气，益精。
通关节，消痈肿鼠 ，颈核喉痛，小儿惊痫。炼水饮之，令人有子。误吞针，取枣核大钻窍，丝
穿令吞之，针自出。
柔铁 （熟铁也。）味辛，气平。有毒。（诸铁无正入丸散者，惟煮汁用之。）主
坚肌耐痛。
铁落 味辛、甘，气平。无毒。（烧铁赤沸，砧上打落细皮屑。）主风热恶疮，疡
痘疮痂，疥气在皮肤中。
丹砂：味甘，气微寒。无毒，也有说法认为有毒。（忌与磁石同用。畏寒水，以块大、色泽光明者为佳。需细细研磨，用水飞法处理。）主治身体五脏百病，滋养精神，安定魂魄。益气明目，疏通血脉，止烦渴，清心热。能杀灭精魅邪恶鬼怪，治疗疮疡瘙痒疥癣。长期服用可通神明、抗衰老，小儿刚出生时，将丹砂细研后用蜜调匀，涂抹于口中令其吮吸，效果良好。又治痘疮即将发出时，用蜜调服，可解痘毒，使痘疹发出较少。此物能镇养心神，但宜生用，若经炼制服用则有毒，少数人服用后会产生痰湿。《周礼》将丹砂、石胆、雄黄、矾石、磁石列为“五毒”，古人仅用它们来攻治疮疡。
玉屑：味甘，气平。无毒。（忌与鹿角同用。）主治清除胃中热邪，缓解喘息烦满，止渴。服用时碎屑大小如麻豆，长期服用可轻身延年。
玉泉：（《衍义》说：“泉”字可能是“浆”字的误写。）味甘，气平。无毒。（忌与款冬花同用。）主治五脏百病，柔润筋骨，强壮骨骼，安定魂魄，促进肌肉生长，益气。长期服用可耐寒暑，不饥渴，成为不老神仙。人在临死前服用五斤，死后三年尸体不变。
石钟乳：味甘，气温。无毒。（蛇床子为其引经药。忌与牡丹、玄石、牡蒙同用。畏紫石英。以色白明亮光洁、质地轻松、颜色像炼过的硝石者为佳。）主治咳逆上气，明目益精，安五脏，通利关节，通畅九窍，下乳汁，治疗脚弱疼痛寒冷，下焦损伤枯竭。长期服用可延年益寿，使人有子。若不经过炼制直接服用，会导致淋证。朱丹溪说：这是峻烈之剂，药物都是偏性的，只能暂时使用而不可久服，石药更是偏性极重的。自唐代以来，富贵之家受方士长生之说迷惑，以服用石药体浓气厚习以为常，遭受这种悍烈之气带来的祸害却不知晓，可悲啊！
殷孽：（是石钟乳的根部。）味辛，气温。无毒。（忌与防己同用，畏木通。）主治烂伤瘀血，泄痢寒热，鼠瘕结气。其根又名孔公孽，味辛，气温。（木兰为其引经药。忌与细辛及羊血同用。色青黄。）主治食积不化，邪结气恶，疮疽痔漏。男女阴部蚀疮。通畅九窍，下乳汁。
云母：味甘，气平。无毒。（泽泻为其引经药，畏鳖甲及东流水。忌与徐长卿同用，禁食羊血。二月采收，凡有五色，只有黑色的不可任用。）主治身体皮肤死肌，中风寒热感觉如在车船上颠簸。除邪气，安五脏，益精气，明目。治疗赤白痢疾及带下病。长期服用可轻身延年，耐寒暑。敷贴金疮及一切恶疮效果良好。风疹遍身，百般治疗不愈，用云母粉清水调服。
阳起石：（是云母的根部。）味咸，气微温。无毒。（桑螵蛸为其引经药。忌与泽泻、菌桂、雷丸、蛇蜕、石葵同用。畏菟丝子。禁食羊血。形状像野狼牙，色白明莹者为佳。用水飞法研磨使用。）主治崩中漏下，补不足。破除子宫中的瘀血，治疗鼠瘕结气，寒热腹痛。治疗不孕，阳痿不起，阴茎头寒冷，阴部潮湿瘙痒，臭汗，男子妇人下部虚冷，肾气乏绝，子宫久寒。
石胆：（即胆矾。）味酸、苦、辛，气寒，有毒。（水英为其引经药。忌与桂、芫花、辛荑、白薇同用。出产于有铜的地方。）主治明目目痛，金疮鼠瘘，恶疮诸痫。女子阴部蚀痛，石淋寒热，崩中下血，各种邪毒瓦斯。炼制后饵服可抗衰老，增寿成仙，能化铁为铜。
空青：味甘、酸，气寒。无毒。（畏菟丝子。生于有铜的地方，铜精熏蒸则生成空青。其腹中空，破开有浆液者为最佳。）主治青盲耳聋，明目，治疗眼痛。去除肤翳，止泪出，利九窍，通血脉，养精神，益肝气。长期服用可轻身延年不老。能化钢铁铅锡作余料。腹中的浆液点眼是最要的药物，外壳也可磨碎去翳。
曾青：味酸，小寒。无毒。（畏菟丝子。与空青同山而生，颜色也相似。但其形体小，累累连珠相缀，很难得。）主治目痛，止泪出，风痹，利关节，通九窍，破除坚硬积聚。养肝胆，治疗头风，清爽神气，止烦渴，补不足。长期服用可轻身不老，能化金铜。
扁青：（即石绿。）味甘，气平。无毒。主治目痛，明目。治疗跌打骨折痈肿，金疮小愈，破除积聚，解毒瓦斯，以及丈夫茎中各种疾病，益精，使人有子。
禹余粮：味甘，气寒。无毒。（壮丹为其引经药。）主治咳逆寒热烦满，下赤白痢，血闭瘕块，大热。炼制后饵服，不饥，轻身延年。重可以祛怯，余粮之重，属于镇固之剂。
白石英：味甘、辛，气微温。无毒。（大如手指，长二三寸，六面如屑，白洁有光。）主治消渴，阳痿不足。咳逆，胸膈间久寒。益气，除风湿痹。治疗肺痿、肺痈吐脓，下气，利小便。长期服用可轻身长年。
紫石英：味甘、辛，气温。无毒。入手少阴经、足厥阴经。（长石为其引经药。忌与扁青、附子同用。不欲与黄连、麦句姜同用。明彻如水精，紫色石头直达头部如樗蒲棋子者为佳。）主治心腹咳逆邪气，补不足。女子风寒在子宫，十年无子。治疗上气，寒热邪气结气。补心气虚，定惊悸，安魂魄，填下焦。长期服用可温中，轻身延年。又能散痈肿，用醋淬，生姜、米醋煎煮后外敷。
青石脂、赤石脂、黄石脂、白石脂、黑石脂等：味甘，气平，无毒。（忌与黄芩、大黄同用。）主治黄疸泄痢，肠中脓血，阴部蚀部下血赤白。吐血衄血，邪气痈肿，疽痔恶疮，头痒疥瘙。长期服用可补髓安心，涩精镇五脏，益气肥健，不饥轻身延年。五石脂各取五色补五脏，涩可以去脱，石脂为收敛之剂。青石脂味甘、酸，主养肝胆气，明目。女子带下百病。赤石脂味甘、酸、辛，气温。（忌与松脂、大黄同用。畏芫花。）主养心气，明目益精。治疗腹痛泄癖，下痢赤白，小便利，女子崩中漏下。黄石脂味苦，（忌与细辛同用，畏黄连、蜚蠊。）主养脾气，调中。大人、小儿泄痢下脓血，去白虫，除黄疸。白石脂味甘、酸，（忌与松脂同用，畏黄芩。）主养肺气，厚肠胃。治疗惊悸不足，心下烦。腹痛泄泻，痢便脓血。黑石脂味咸，主养肾气，强阴。治疗阴蚀疮、口疮。
矾石：味酸、涩，气寒。无毒，一说有小毒。（甘草为其引经药，畏麻黄，忌与壮蛎同用。入药用白色光明者。）主治寒热，泄痢白沃，阴蚀恶疮，瘰疬疥癣。目痛，坚骨齿，齿痛。去除鼻中肉息肉，除风消痰，止渴，治疗痰壅及心肺烦热，生含咽津，治疗急喉痹。炼制后饵服，轻身不老延年。性质退水，故治疗涎药中使用它。蛇咬蝎螫，（烧刀头令红，置矾其上观察化成汁，热滴咬处。立即痊愈。）甲疽或因割甲伤肌，或甲长侵肉遂成疮肿。（火枯为末撒疮中，痛急即涂少许酥油。）
绿矾：味凉，无毒。主治喉痹，虫牙口疮及恶疮疥癣。酿鲫鱼烧灰和服，治疗肠风泄血。火煅赤，酽醋淬过再煅，如此三次，研细，枣肉丸如绿豆大，温水送下，治疗小儿疳气不可疗。
硝石：味苦、辛、咸，气寒。有毒。（朴硝再煎炼，上结芒硝，其在下焚结如石，烧之成焰者是。火为其引经药，忌与苦参、苦菜、曾青同用。）主治五脏积热，胃胀闭，涤去蓄结饮食，推陈致新，除邪气。伤寒腹中大热，烦满消渴。炼之如膏，长期服用可轻身。天地鬼神之物，能化金石。
芒硝：（水煎朴硝倾木盆中，结芒有廉棱者是。）主治五脏积聚，久热胃闭。辛能润燥，咸能软坚破留血，除痰实，利大小便，通月水，破五淋，推陈致新。经云：热淫于内，治以咸寒，佐以苦寒，故用大黄、芒硝相须为使。
朴硝：味苦、辛、咸，气寒。有毒。（畏麦句姜。初采扫得一煎而成者是。）主治百病寒热邪气，逐六腑积聚，结固留癖。破留血，停痰痞满，大小便不通，推陈致新。治疗天行热疾，消肿毒，排脓。软坚能化七十二种石，炼制饵服，轻身神仙。朱丹溪说：善于消化驱逐，用它治病，致用，病退则已，炼制服用补益，岂有理哉？三硝本一物，朴硝力紧，芒硝次之，硝石更缓。
玄明粉：味辛、甘，气寒。（以朴硝炼成者。朱丹溪说：以火煅而成，性温。阴中有阳之药。）治疗心热烦躁，并五脏宿滞结，肠胃宿垢，软积开痰，明目。退膈上虚热，大除胃热。
食盐：味咸，气寒。无毒。（漏芦为其引经药，河东者为胜。）主治杀鬼蛊邪疰毒瓦斯，下部疮。吐胸中痰癖，止心腹卒痛。坚齿，止齿缝出血。中蚯蚓毒，化汤中洗沃之。又用接药入肾。多食伤肺，喜咳。又令人失色肤黑，走血、损筋、病嗽及水者禁之。
戌盐：味咸，气寒。无毒。（西羌所出者是。）主治明目目痛，益气坚肌骨，去蛊毒。心腹痛，溺血诸血，舌齿血出。去烦热痰满，敷疥癣痈肿瘰疬。
卤碱：味苦、咸，气寒。无毒。主治大热消渴狂烦，除邪及下蛊毒，柔肌肤。去湿热，消痰磨积块。洗涤垢腻。勿过服，顿损人。
太阴玄精石：味咸，气温。无毒。（色青白龟背者良。）主治除风冷邪气湿痹，补益精气。妇人痼冷漏下，心腹积聚冷气。
无名异：味甘，气平。无毒。（状如黑锻石，嚼之如饧。）主治金疮折伤肉损，止痛生肌。
滑石：味甘，气寒。性沉重。无毒。入足阳明经。（石苇为其引经药。畏曾青。白如凝脂软滑者为佳，用须甘草和之，青黑色者不可用。）主治身热泄癖，女子乳难，癃闭。利小便，通九窍，泄上气，涤胃中积聚寒热。益精气，长期服用可轻身耐老长年。燥湿，实大府，化食毒，行积滞。逐凝血，解燥渴，补脾胃，降妄火之要药。
石膏：味辛、甘，气微寒。无毒。入手太阴经少阳经、足阳明经。（鸡子为其引经药。忌与莽草、巴豆同用。畏铁。细理白泽者为良。）主治中风寒热，心下逆气惊喘，口干舌焦，不能息。腹中坚痛，产乳金疮。治疗中热发热恶热燥热，日晡潮热。伤寒时气肌肉壮热，头痛如裂，大渴引饮。清金治火润肺，除三焦大热，泻胃火。治疗胃热不食，又治疗胃热能食善消，以辛也，故能解肌出汗，上行至头。以甘也，故能缓脾益气，止渴生津。胃虚寒人勿服。又揩齿益齿。
凝水石：（即寒水石。）味辛、甘，气寒。无毒。（畏地榆。入药须烧过。此有二种，有纵理，有横理，色青明者为佳。）主治身热时气，腹中积聚邪气，皮中如火烧，烦满，五脏伏热，止渴。压丹石毒，解巴豆毒。
理石：味辛、甘，气寒。无毒。（滑石为其引经药，忌与麻黄同用。如石膏顺理而细。）主治身热去来，大热结热，利胃解烦止渴，益精明目，破积聚，去三虫。
长石：味辛、苦，气寒。无毒。（理如马齿，方而泽润，玉色状同石膏，但浓大纵理而长。）主治身热，胃火结气。四肢寒厥，止消渴，利小便，通血脉。明目去翳，下三虫，杀虫毒。
雄黄：味苦、甘、辛，气微寒。又说大温。有毒。（武都山所出赤如鸡冠，明彻而不臭者为佳，可入服食药，其余只可疗疮。）主治寒热，鼠瘘恶疮，疽痔死肌，疥虫疮，鼻中息肉及绝筋破骨，百节中大风，中恶蛊毒腹中痛。杀灭精物恶鬼邪气百虫毒，胜过五兵，杀灭诸蛇虺毒。炼制食用可轻身神仙，佩带可鬼神不能近，进入山林虎野狼伏；涉川水，毒物不敢伤。妊娠佩带，转女为男。
雌黄：味辛、甘，气平、寒。有毒。（与雄黄同山而生，金精熏蒸则生成雌黄，色如金似云母甲错可折。）主治恶疮头秃痂疥，杀毒虫蜂虱蛇，身痒邪气诸毒，下部疮。
石硫黄：味酸、甘，气温、大热。有毒。主治妇人阴蚀疽痔恶血及下部疮。止血，杀疥虫，坚筋骨，除头秃。治疗心腹癖冷气，咳逆上气，脚冷疼弱，壮阳道。治疗下元虚冷，元气将绝。久患寒泄，脾胃虚弱，垂命欲尽，服用皆有效。中病便止，不可过量。至阳之精，能化金银铜铁等物。
水银：味辛，气寒。性滑重，有毒。（畏磁石，出于丹砂。）主治疹痂疡白秃，杀皮肤中虱，堕胎除热。以敷男子阴疮，消毒瓦斯。杀灭金银铜锡毒，熔化还复为丹。得铅则凝，得硫黄则结，并枣肉研则散，得紫河车则伏。
轻粉：味辛，（忌一切血，飞炼水银为之。）主治瘰疬，杀疮疥癣虫，鼻上酒齄，风疮燥痒。
灵砂：味甘，气温。无毒。（忌磁石，畏寒水，乃水银、硫黄炼成者。）主治五脏百病，养精神，安魂魄。益气明目。通血脉，止烦满，杀灭精魅恶鬼气。
密陀僧：味咸、辛、甘，气平。有小毒。主治久痢五痔，金疮口疮，面上瘢痕，面膏药用之。
金屑：（金箔同。）味辛，气平。有毒。（畏水银，炼熟用，生者杀人。）主治镇精神，安魂魄，坚骨髓，通利五脏，小儿惊伤风痫失志。
银屑：（银箔同。）味辛，气平。有毒。（用炼熟者。）主治安五脏，定心神，止惊悸。除邪气及小儿癫疾狂走。
珊瑚：味甘，气平。无毒。（似玉红润油色者为佳。）主治宿血，鼻衄，末吹鼻中，镇心止惊明目，去目中翳。
硇砂：味咸、苦、辛，气温。有毒。（畏浆水，忌羊血。形如牙硝光净者为良。用之须澄去土石，入瓷器中重汤煮，不宜生用。）主治积聚癖，破结血烂胎，止痛下气。治疗宿冷，去恶肉，生肌。柔金银可为焊药。合他药治疗目中翳。不宜多服，腐坏人肠胃。
蓬砂：（一名硼砂。）味苦、辛，气温。无毒。消痰止嗽，破结，喉痹，含化咽津，缓以取效。亦用焊金银。
砒霜：味苦、酸。有大毒。（畏绿豆、冷水、醋。入药酷煮杀毒。用信州宫井凿取者为佳。色黄赤明澈不杂。）主治诸疟风痰在胸膈，可作吐药。又能消肉积，大损人，不可轻服。
磁石：味辛、咸，气寒。无毒。（柴胡为其引经药。杀铁毒。忌与牡丹、莽草、石脂同用。）主治周痹风湿，肢节中痛不可持物，洗洗酸楚。除大热烦满及耳聋目昏。养肾脏，强骨气，益精。通关节，消痈肿鼠瘘，颈核喉痛，小儿惊痫。炼水饮之，令人有子。误吞针，取枣核大钻窍，丝穿令吞之，针自出。
柔铁：（熟铁也。）味辛，气平。有毒。（诸铁无正入丸散者，惟煮汁用之。）主治坚肌耐痛。
Cinnabar (Dan Sha): Sweet in taste, slightly cold in nature. Non-toxic, though some claim it is toxic. (Incompatible with Magnetitum [Ci Shi]. Averse to cold water; large pieces with bright luster are preferred. Finely grind and process by water flotation [Shui Fei].) Mainly treats various diseases of the body and five zang organs, nourishes spirit, calms the soul. Benefits qi, brightens eyes, unblocks blood vessels, stops irritability and thirst, clears heart heat. Kills spirits and evil ghosts, treats sores, itching, and scabies. Long-term use enhances spiritual clarity and anti-aging effects. For newborns, finely grind and mix with honey, apply to the mouth for sucking, which is beneficial. Also used when smallpox is about to erupt; mixed with honey and taken orally, it resolves smallpox toxin and reduces eruption. This substance calms and nourishes the heart spirit, but should be used raw; calcined use is toxic, and some may develop phlegm after use. The *Rites of Zhou* lists Cinnabar, Chalcanthite (Shi Dan), Realgar (Xiong Huang), Alum (Fan Shi), and Magnetitum (Ci Shi) as the "Five Poisons," used by ancients only to attack sores and ulcers.
Jade Dust (Yu Xie): Sweet in taste, neutral in nature. Non-toxic. (Incompatible with Deer Antler [Lu Jiao].) Mainly clears heat from the stomach, relieves wheezing, fullness, and irritability, stops thirst. Take particles sized like hemp or beans; long-term use lightens the body and prolongs life.
Jade Spring (Yu Quan): (The *Yanyi* states that "Spring" might be a typo for "Paste".) Sweet in taste, neutral in nature. Non-toxic. (Averse to Winter Flower [Kuan Dong Hua].) Mainly treats various diseases of the five zang organs, softens sinews, strengthens bones, calms the soul, promotes muscle growth, benefits qi. Long-term use enables resistance to cold and heat, prevents hunger and thirst, and leads to immortality. Taking five jin before death preserves the corpse for three years.
Stalactite (Shi Zhong Ru): Sweet in taste, warm in nature. Non-toxic. (Sida Seed [She Chuang Zi] acts as a guide. Incompatible with Peony Root [Mu Dan], Xuan Shi, and Mu Meng. Averse to Purple Quartz [Zi Shi]. White, bright, smooth, light, and resembling refined saltpeter is preferred.) Mainly treats cough with reversed qi, brightens eyes, benefits essence, calms the five zang organs, unblocks joints, opens orifices, promotes lactation, treats weak and cold legs, and lower jiao depletion. Long-term use prolongs life and aids fertility. Raw use causes strangury. Zhu Danxi said: This is a harsh agent. Medicines have biased properties; they can be used temporarily but not long-term. Stone medicines are even more biased. Since the Tang Dynasty, wealthy families have been misled by alchemists' claims of longevity through stone ingestion, becoming accustomed to their heavy and potent nature, suffering the consequences without realizing it, how tragic!
Yin Nie (Root of Stalactite): Pungent in taste, warm in nature. Non-toxic. (Incompatible with Stepherenia Root [Fang Ji], averse to Akebia Stem [Mu Tong].) Mainly treats traumatic bruised blood, dysentery with alternating cold and heat, and rat-like masses with stagnant qi. Its root is also called Kong Gong Nie, pungent, warm. (Magnolia Flower [Mu Lan] acts as a guide. Incompatible with Asarum [Xi Xin] and sheep blood. Greenish-yellow.) Mainly treats food stagnation, evil stagnant qi, sores, carbuncles, hemorrhoids, and genital ulcers. Opens orifices, promotes lactation.
Mica (Yun Mu): Sweet in taste, neutral in nature. Non-toxic. (Alisma Rhizome [Ze Xie] acts as a guide. Averse to turtle shell [Bie Jia] and east-flowing water. Incompatible with Cynanchum Paniculatum [Xu Chang Qing], avoid sheep blood. Harvest in February. Of the five colors, black is unusable.) Mainly treats dead skin and muscles, wind-stroke with cold and heat sensations as if on a moving vehicle. Removes evil qi, calms the five zang organs, benefits essence, brightens eyes. Treats bloody and non-bloody dysentery and leukorrhea. Long-term use lightens the body, prolongs life, and resists cold and heat. Applied to metal wounds and all malignant sores with good effect. For generalized urticaria unresponsive to other treatments, take Mica powder mixed with clear water.
Actinolite (Yang Qi Shi): (Root of Mica.) Salty in taste, slightly warm in nature. Non-toxic. (Mantis Egg Case [Sang Piao Xiao] acts as a guide. Incompatible with Alisma, Cinnamon Twig [Jun Gui], Polyporus [Lei Wan], Snake Slough [She Tui], and Shi Kui. Averse to Dodder Seed [Tu Si Zi]. Avoid sheep blood. Shape like wild wolf's teeth, white and translucent is preferred. Process by water flotation.) Mainly treats metrorrhagia and metrorrhexis, tonifies deficiency. Breaks blood stasis in the uterus, treats rat-like masses, cold-heat abdominal pain. Treats infertility, impotence, cold glans, damp and itchy genitals, foul sweat, lower jiao deficiency-cold in men and women, kidney qi exhaustion, and chronic uterine cold.
Chalcanthite (Shi Dan): (Also known as Vitriol [Dan Fan].) Sour, bitter, pungent in taste, cold in nature, toxic. (Shui Ying acts as a guide. Incompatible with Cinnamon Twig [Gui], Genkwa Flower [Yuan Hua], Magnolia Bud [Xin Yi], and Bai Wei. Found where copper exists.) Mainly brightens eyes, treats eye pain, metal wounds, rat fistulas, malignant sores, and various epilepsies. Treats female genital erosion pain, lithiasis with cold-heat, metrorrhagia, and various evil toxins. Calcined and ingested, it prevents aging, increases longevity, and turns iron into copper.
Azurite (Kong Qing): Sweet, sour in taste, cold in nature. Non-toxic. (Averse to Dodder Seed [Tu Si Zi]. Born in copper deposits; formed by copper essence fumigation. Hollow inside, best if containing liquid when broken.) Mainly treats blindness and deafness, brightens eyes, treats eye pain. Removes corneal opacity, stops tearing, opens orifices, unblocks blood vessels, nourishes spirit, benefits liver qi. Long-term use lightens the body, prolongs life, and prevents aging. Can transform steel, iron, lead, and tin. Liquid inside the hollow is best for eye drops; the shell can also be ground to remove opacity.
Chrysocolla (Zeng Qing): Sour in taste, slightly cold. Non-toxic. (Averse to Dodder Seed [Tu Si Zi]. Grows with Azurite, similar color. But smaller, clustered like beads, hard to obtain.) Mainly treats eye pain, stops tearing, wind-bi, benefits joints, opens nine orifices, breaks hard accumulations. Nourishes liver and gallbladder, treats headache, refreshes spirit, stops irritability and thirst, tonifies deficiency. Long-term use lightens the body, prevents aging, and transforms gold and copper.
Biotite (Bian Qing): (Also known as Malachite [Shi Lv].) Sweet in taste, neutral in nature. Non-toxic. Mainly treats eye pain, brightens eyes. Treats fractures, abscesses, metal wounds healing slightly, breaks accumulations, detoxifies, treats various penile diseases in men, benefits essence, aids fertility.
Halloysite (Yu Yu Liang): Sweet in taste, cold in nature. Non-toxic. (Peony Root [Zhuang Dan] acts as a guide.) Mainly treats cough with cold-heat and fullness, bloody/non-bloody dysentery, blood closure, masses, high fever. Calcined and ingested, prevents hunger, lightens the body, prolongs life. Heaviness dispels fear; Halloysite's heaviness makes it a stabilizing agent.
White Quartz (Bai Shi Ying): Sweet, pungent in taste, slightly warm in nature. Non-toxic. (Size like finger, 2-3 cun long, six-sided like flakes, white and bright.) Mainly treats diabetes insipidus, impotence. Cough with reversed qi, chronic cold in chest and diaphragm. Benefits qi, removes wind-damp bi. Treats lung abscess with pus expectoration, directs qi downward, promotes urination. Long-term use lightens the body and prolongs life.
Purple Quartz (Zi Shi Ying): Sweet, pungent in taste, warm in nature. Non-toxic. Enters Hand Shaoyin and Foot Jueyin meridians. (Long Shi acts as a guide. Incompatible with Biotite [Bian Qing] and Aconite [Fu Zi]. Unwanted with Scutellaria [Huang Lian] and Mai Ju Jiang. Clear as rock crystal, purple reaching the top like dice is preferred.) Mainly treats heart/abdominal cough with reversed evil qi, tonifies deficiency. Treats female uterine wind-cold causing ten-year infertility. Treats upper qi, cold-heat evil qi, stagnant qi. Tonifies heart qi deficiency, calms palpitations, calms soul, fills lower jiao. Long-term use warms middle jiao, lightens body, prolongs life. Also disperses abscesses; quench in vinegar, decoct with ginger and rice vinegar for external application.
Green, Red, Yellow, White, Black Halloysite etc.: Sweet in taste, neutral, non-toxic. (Incompatible with Scutellaria [Huang Qin] and Rhubarb [Da Huang].) Mainly treats jaundice, dysentery, intestinal pus/blood, genital erosion with bleeding. Hematemesis, epistaxis, evil qi abscesses, carbuncles, hemorrhoids, malignant sores, scalp itch, scabies. Long-term use nourishes marrow, calms heart, secures essence, stabilizes five zang organs, benefits qi, promotes health, prevents hunger, lightens body, prolongs life. The five colored Halloysites tonify the five zang organs respectively; astringency treats prolapse; Halloysite is an astringent agent. Green Halloysite sweet/sour, nourishes liver/gallbladder qi, brightens eyes, treats female leukorrhea. Red Halloysite sweet/sour/pungent, warm. (Incompatible with Pine Resin [Song Zhi] and Rhubarb. Averse to Genkwa Flower.) Nourishes heart qi, brightens eyes, benefits essence. Treats abdominal pain, dysentery, frequent urination, female metrorrhagia. Yellow Halloysite bitter. (Incompatible with Asarum. Averse to Scutellaria and Cockroach [Fei Lian].) Nourishes spleen qi, regulates middle. Treats adult/child dysentery with pus/blood, expels roundworms, removes jaundice. White Halloysite sweet/sour. (Incompatible with Pine Resin. Averse to Scutellaria.) Nourishes lung qi, thickens intestines/stomach. Treats palpitations, deficiency, mental restlessness, abdominal pain, diarrhea, dysentery with pus/blood. Black Halloysite salty, nourishes kidney qi, strengthens yin. Treats genital ulcers, oral ulcers.
Alum (Fan Shi): Sour, astringent in taste, cold in nature. Non-toxic, some say slightly toxic. (Licorice Root [Gan Cao] acts as a guide, averse to Ephedra [Ma Huang], incompatible with Oyster Shell [Zhuang Li]. Use white, bright pieces for medicine.) Mainly treats cold-heat, dysentery with white discharge, genital erosion, malignant sores, scrofula, scabies. Eye pain, strengthens bones/teeth, toothache. Removes nasal polyps, dispels wind/phlegm, stops thirst, treats phlegm obstruction and heart/lung irritability. Chew raw and swallow saliva to treat acute throat obstruction. Calcined and ingested, lightens body, prevents aging. Water-repelling nature makes it useful for treating salivary disorders. For snake/scorpion bites, heat red-hot knife, place alum on it until melted, drip hot liquid on bite site for immediate cure. For paronychia caused by nail cutting or overgrowth, calcinate alum to powder, apply to sore; for severe pain, apply butter.
Green Vitriol (Lv Fan): Cool in taste, non-toxic. Mainly treats throat obstruction, dental caries, oral ulcers, malignant sores, scabies. Fermented crucian carp burned to ash and taken treats intestinal wind bleeding. Calcine until red, quench in strong vinegar, repeat three times, grind fine, make pills with jujube paste size of mung bean, take with warm water to treat intractable pediatric malnutrition.
Niter (Xiao Shi): Bitter, pungent, salty in taste, cold in nature, toxic. (Re-crystallized Mirabilite [Pu Xiao]; crystals forming on top are Mang Xiao, bottom ones burn like stone and flame. Fire acts as a guide. Incompatible with Sophora Root [Ku Shen], Ku Cai, and Chrysocolla [Zeng Qing].) Mainly treats five zang organ accumulation-heat, stomach distension/closure, purges accumulated food, eliminates old to generate new, removes evil qi. Treats typhoid abdominal high fever, irritability, thirst. Refined into paste, long-term use lightens body. A substance of heaven/earth/spirits, can transform metals/stones.
Mirabilite (Mang Xiao): (Formed by cooling Mirabilite solution in wooden basin, crystallizing with sharp edges.) Mainly treats five zang organ accumulations, chronic heat/stomach closure. Pungency moistens dryness, saltiness softens hardness/breaks blood stasis, removes phlegm-solidity, promotes bowel/bladder movement, regulates menstruation, breaks five stranguries, eliminates old to generate new. Classic says: Heat rampant internally treated with salty-cold, assisted by bitter-cold; thus Da Huang and Mang Xiao are used synergistically.
Mirabilite (Pu Xiao): Bitter, pungent, salty in taste, cold in nature, toxic. (Averse to Mai Ju Jiang. First harvest, boiled once to form.) Mainly treats hundred diseases with cold-heat evil qi, purges six fu organ accumulations, stubborn masses. Breaks blood stasis, stagnant phlegm, fullness, constipation/strangury, eliminates old to generate new. Treats epidemic febrile diseases, reduces swelling/toxins, drains pus. Softens hardness, dissolves seventy-two types of stones, calcined and ingested, lightens body, becomes immortal. Zhu Danxi said: Good at digestion and expulsion; used for disease, stop when cured; calcined for tonification, is this logical? The three nitrates are one substance; Pu Xiao is strongest, Mang Xiao second, Xiao Shi mildest.
Mirabilite Powder (Xuan Ming Fen): Pungent, sweet in taste, cold in nature. (Refined from Pu Xiao. Zhu Danxi said: Calcined by fire, warm nature. Yang within Yin.) Treats heart heat/irritability, five zang stagnation, intestinal waste, softens accumulations, resolves phlegm, brightens eyes. Clears upper jiao deficient heat, greatly clears stomach heat.
Salt (Shi Yan): Salty in taste, cold in nature. Non-toxic. (Leopard Root [Lou Lu] acts as a guide, Hedong origin is superior.) Mainly kills ghost/demon evil toxins, treats lower body sores. Vomits phlegm-rheum from chest, stops sudden heart/abdominal pain. Strengthens teeth, stops gum bleeding. For earthworm poisoning, wash in soup. Used to guide drugs to kidney. Excessive intake damages lungs, causes cough. Causes pallor, dark skin, moves blood, damages sinews; contraindicated in cough/water retention.
Xu Salt (Xu Yan): Salty in taste, cold in nature. Non-toxic. (From Western Qiang.) Mainly brightens eyes/treats eye pain, benefits qi, strengthens muscles/bones, removes gu poison. Treats heart/abdominal pain, hematuria, tongue/tooth bleeding. Clears irritability/phlegm-fullness, applies to scabies/abscesses/scrofula.
Lujian (Lu Jian): Bitter, salty in taste, cold in nature. Non-toxic. Mainly treats high fever, diabetes, mania, removes evil/gu poison, softens skin. Removes damp-heat, resolves phlegm, grinds masses. Cleans grease. Do not overdose; causes sudden damage.
Taiyin Xuanjing Shi (Taiyin Xuanjing Shi): Salty in taste, warm in nature. Non-toxic. (Blue-white with tortoise-shell pattern is good.) Mainly removes wind-cold/evil qi/damp-bi, tonifies essence/qi. Treats female chronic cold/leukorrhea, heart/abdominal cold accumulations.
Wuming Yi (Wuming Yi): Sweet in taste, neutral in nature. Non-toxic. (Resembles black forged stone, chewy like maltose.) Mainly treats metal wounds, fractures, flesh damage, stops pain, generates flesh.
Talcum (Hua Shi): Sweet in taste, cold in nature. Heavy in property. Non-toxic. Enters Foot Yangming meridian. (Pyrite Leaf [Shi Wei] acts as a guide. Averse to Chrysocolla [Zeng Qing]. White like congealed fat, soft/smooth is preferred; must be used with Licorice. Blue-black is unusable.) Mainly treats body heat, dysentery, female nursing difficulty, strangury. Promotes urination, opens nine orifices, vents upper qi, cleanses stomach of accumulated cold/heat. Benefits essence, long-term use lightens body, resists aging. Dries dampness, solidifies large intestine, transforms food toxins, moves stagnation. Expels coagulated blood, relieves dry-thirst, tonifies spleen/stomach, descends reckless fire; a key herb.
Gypsum (Shi Gao): Pungent, sweet in taste, slightly cold in nature. Non-toxic. Enters Hand Taiyin, Shaoyang, Foot Yangming meridians. (Chicken Egg acts as a guide. Incompatible with Aristolochia [Mang Cao] and Croton Seed [Ba Dou]. Averse to Iron. Fine texture, white/bright is good.) Mainly treats wind-stroke cold-heat, rebellious qi/palpitations in chest, dry mouth/scorched tongue, dyspnea. Abdominal hard pain, postpartum/metal wounds. Treats internal heat/fever/aversion to heat/dry heat, afternoon tidal fever. Typhoid/epidemic muscle high fever, splitting headache, extreme thirst. Clears metal/fire, moistens lungs, removes triple-jiao high heat, drains stomach fire. Treats stomach heat anorexia, or stomach heat polyphagia/thirst (due to pungency, releases muscle/sweat, ascends to head; due to sweetness, moderates spleen/benefits qi, stops thirst/generates fluids). Contraindicated in stomach deficiency-cold. Also whitens teeth.
Calcined Gypsum (Ning Shui Shi): (Also known as Cold Water Stone [Han Shui Shi].) Pungent, sweet in taste, cold in nature. Non-toxic. (Averse to Sanguisorba [Di Yu]. Must be calcined for use. Two types: longitudinal or transverse grain; blue-bright is preferred.) Mainly treats body heat/epidemics, abdominal accumulation-evil qi, burning skin, irritability, hidden five zang heat, stops thirst. Suppresses cinnabar/mineral toxicity, resolves Croton toxicity.
Li Shi (Li Shi): Pungent, sweet in taste, cold in nature. Non-toxic. (Talcum acts as a guide. Incompatible with Ephedra. Like Gypsum, fine grain.) Mainly treats intermittent body heat, severe accumulated heat, benefits stomach, relieves irritability/stops thirst, benefits essence/brightens eyes, breaks accumulations, removes three parasites.
Chang Shi (Chang Shi): Pungent, bitter in taste, cold in nature. Non-toxic. (Grain like horse tooth, square/shiny, jade-color like Gypsum but thicker/larger with longitudinal grain.) Mainly treats body heat, stomach fire/stagnant qi. Limb cold/impetigo, stops diabetes, promotes urination, unblocks blood vessels. Brightens eyes/removes opacity, expels three parasites, kills insect toxins.
Realgar (Xiong Huang): Bitter, sweet, pungent in taste, slightly cold. Some say very warm. Toxic. (From Wudu Mountain, red like chicken comb, bright/odorless is preferred; suitable for internal use, others only for sores.) Mainly treats cold-heat, rat fistulas, malignant sores, carbuncles/hemorrhoids/dead flesh, scabies/sores, nasal polyps, severed tendons/fractures, great wind in joints, evil gu poison/abdominal pain. Kills spirits/evil ghosts/insect toxins, surpasses weapons, kills snake/viper toxins. Calcined and eaten, lightens body/becomes immortal; worn, spirits cannot approach; tigers/wolves hide in forests; safe in rivers from toxic creatures. Pregnant women wearing it changes female fetus to male.
Orpiment (Ci Huang): Pungent, sweet in taste, neutral/cold. Toxic. (Grows with Realgar, formed by gold essence fumigation, golden color like mica, scales easily.) Mainly treats malignant sores, alopecia/scabies, kills toxic insects/bees/lice/snakes, body itch/evil toxins, genital sores.
Sulfur (Shi Liu Huang): Sour, sweet in taste, warm/very hot. Toxic. Mainly treats female genital erosion/carbuncles/hemorrhoids/bad blood and genital sores. Stops bleeding, kills scabies, strengthens bones/tendons, removes alopecia. Treats heart/abdominal cold masses, cough/reversed qi, cold/painful weak legs, boosts yang. Treats lower yuan deficiency-cold, impending qi exhaustion. Effective for chronic cold diarrhea, spleen/stomach weakness, impending death. Stop when effective, do not overdose. Essence of extreme yang, can transform gold/silver/copper/iron.
Mercury (Shui Yin): Pungent in taste, cold in nature. Slippery/heavy, toxic. (Averse to Magnetite, derived from Cinnabar.) Mainly treats rash/scabies/ulcers/alopecia, kills skin lice, induces abortion, clears heat. Applied to male genital sores, detoxifies. Kills gold/silver/copper/tin toxins, melts back into cinnabar. Coagulates with Lead, binds with Sulfur, disperses with Jujube paste, subdues with Placenta (Zi He Che).
Calomel (Qing Fen): Pungent in taste. (Avoid all blood sources; made by sublimating Mercury.) Mainly treats scrofula, kills sores/scabies/insects, nasal rosacea, wind-sores/dry itch.
Spirit Sand (Ling Sha): Sweet in taste, warm in nature. Non-toxic. (Averse to Magnetite, averse to cold water; made from Mercury/Sulfur calcination.) Mainly treats five zang diseases, nourishes spirit, calms soul. Benefits qi, brightens eyes. Unblocks blood vessels, stops irritability/fullness, kills spirits/evil ghosts.
Lead Monoxide (Mi Tuo Seng): Salty, pungent, sweet in taste, neutral in nature. Slightly toxic. Mainly treats chronic dysentery/five hemorrhoids, metal wounds/oral ulcers, facial scars, used in face creams.
Gold Dust (Jin Xie): (Same as Gold Foil.) Pungent in taste, neutral in nature. Toxic. (Averse to Mercury, use calcined; raw is fatal.) Mainly calms spirit, settles soul, strengthens bone marrow, unblocks five zang organs, treats pediatric wind-stroke epilepsy/loss of will.
Silver Dust (Yin Xie): (Same as Silver Foil.) Pungent in taste, neutral in nature. Toxic. (Use calcined.) Mainly calms five zang organs, settles heart spirit, stops palpitations. Removes evil qi, treats pediatric epilepsy/manic running.
Coral (Shan Hu): Sweet in taste, neutral in nature. Non-toxic. (Red/oily/jade-like is preferred.) Mainly treats old blood, epistaxis; insufflated into nose, calms heart/stops惊/brightens eyes, removes eye opacity.
Sal Ammoniac (Niao Sha): Salty, bitter, pungent in taste, warm in nature. Toxic. (Averse to brine, avoid sheep blood. Resembles saltpeter, clean/bright is good. Must settle/remove earth/stones, boil in porcelain pot over double boiler, do not use raw.) Mainly treats accumulations/masses, breaks blood/stimulates abortion, stops pain/descends qi. Treats chronic cold, removes bad flesh, generates flesh. Softens gold/silver for soldering. Combined with other herbs for eye opacity. Do not overdose; corrodes intestines/stomach.
Borax (Peng Sha): (Also known as Borax [Peng Sha].) Bitter, pungent in taste, warm in nature. Non-toxic. Resolves phlegm/stops cough, breaks masses, treats throat obstruction. Hold in mouth/swallow saliva for slow effect. Also used for soldering gold/silver.
Arsenic Trioxide (Pi Shuang): Bitter, sour in taste. Highly toxic. (Averse to Mung Bean, cold water, vinegar. Cook thoroughly to reduce toxicity. Best from Xinzhou palace wells. Yellow-red, clear/pure is good.) Mainly treats malaria/phlegm-wind in chest/diaphragm, can be used as emetic. Also reduces meat accumulations; highly damaging, do not take lightly.
Magnetite (Ci Shi): Pungent, salty in taste, cold in nature. Non-toxic. (Bupleurum Root [Chai Hu] acts as a guide. Kills iron toxicity. Incompatible with Peony, Aristolochia, Halloysite.) Mainly treats generalized bi-dampness, joint pain preventing object holding, soreness. Clears high fever/irritability/deafness/blurred vision. Nourishes kidneys, strengthens bones/qi, benefits essence. Unblocks joints, reduces abscesses/rat fistulas, neck nodes/throat pain, pediatric epilepsy. Decocted in water, aids fertility. If needle swallowed, take date pit-sized piece with hole, thread it, swallow; needle exits naturally.
Soft Iron (Rou Tie): (Wrought Iron.) Pungent in taste, neutral in nature. Toxic. (No iron enters pills/powders properly, only decoctions.) Mainly strengthens muscles/resists pain.
Iron Filings (Tie Luo): Pungent, sweet in taste, neutral in nature. Non-toxic. (Heat iron until red-hot, hammer into fine flakes on anvil.) Mainly treats wind-heat malignant sores, ulcer/smallpox scabs, scabies qi in skin.