\r面部观形察色图\ps30a2.bmp\r
额上属心火南
左腮属肝木东
鼻准属脾土中
右腮属肺金西
下颏属肾水北
观形察色辨因由，阴弱阳强发硬柔。若是伤寒双足冷，要知有
热肚皮求。鼻冷便知是疮疹，耳冷应知风热证，浑身皆热是伤寒，上热下冷伤食病。
五指稍头冷，惊来不可当。若逢中指热，必定是伤寒。中指独
自冷，麻痘证相传。女右男分左，分明仔细看。
面赤为风热，面青惊可详。心肝形此见，脉证辨温凉。脾怯黄
疳积，虚寒 白光。若逢生黑气，肾败命须亡。
心
心经有冷目无光，（太阴黑目无光彩，此心经冷也） 面赤须言热病当，
（面颊赤色，此为心有热也）赤在山根惊四足，（山根赤色，心经生风，下至准头，
恶也） 积看虚肿起阴阳。（三阴三阳虚肿，心有积也）
肝
肝经有冷面微青，（面青为肝受冷，主发惊也） 有热眉胞赤又临，（眉上
有红赤，为肝有热也） 发际白言惊气入。（发际至印堂略白者，为肝惊也） 食仓
黄是积果深，（眉上有红赤，为肝有热也）
脾
脾冷应知面色黄，（面黄，印堂反白者，为脾冷也） 三阳有白热为殃，（三阳上白
者，为脾热也）青居发际主惊候，（发际及印堂色青者，脾惊也） 唇口皆黄是积伤。（上、下唇黄，为脾受积也）
肺
肺受面白冷为由，（白色在面皮及人中，或青者，皆肺冷也）热赤人中及
嘴头，（人中及嘴头有赤者，肺有热也） 青在三根惊四足，（山根青色，是肺受惊
也） 热居发际积为仇。（发际赤色，乃有积也）
肾
面黑当知肾脏寒，（面带黑者，肾有冷也） 食仓红是热须看，（食仓红
者、肾有热也） 风门黄可言惊入，（风门黄者，肾有惊也） 两目微沉积所干。（
两目微沉，是积在肾也）
【面部观形察色图】
额头部位归属于心，对应五行之火与南方。
左脸颊部位归属于肝，对应五行之木与东方。
鼻头部位归属于脾，对应五行之土与中央。
右脸颊部位归属于肺，对应五行之金与西方。
下巴部位归属于肾，对应五行之水与北方。
观察形态和色泽以辨别病因：阴气虚弱而阳气强盛，会导致身体僵硬或柔软异常。如果是伤寒病（外感寒邪所致的疾病），双足会发冷；若要判断体内是否有热，需查看腹部情况。鼻子发冷便知是疮疹（皮肤出脓疱的疾患）；耳朵发冷应知是风热证（风热邪气侵袭所致的病证）；全身发热是伤寒病；上部热下部冷则是伤食病（饮食停滞不化所致的疾病）。
五个手指尖发冷，说明受到惊吓，病情危急难以抵挡。如果中指发热，必定是伤寒病。只有中指独自发冷，相传是麻疹、痘疮类的证候。女性看右手，男性看左手，要分明仔细地观察。
面色发红属于风热，面色发青可详细诊断为惊风（小儿惊厥类疾病）。心和肝的病变在此显现，通过脉象和症状来辨别温病（温热性质的疾病）或凉病。脾气虚弱表现为黄色，伴有疳积（小儿慢性营养不良性疾病）和虚寒导致的腹胀光亮。如果遇到生出的黑气，说明肾脏败坏，生命必将终结。
心
心经有寒气则目光无光彩。（太阴经气不足导致目光无光彩，这是心经有寒的表现）面色赤红必须说是热病正当时。（面颊赤色，这是心有热的表现）山根（两眼之间鼻梁根部）赤红预示四肢受惊。（山根赤色，表示心经受风，下行至鼻准，是不吉利的征兆）观察积滞要看虚肿出现在阴经还是阳经。（三阴三阳经出现虚肿，表示心有积滞）
肝
肝经有寒气则面色微青。（面色青为肝受寒，主发惊风）有热气则眉胞（眼睑）赤红来临。（眉毛上有红赤，为肝有热的表现）发际至印堂（两眉中间）略白说明惊气侵入。（发际至印堂颜色略白，为肝受惊的表现）食仓（眉上特定区域）发黄说明果积深重。（眉上有红赤，为肝有热的表现——注：此处原文括号内解释似有误，前文已述眉赤为热，此处黄应为积，依常理及上下文推断，但翻译忠实于原文逻辑，即指出该处特征对应积滞）
脾
脾脏寒冷应知面色发黄。（面色黄，印堂反白者，为脾脏寒冷）三阳经部位发白则热为祸殃。（三阳经部位发白，为脾脏有热）青色出现在发际主惊候。（发际及印堂色青者，为脾脏受惊）嘴唇口角皆黄是积滞损伤。（上下唇黄，为脾脏受积滞损伤）
肺
肺部受寒表现为面白且冷。（白色在面皮及人中，或见青色，皆是肺寒的表现）热邪炽盛则人中及嘴头发赤。（人中及嘴头有赤色者，为肺有热的表现）青色出现在山根（三根）预示四肢受惊。（山根青色，是肺脏受惊的表现）热邪出现在发际，积滞成为仇敌。（发际赤色，乃是有积滞的表现）
肾
面色发黑应当知道肾脏寒冷。（面带黑色者，为肾脏有寒的表现）食仓部位发红需要查看是否有热。（食仓发红者，为肾脏有热的表现）风门部位发黄可言惊气侵入。（风门发黄者，为肾脏受惊的表现）两眼微微下沉说明积滞所干犯。（两眼微微下沉，是积滞在肾脏的表现）
[Diagram of Observing Facial Shape and Color]
The forehead belongs to the Heart, corresponding to the Fire element and the South.
The left cheek belongs to the Liver, corresponding to the Wood element and the East.
The nose tip belongs to the Spleen, corresponding to the Earth element and the Center.
The right cheek belongs to the Lung, corresponding to the Metal element and the West.
The chin belongs to the Kidney, corresponding to the Water element and the North.
Observing shape and color helps distinguish the cause: Yin deficiency with Yang excess leads to stiffness or flaccidity. If it is *Shanghan* (Cold Damage disease), both feet will be cold; to determine if there is internal heat, one must examine the abdomen. A cold nose indicates *Chuangzhen* (skin eruptions/pustules); cold ears indicate a Wind-Heat syndrome; whole-body heat indicates *Shanghan*; upper body heat with lower body cold indicates *Shangshi* (Food Stagnation disease).
Coldness at the tips of the five fingers indicates severe fright that is difficult to withstand. Heat in the middle finger definitely indicates *Shanghan*. Coldness isolated to the middle finger is traditionally associated with Measles and Smallpox syndromes. For females, observe the right hand; for males, the left hand; observe clearly and carefully.
A red face indicates Wind-Heat; a greenish-blue face allows for detailed diagnosis of Fright (*Jing*). Pathologies of the Heart and Liver are manifested here; differentiate Warm diseases from Cool diseases through pulse and symptoms. Spleen deficiency presents as yellow complexion, accompanied by *Ganji* (infantile malnutrition/accumulation) and abdominal distension with a shiny appearance due to deficiency-cold. The emergence of black qi indicates Kidney failure and impending death.
Heart
Coldness in the Heart Meridian results in lackluster eyes. (Lackluster eyes due to Taiyin insufficiency indicate Heart Meridian cold.) A red face signifies that a Heat disease is prevailing. (Red cheeks indicate Heat in the Heart.) Redness at the Shan Gen (root of the nose between the eyes) predicts fright affecting the four limbs. (Redness at the Shan Gen indicates Wind in the Heart Meridian extending to the nose tip, an ominous sign.) Observe accumulation by checking for edema in the Yin or Yang meridians. (Edema in the Three Yin and Three Yang meridians indicates accumulation in the Heart.)
Liver
Coldness in the Liver Meridian causes a slightly blue-green face. (Blue-green face indicates Liver cold, which predisposes to fright.) Heat manifests as redness in the eyelids. (Redness above the eyebrows indicates Heat in the Liver.) Whiteness from the hairline to the Yin Tang (space between eyebrows) suggests invasion by fright Qi. (Slight whiteness from hairline to Yin Tang indicates Liver fright.) Yellowing at the Shi Cang (area above eyebrows) indicates deep fruit accumulation. (Note: Original text bracket mentions redness for heat, but context implies yellow for accumulation; translating based on the primary symptom described.)
Spleen
Coldness in the Spleen is known by a yellow face. (Yellow face with white Yin Tang indicates Spleen cold.) Whiteness in the Three Yang areas brings heat as a calamity. (Whiteness in the Three Yang areas indicates Spleen heat.) Greenness at the hairline indicates a fright condition. (Greenness at the hairline and Yin Tang indicates Spleen fright.) Yellow lips and mouth indicate damage from accumulation. (Yellow upper and lower lips indicate Spleen accumulation.)
Lung
A white and cold face indicates Lung cold. (White skin on the face and Ren Zhong, or bluish tones, all indicate Lung cold.) Heat and redness at the Ren Zhong and mouth corners indicate Lung heat. (Redness at the Ren Zhong and mouth corners indicates Lung heat.) Greenness at the San Gen (Shan Gen) indicates fright affecting the four limbs. (Greenness at the Shan Gen indicates Lung fright.) Heat at the hairline indicates accumulation as an adversary. (Redness at the hairline indicates accumulation.)
Kidney
A black face indicates Kidney cold. (Black complexion indicates Kidney cold.) Redness at the Shi Cang requires examination for heat. (Redness at the Shi Cang indicates Kidney heat.) Yellowness at the Feng Men indicates invasion by fright. (Yellowness at the Feng Men indicates Kidney fright.) Slight sinking of the two eyes indicates dryness caused by accumulation. (Slight sinking of the eyes indicates accumulation in the Kidney.)