The symptoms of headache are the most difficult to differentiate. Pain caused by strong wind invading the bones, pain caused by intense heat invading the bones, pain caused by phlegm stagnating in the chest, and pain caused by deficiency and subtlety of Yuan Qi (Original Qi). For headache due to excess Heart Fire, the six pulses all correspond to the Heart; thus, cooling Heart medicines should be used. For headache due to excess Wind, the six pulses all belong to the Liver; thus, cooling Liver medicines should be used. Heat in the Qi generating saliva can also cause headache; thus, the aforementioned salivary-resolving medicines should be used. When Kidney Water is in excess and invades the Heart, as stated in the classics, Heart Qi ascends, causing pain to remain between the eyebrows and vertex, extending to the chest when severe, or causing headache and pain at Naohu (DU16); warming the Kidney is appropriate. If it is solely the initial onset of Cold-Dampness Qi, not yet invading the Heart, Cold Evil lodging in the body often attacks the Yin aspects, ascending through Fengchi (GB20) and Re Fu, causing cloudiness and discomfort in the head and eyes, tension and spasm of the two large tendons at the back of the head, dizziness and blurred vision of the eyebrows and eyes. This indicates that the Cold Evil has not entered the Zang organs; the six pulses all belong to the category of initial Cold damage, appearing floating, scattered, and rapid. Thus, the aforementioned diaphoretic medicines should be used.

Some people suffer from abdominal pain, with diverse manifestations, and the descriptions in the classics are also variable. When Dampness Evil is in excess, leading to abdominal fullness and pain, reduced appetite, heaviness of the body, inability to lift the limbs, borborygmus, and intestinal diarrhea, this formula, Shenhe San (Harmonizing Powder), should be used.
Ingredients: Caodoukou (Alpiniae Katsumadai Semen), Roudoukou (Myristicae Semen), Chenjupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) (each 0.5 liang); Ezhu (Curcumae Rhizoma) (each 1 fen), Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus) (3 zhu), Helile (Terminalia Chebulae Fructus) (3 zhu), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) (10 zhu).
Grind the above into a fine powder. Take 3 qian per dose. On an empty stomach, decoct with one sheng of water and two dates until reduced to 0.8 sheng, then strain and take.

Injury from cold food causes Jue (Cold Reversal) Qi to enter the Stomach, causing cramping abdominal pain. This differs from the pulse of excess Cold-Dampness abdominal pain. If Cold-Dampness Qi is in excess causing abdominal pain, the six pulses are all subtle, fine, and deep, with occasional slight beating. This corresponds to the classic saying: "Yang stringy pulse indicates headache, Yin subtle pulse indicates abdominal pain." However, if injured by cold/cold substances, the six pulses become tight and subtle. A tight pulse corresponds to palpable masses in the abdomen. For injury by substances, the pulse must have form; for injury by dampness, the pulse stops at being merely subtle. Use Shenhe San, adding Dafupi (Arecae Pericarpium) 0.5 liang as the main treatment. If feeling that cold substances have not transformed, add a small amount of Qingjupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride). Add a small amount of Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) to each dose.

Clear Cold Qi entering the Stomach causes pain in both hypochondria and the lower abdomen. This is formed by the Clear and Descending Qi of the Lung. The six pulses should be urgent and slightly wiry; the Lung pulse alone is large and excess. The Left Chi pulse is subtle, small, and urgent. This is because the Clear and Descending Qi flows into the middle jiao, where Cold gathers, forming a palpable mass in the lower abdomen. The classics state: "Cold affecting the lower abdomen... in severe cases becomes Zheng Jia (masses) in women and Shan (hernia) in men." The Lung governs the Mao (Hairy) pulse; if floating, it indicates Heat; if deep and large, it indicates Cold. When Cold gathers, the large pulse contracts to become small and urgent; even more severely, it becomes tight. Tightness indicates pain and corresponds to palpable masses in the abdomen, following the principle of similarity. Warm and move Lung Qi to dissipate it.
Ingredients: Chenjupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Peng'ezhu (Curcumae Rhizoma), Ziwan (Asternatis Radix), Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) (each 1 fen); Dafupi (Arecae Pericarpium).
Grind into a fine powder. To take, decoct 3 qian with one sheng of water and two slices of fresh ginger until 0.8 sheng remains, then strain and take.

When Lung Qi is in excess and has already injured the Liver, it can cause heaviness of the body, vexation and oppression, chest pain radiating to the back. Use the previous formula, followed by this formula to warm and move Liver Qi: Ren Shen San (Ginseng Powder).
Ingredients: Ren Shen (Panacis Ginseng Radix) (0.5 liang), Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Sangjisheng (Taxilli Herba), Bijieli (Tribuli Fructus) (processed), Huoxiang (Pogostemonis Herba) (4 zhu), Wuweizi (Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus) (0.5 liang), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) (4 zhu).
Grind into a fine powder. Take 3 qian per dose. Decoct with one sheng of water and two dates until 0.8 sheng remains, then take.

Some people suffer from pain in the epigastrium directly behind the heart. Pain worsens after eating, extending to the abdomen with urgency. The six pulses are wiry, tight, and long; treat with Liver medicines. Some people suffer from non-timely Qi pain and discomfort in both hypochondria, resembling accumulations. There is pulsation in the abdomen, restlessness, and in severe cases, formation of Qi masses rushing up to the throat, distending the head and eyes, sticky mouth and tongue, dark yellow urine, pain rushing to the Heart, and restless sleep at night. This is caused by Liver Phlegm-Saliva accumulating with Blood. The pulse should be flooding, large, deep, and solid, with bone-force. Heat in the Liver pulse generates Wind causing pain, resulting in a wiry and long pulse. Now, seeing flooding, large, deep, and solid instead, this indicates stagnant Phlegm-Saliva. Use Jingjie San (Schizonepeta Powder).
Ingredients: Jingjisui (Schizonepetae Spica), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex), Jingzi (Bambusae Caulis Internodium) (each 1 fen).
Take 3 qian per dose after meals. Decoct with one sheng of water, one slice of fresh ginger, and a little Banxia powder until three or four boils occur, then strain and take. If stool is not very constipated, reduce Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma); if very constipated, prepare Dahuang powder separately and adjust dosage accordingly. Dahuang should be processed personally and powdered just before use.

Su Wen: Ju Tong Lun states: "When Cold Qi lodges outside the vessels, the vessels become cold. Cold vessels contract and curl. Contraction leads to shortening and urgency. Urgency pulls on the exterior collaterals, causing sudden pain. Heat stops the pain." The pulse is identical to that of Cold-Dampness Qi. Use Shenhe San.

Ju Tong Lun states: "When Cold Qi lodges within the main vessels and contends with Heat Qi, the vessels become full. Fullness and swelling cause chaotic Blood and Qi, leading to severe pain that cannot be pressed. The pulse is scattered and full under the fingers, large but with few beats, lacking bone-force. Remove the Cold and move the Blood and Qi."
Ingredients: Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Da Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Peng'ezhu (Curcumae Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) (4 zhu), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) (10 zhu).
Grind into a fine powder. Take 3 qian per dose at irregular times. Decoct with one sheng of water until 0.8 sheng remains, then take.

Ju Tong Lun states: "When Cold Qi lodges between the intestines and stomach, below the membrane source, Blood cannot disperse, and small collaterals contract urgently, causing pain. Pressing disperses Blood and Qi, stopping pain. The pulse is relatively large, relaxed, and deep. Use the previous medicine containing Qingjupi."

Ju Tong Lun states: "When Cold lodges in the paravertebral vessels, it cannot be reached by pressing, so pressing yields no result. The paravertebral region is where the Lü vessels run. The pulse should be deep and beating at the Chi position. Move the Kidney Meridian to remove Cold."
Ingredients: Wuyao (Linderae Radix) (1 fen), Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Jingsanleng (Sparganii Rhizoma), Gancao (Licorice Root) (processed, 3 zhu).
Grind into a fine powder. Take 3 qian on an empty stomach, decocted with one sheng of water.

Ju Tong Lun states: "When Cold lodges in the Chong Mai, which originates at Guanyuan and ascends straight up the abdomen, invasion by Cold causes vessel obstruction. Vessel obstruction leads to Qi obstruction, causing pulsation felt by the hand. The pulse should be substantial, large, and palpable, uneven, light and slippery yet tight, coming rapidly and departing slowly, as if restrained. Unblock the vessels and move the Qi."
Ingredients: Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix) (0.5 liang), Dafupi (Arecae Pericarpium), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) (add two bean-sized amounts per dose).
Grind into a fine powder. Take 3 qian per dose with three slices of fresh ginger, decocted until 0.8 sheng remains. Stop when the bowels are unblocked. After taking Shenhe San, if evening panting occurs, warm and tonify the Lung.

Ju Tong Lun states: "When Cold lodges in the Back-Shu vessels, the pulse becomes choppy. Choppy pulse indicates Blood deficiency. Blood deficiency causes pain. Back-Shu relates to the Heart, so they pull each other causing pain. Pressing brings Heat; arrival of Heat stops pain. Choppy pulse is due to Blood deficiency failing to move the vessels. The six pulses are fine and rapid, especially subtle in the Liver and Heart. The Heart pulse resembles a Kun (scalloped) pulse, disappearing upon heavy pressure. Often there is sweating. Tonify Blood to protect the Heart."
Ingredients: Ren Shen (Panacis Ginseng Radix) (1 liang), Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) (0.5 liang), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Yanhusuo (Corydalis Rhizoma) (1 fen), Chenxiang (Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum) (3 zhu), Chenjupi (Citri Retciculatae Pericarpium) (10 zhu).

Que Shang Yu (Text missing/erroneous here)

Ju Tong Lun states: "When Cold lodges in the Jueyin vessels, which connect to the genitalia and tie to the Liver, Cold lodging in the vessels causes congealed Blood and vessel urgency, pulling on the hypochondria and lower abdomen. The pulse is lightly wiry. The Liver pulse connects to the Kidney pulse; wiry, long, and tight. Severe cases extend to Chi, becoming wiry. Use this formula."
Ingredients: Bijieli (Tribuli Fructus) (0.5 liang, stir-fried, tips removed), Manjingzi (Vitalae Fructus) (1 fen), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix), Huangqi (Astragali Radix) (10 zhu, nodes removed).
Grind into a fine powder. Take 3 qian on an empty stomach, decocted with one sheng of water and two dates until 0.8 sheng remains, then take.

Ju Tong Lun states: "When Cold lodges between the membrane source of the Small Intestine and the collateral blood, Blood congeals and cannot flow into the main vessels. Blood and Qi stagnate and fail to move, suddenly forming accumulations. The pulse is deep, large, and solid. Bladder moves and makes sound. Unblock the Small Intestine."
Ingredients: Xuerong (likely a specific preparation or typo, possibly referring to blood-invigorating herbs), Da Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Peng'ezhu (Curcumae Rhizoma) (each 0.5 liang), Bibi (Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma).
Grind into a fine powder. Make honey pills like wu zi (wuju seeds). Take 50-70 pills on an empty stomach with clear soup.

Ju Tong Lun states: "When Cold lodges in the Zang organs, Jue reverses and leaks upward. Yin Qi is exhausted, Yang Qi has not entered. Sudden loss of consciousness occurs. Life returns when Qi reverses. The pulse is hidden and large, extremely lacking bone-force. All three positions are Kun (scalloped). Body has cold sweat. Moxibustion at Qihai (CV6) is indicated, followed by warm medicines."

Ju Tong Lun states: "When Cold lodges in the intestines and stomach, Jue reverses and emerges upward, causing pain and vomiting. The pulse is fine and slippery. Use Shenhe San, adding Fuling (Poria) and Ren Shen (Panacis Ginseng Radix) each 0.5 liang."