经云∶阳之汗，以天地之雨名之。此言阴阳和而雨泽降，非病也，惟无因而汗，斯为病
矣。
或谓汗出于心或出于脾，或谓心脾二脏为汗之总司，实不知五脏皆能令人汗出也。夫在内为
血，在外为汗，而心实主血，此汗之主于心，西南坤土，在人为脾，人之汗，犹土气湿热蒸
为雨露，此汗之出于脾。金脏主气，又主皮毛，气虚则腠理不固，而津液泄，此汗之出于肺
。木脏主风，又主疏泄，故伤风必自汗，此汗之出于肝。肾主五液，又主闭脏，阴虚则阳垂
之，故虚劳多盗汗，此汗之出于肾。又如经云∶惊而夺精，汗出于心；持重远行，汗出于肾
；疾走恐惧，汗出于肝；动摇劳苦，汗出于脾；饮食饱甚，汗出于胃。由是观之，不惟五脏
有汗，而六腑亦有汗矣。然约言之。自汗盗汗，无不由于心肾两虚而得之者。盖津与汗同类
，随其阳气所在之处而生，亦随其火扰之处而泄为汗。自汗者，不因发散，不因劳动，不分
寤寐，溱溱然自然汗出，由阴蒸于阳分也。玉屏风散主之。盗汗者眠熟则出，醒则倏然而收
，即《内经》之寝汗，阳蒸于阴分也，当归六黄汤主之。盖肾虚即阴虚，阴虚阳必凑，不能
内营而退脏，则盗汗而发热，多属内伤也。心虚即阳虚，阳虚阴必垂。不能卫外而为固。则
自汗而发热，多属外伤。又汗孔谓之鬼门，盗汗甚则令人丧魄，阴阳之道，阳密乃固，自汗
甚则令人妄阳。二汗之义，大概如斯。然伤寒邪在半表半里，似盗汗者，则非阴虚之比，又
为小柴胡汤之证矣。火气上蒸，胃湿而自汗，则非阳虚之比，又为凉膈散之证矣，学人详之
。
《黄帝内经》说：阳气的汗出，可以用天地间的雨水来命名。这是指阴阳调和而雨泽下降，并非疾病；只有没有诱因的自发性出汗，才是病态。
有人说汗出于心或脾，有人说心和脾两脏是主管出汗的总枢纽，实际上并不知道五脏都能导致人出汗。在内为血，在外为汗，而心主血，所以汗由心主导（此处原文逻辑似有跳跃，结合下文及中医理论，通常认为“汗为心之液”，但原文此处表述较为独特，依文直译）；西南坤土对应人体为脾，人的汗，就像土地湿热蒸腾形成雨露一样，所以汗出于脾；肺属金，主气，又主皮毛，气虚则腠理不固，津液外泄，所以汗出于肺；肝属木，主风，又主疏泄，所以伤风必然自汗，因此汗出于肝；肾主五液，又主闭藏，阴虚则阳气下陷/外越，所以虚劳病人多盗汗，因此汗出于肾。
又如《内经》说：受惊耗夺精气，汗出于心；负重远行，汗出于肾；疾跑恐惧，汗出于肝；身体动摇劳苦，汗出于脾；饮食过饱，汗出于胃。由此看来，不仅五脏有汗，六腑也有汗了。然而概括来说，自汗和盗汗，无不由于心肾两虚所致。因为津液与汗同类，随着阳气所在之处而生，也随着火邪扰动之处而泄出成为汗。自汗，是不因发散治疗、不因劳动、不分清醒还是睡眠，溱溱然自然出汗，这是由于阴气蒸腾于阳分所致。用玉屏风散主治。盗汗，是在熟睡时出汗，醒来后突然停止，即《内经》所说的寝汗，这是由于阳气蒸腾于阴分所致，用当归六黄汤主治。肾虚即是阴虚，阴虚则阳气必凑集（内扰），不能内营而退守脏腑，则出现盗汗并伴有发热，多属于内伤。心虚即是阳虚，阳虚则阴气必下垂（外越），不能卫护体表而固密，则出现自汗并伴有发热，多属于外伤。另外，汗孔称为鬼门，盗汗严重会导致人丧魄，阴阳的道理在于阳气致密才能固摄，自汗严重会导致人妄动阳气。这两种汗的含义，大致如此。然而伤寒邪气在半表半里之间，症状类似盗汗的，则不属于阴虚一类，又是小柴胡汤的证候了。火气上蒸，胃中有湿而自汗的，则不属于阳虚一类，又是凉膈散的证候了，学习的人要详细辨析。
The *Classic of Internal Medicine* states: "Sweat of Yang is named after the rain of heaven and earth." This refers to the descent of rain due to the harmony of Yin and Yang, which is not a disease; only spontaneous sweating without an apparent cause constitutes a pathology.
Some argue that sweat originates from the Heart or Spleen, or that these two Zang organs are the primary controllers of sweating. In reality, it is unknown that all five Zang organs can induce sweating. Internally, blood resides; externally, sweat manifests. Since the Heart governs blood, sweat is primarily associated with the Heart. The Kun trigram in the southwest corresponds to the Spleen in the human body. Human sweat is akin to dew and rain formed by the steaming of dampness and heat in the soil; thus, sweat originates from the Spleen. The Lung, belonging to Metal, governs Qi and the skin/hair. When Qi is deficient, the interstices (Couli) fail to remain secure, leading to the leakage of Jin-Ye (Body Fluids); thus, sweat originates from the Lung. The Liver, belonging to Wood, governs Wind and dispersing/descending functions. Therefore, contracting wind inevitably leads to spontaneous sweating; thus, sweat originates from the Liver. The Kidney governs the Five Fluids and closure/storage. When Yin is deficient, Yang tends to descend or escape; therefore, patients with consumptive diseases often experience night sweats; thus, sweat originates from the Kidney.
Furthermore, the Classics state: "Shock depletes Jing (Essence), causing sweat from the Heart"; "Carrying heavy loads and traveling far causes sweat from the Kidney"; "Running fast and feeling fear causes sweat from the Liver"; "Physical movement and labor cause sweat from the Spleen"; "Eating until very full causes sweat from the Stomach." From this perspective, not only do the five Zang organs produce sweat, but the six Fu organs also do. However, summarizing briefly, both spontaneous sweating (Zihan) and night sweats (Daohan) invariably result from the deficiency of both the Heart and the Kidney. Jin-Ye and sweat are of the same category; they generate where Yang Qi resides and exude as sweat where Fire disturbs. Spontaneous sweating occurs profusely and naturally, regardless of dispersion therapy, physical exertion, or wakefulness/sleep, caused by Yin steaming into the Yang aspect. It is treated with Yù Píng Fēng Sǎn (Jade Windscreen Powder). Night sweats occur during deep sleep and cease abruptly upon waking; this is known as "sweat during sleep" in the *Inner Canon*, caused by Yang steaming into the Yin aspect. It is treated with Dāng Guī Liù Huáng Tāng (Angelica Hexa-Huang Decoction). Kidney deficiency implies Yin deficiency; when Yin is deficient, Yang inevitably intrudes, failing to nourish internally and retreat into the Zang, resulting in night sweats accompanied by fever, which mostly belongs to internal injury. Heart deficiency implies Yang deficiency; when Yang is deficient, Yin inevitably descends, failing to guard the exterior and maintain solidity, resulting in spontaneous sweating accompanied by fever, which mostly belongs to external injury. Additionally, sweat pores are called "Ghost Gates" (Guimen). Severe night sweats can cause the loss of Po (Corporeal Soul). The principle of Yin and Yang dictates that Yang must be dense to ensure solidity; severe spontaneous sweating can cause the reckless movement of Yang. The meanings of these two types of sweating are roughly as described above. However, if Shaoyang syndrome (pathogen between the half-exterior and half-interior) presents symptoms resembling night sweats, it does not compare to Yin deficiency, but rather constitutes a pattern for Xiǎo Chái Hú Tāng (Minor Bupleurum Decoction). If Fire Qi steams upward and dampness exists in the Stomach causing spontaneous sweating, it does not compare to Yang deficiency, but rather constitutes a pattern for Liáng Gé Sǎn (Cooling the Diaphragm Powder). Students should examine this carefully.