论曰小儿身体憎寒壮热，舌涩口干，发耸毛焦，皮肤枯燥，睡多盗汗，乳食虽多，肌肉
消瘦
故令
治小儿干疳，腹胀气急，退热。龙齿散方
龙齿（烧研） 龙脑（锉） 桔梗（炒） 白茯苓（去黑皮） 桂（去粗皮） 麝香（研
各一分） 蜣
上七味，捣研为散，一二岁儿每服半钱匕，用温水调下，三四岁儿一钱匕，空心午后服
，更量儿大小加减。
治小儿干疳瘦瘁。胡黄连散方
胡黄连 犀角屑 白羊肝（切焙为末各一分） 麝香（研一钱）
上四味，捣罗为散，每服半钱匕，生地黄汁小半盏调下，空心日午服，更量儿大小加减
治小儿干疳瘦瘁，鼻痒口疮。龙脑散方
龙脑 芦荟 麝香 青黛（各别研） 黄连（去须捣末） 羊子肝（切焙捣末）
上六味等分，同研细和匀，每服半钱或一字，吹鼻中，及涂口中。
治小儿干疳体热。茵芋丸方
茵芋 细辛（去苗叶） 黄芩（去黑心） 甘草（炙） 龙齿（烧灰） 石膏（碎） 松
罗（各三
上九味，捣罗为末，炼蜜和丸，如麻子大，一二岁儿每服三丸，米饮下，三四岁五七丸
，更量儿大小加减。
治小儿干疳，身多壮热、黄瘦。黄连丸方
黄连（去须） 黄柏（去粗皮） 甘草（炙） 青橘皮（汤浸去白焙各一分）
上四味，捣罗为末，入麝香少许和匀，以 猪胆汁和，却入胆内盛，用线子系定，于
器内
大，
治小儿干疳，瘦弱萎黄。保童丸方
大黄（锉炒一两） 黄连（去须半两） 夜明砂 楝实（麸炒各一分）
上四味，捣罗为末，炼蜜丸如豌豆大，麝香汤下三丸五丸，更量大小加减。
治小儿干疳，体热肌瘦。金蟾丸方
蟾头（一枚炙） 黄连（去须） 胡黄连 木香（各一分） 大黄（锉炒半分）
上五味，捣罗为末，粟米饭和丸，如麻子大，每服五丸至十丸，米饮下，更量大小加减
治小儿干疳肌热。化食压惊。麝香丸方
麝香（研一钱） 青黛（研） 雷丸 鹤虱（炒） 贯众（去皴皮） 黄连（去须各一
两） 巴豆
上七味，除麝香青黛巴豆外，余捣罗为末，共和研匀，用 猪胆汁浸炊饼和丸，如绿
豆大，每服五七丸，空心日午米饮下。更量儿大小加减。
治小儿干疳肌热。青黛散方
青黛（别研半两） 苦楝根（锉三两） 黄连（去须） 雄黄（别研） 丹砂（别研各
一分） 麝
上九味，除别研外，捣罗为散，每服半钱或一钱匕，米饮调下，日再服，更量大小加减
治小儿干疳体热。胡黄连丸方
胡黄连 黄连（去须各半两） 丹砂（研） 木香（各一分）
上四味，捣罗为末，用 猪胆填药在内，取线紧系，以杖子一条，横于铫子上，将药
胆挂上面，勿令着铫底，用浆水煮一炊时，取出入芦荟麝香各一分，研细和匀，饭尖丸如黍
米大，每服五丸至七丸，米泔温水下，更量大小加减。
消肌疳烦热，化肠胃食滞，令儿能食。破积丸方
木香 青橘皮（去白焙） 桂（去粗皮各一两） 吴茱萸（汤浸焙干炒二两） 砂（醋
熬成
上六味，捣罗四味为末，与 砂巴豆霜拌匀，醋煮面糊，丸如绿豆大，每服三丸至五丸
，早晚食后临卧各一服，大便利则减丸数。
治小儿干疳，肌肉消瘦，饮食不减，寒热枯瘁。诃黎勒丸方
诃黎勒皮（捣末三分） 肉豆蔻（去壳一枚捣末） 青黛（研） 麝香（研） 芦荟（研）
熊胆
上七味，同研令匀，用酒煮面糊和丸，如黍米大，每服三丸至五丸，米饮下，更量儿大
小加减。
治小儿身体寒热，皮毛枯燥，饮食虽多，肌肉消瘦，嘿嘿不慧，名曰干疳。蟾蜍煎丸方
干蟾（大者五枚细锉用醇酒五升文火煎烂去骨研滤去滓入蜜四两银器内重汤熬成稠膏）
胡黄连 黄连（去须） 白芜荑仁（炒各二两） 麝香（研半两）
上五味，捣研四味为末，以前蟾膏和剂，丸如麻子大，每服十五丸，米饮下，不拘时，
过至十岁以前，并宜服，大能退疳黄。长肌肉。
治小儿干疳，饮食如常，肌体羸瘦，时作寒热，皮毛枯焦，嘿嘿不慧。胡黄连丸方
胡黄连（半两） 黄连（去须） 白芜荑仁（各一两） 木香（半两）
上四味，捣为细末， 猪胆和于盏内，坐饭甑中蒸两度为丸，如粟米大，服二十丸，
饮下。
【论述】小儿身体憎恶寒冷且壮热，舌体涩滞、口干，头发耸立、毛发枯焦，皮肤干燥粗糙，嗜睡且夜间盗汗，虽然乳食摄入较多，但肌肉消瘦。因此制定治疗小儿干疳（一种以形体消瘦、脾胃受损为主的儿科病证）的方剂，用于缓解腹胀气急、退热的症状。龙齿散方：龙齿（烧后研细）、龙脑（切碎）、桔梗（炒制）、白茯苓（去除黑皮）、桂枝（去除粗皮）、麝香（研细），各取一分；蜣螂（去翅足，炒）。以上七味药，捣碎研成散剂。一至两岁的幼儿每次服用半钱匕，用温水调服；三至四岁的幼儿每次服用一钱匕，空腹或午后服用，并根据患儿体型大小酌情增减剂量。
治疗小儿干疳导致的身体瘦弱憔悴。胡黄连散方：胡黄连、犀角屑、白羊肝（切片焙干后研末，各取一分）、麝香（研细，一钱）。以上四味药，捣碎过筛成散剂，每次服用半钱匕，用生地黄汁小半盏调服，空腹或日午时服用，并根据患儿体型大小酌情增减剂量。
治疗小儿干疳导致的身体瘦弱憔悴、鼻痒、口疮。龙脑散方：龙脑、芦荟、麝香、青黛（分别单独研细）、黄连（去除须根后捣成末）、羊子肝（切片焙干后捣成末）。以上六味药等量分配，共同研细混合均匀，每次服用半钱或一字量，吹入鼻中，并涂抹于口腔内。
治疗小儿干疳导致的身体发热。茵芋丸方：茵芋、细辛（去除苗叶）、黄芩（去除黑心部分）、甘草（炙制）、龙齿（烧成灰）、石膏（打碎）、松罗（各取三两）。以上九味药，捣碎过筛成粉末，用炼蜜调和制成丸剂，如麻子大小。一至两岁幼儿每次服用三丸，米汤送服；三至四岁幼儿每次服用五至七丸，并根据患儿体型大小酌情增减剂量。
治疗小儿干疳，身体多壮热、面色萎黄消瘦。黄连丸方：黄连（去除须根）、黄柏（去除粗皮）、甘草（炙制）、青橘皮（热水浸泡去除白色内瓤后焙干，各取一分）。以上四味药，捣碎过筛成粉末，加入少许麝香混合均匀，用猪胆汁调和，再放入猪胆内盛装，用线系紧，置于器内蒸煮至丸药如麻子大。
治疗小儿干疳，身体瘦弱、面色萎黄。保童丸方：大黄（锉碎炒制，一两）、黄连（去除须根，半两）、夜明砂、楝实（麸皮炒制，各取一分）。以上四味药，捣碎过筛成粉末，用炼蜜制成如豌豆大小的丸剂，用麝香汤送服三至五丸，并根据患儿体型大小酌情增减剂量。
治疗小儿干疳，身体发热、肌肉消瘦。金蟾丸方：蟾头（一枚，炙制）、黄连（去除须根）、胡黄连、木香（各取一分）、大黄（锉碎炒制，半分）。以上五味药，捣碎过筛成粉末，用粟米饭调和制成丸剂，如麻子大小，每次服用五至十丸，米汤送服，并根据患儿体型大小酌情增减剂量。
治疗小儿干疳引起的肌肉发热，具有消食化积、镇惊安神的作用。麝香丸方：麝香（研细，一钱）、青黛（研细）、雷丸、鹤虱（炒制）、贯众（去除皱皮）、黄连（去除须根，各一两）、巴豆（去皮心，熬制）。以上七味药，除麝香、青黛、巴豆外，其余药物捣碎过筛成粉末，与上述三味药共同研匀，用猪胆汁浸湿炊饼调和制成丸剂，如绿豆大小，每次服用五至七丸，空腹或日午时用米汤送服，并根据患儿体型大小酌情增减剂量。
治疗小儿干疳引起的肌肉发热。青黛散方：青黛（单独研细，半两）、苦楝根（锉碎，三两）、黄连（去除须根）、雄黄（单独研细）、丹砂（单独研细，各取一分）、麝香（研细）。以上九味药，除需单独研细的药物外，其余捣碎过筛成散剂，每次服用半钱或一钱匕，米汤调服，每日两次，并根据患儿体型大小酌情增减剂量。
治疗小儿干疳引起的身体发热。胡黄连丸方：胡黄连、黄连（去除须根，各半两）、丹砂（研细）、木香（各取一分）。以上四味药，捣碎过筛成粉末，将药物填入猪胆内，用线紧紧系住，取一根杖子横放在铫子（煎药器具）上，将装有药物的猪胆悬挂在上方，不要接触铫底，用浆水（淘米水发酵液）煮一顿饭的时间，取出后加入芦荟、麝香各一分，研细混合均匀，制成如黍米大小的丸剂，每次服用五至七丸，米泔温水送服，并根据患儿体型大小酌情增减剂量。
消除肌肉疳积引起的烦热，化解肠胃食积停滞，使幼儿恢复食欲。破积丸方：木香、青橘皮（去除白色内瓤后焙干）、桂枝（去除粗皮，各一两）、吴茱萸（热水浸泡后焙干炒制，二两）、硇砂（醋熬制）、巴豆霜（各适量）。以上六味药，将前四味药捣碎过筛成粉末，与硇砂、巴豆霜拌匀，用醋煮面糊调和，制成如绿豆大小的丸剂，每次服用三至五丸，早晚饭后及临睡前各服一次，若大便通畅则减少丸数。
治疗小儿干疳，肌肉消瘦，饮食不减，寒热交替，身体枯瘦憔悴。诃黎勒丸方：诃黎勒皮（捣成末，三分）、肉豆蔻（去壳一枚，捣成末）、青黛（研细）、麝香（研细）、芦荟（研细）、熊胆（适量）。以上七味药，共同研匀，用酒煮面糊调和制成丸剂，如黍米大小，每次服用三至五丸，米汤送服，并根据患儿体型大小酌情增减剂量。
治疗小儿身体寒热交替，皮毛干燥粗糙，饮食虽多但肌肉消瘦，神情沉默呆滞，名为干疳。蟾蜍煎丸方：干蟾（大的五枚，细切，用醇酒五升文火煎烂，去骨研细过滤去渣，加入蜂蜜四两，在银器中隔水熬成稠膏）、胡黄连、黄连（去除须根）、白芜荑仁（炒制，各二两）、麝香（研细，半两）。以上五味药，将前四味药捣研成粉末，用前述蟾膏调和制剂，制成如麻子大小的丸剂，每次服用十五丸，米汤送服，不拘时间，十岁以下儿童均宜服用，能显著消退疳积黄瘦，促进肌肉生长。
治疗小儿干疳，饮食正常，身体羸瘦，时常出现寒热交替，皮毛枯焦，神情沉默呆滞。胡黄连丸方：胡黄连（半两）、黄连（去除须根）、白芜荑仁（各一两）、木香（半两）。以上四味药，捣成细末，用猪胆汁调和置于盏内，放在饭甑中蒸两次制成丸剂，如粟米大小，每次服用二十丸，米汤送服。
[Discussion] Infants and children may present with aversion to cold accompanied by high fever, a stiff tongue with dry mouth, erect hair and scorched body hair, dry and rough skin, excessive sleepiness with night sweats. Although milk and food intake is abundant, muscle mass decreases. Therefore, the following prescriptions are formulated to treat "Gan Syndrome" (a pediatric condition characterized by emaciation and spleen-stomach dysfunction) in infants and children, aiming to alleviate abdominal distension, rapid breathing, and fever.
**Longchi San (Dragon Tooth Powder)**
*Ingredients:* Longchi (Fossilized Dragon Teeth, calcined and ground), Longnao (Borneol, chopped), Jiegeng (Platycodon Root, stir-fried), Baifuling (Poria Cocos, black skin removed), Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig, coarse bark removed), Shexiang (Musk, ground), each 1 fen; Qiangan (Dung Beetle, wings and feet removed, stir-fried).
*Preparation & Administration:* The seven ingredients are crushed and ground into a powder. For children aged 1-2 years, administer half a qianbi (ancient measuring spoon) per dose, mixed with warm water. For children aged 3-4 years, administer one qianbi per dose. Take on an empty stomach or in the afternoon. Dosage should be adjusted according to the child's size.
**Huhuanglian San (Coptidis Rhizoma and Picrorhiza Root Powder)**
*Indication:* Treats Gan syndrome causing emaciation and physical decline.
*Ingredients:* Huhuanglian (Picrorhiza Root), Xijiaoxie (Rhinoceros Horn shavings), Baiyanggan (White Goat Liver, sliced, baked, and ground), each 1 fen; Shexiang (Musk, ground), 1 qian.
*Preparation & Administration:* The four ingredients are crushed, sifted, and made into a powder. Administer half a qianbi per dose, mixed with a small amount of fresh juice from Dihuang (Rehmannia Root). Take on an empty stomach or at noon. Adjust dosage based on the child's size.
**Longnao San (Borneol Powder)**
*Indication:* Treats Gan syndrome causing emaciation, nasal itching, and oral ulcers.
*Ingredients:* Longnao (Borneol), Lushui (Aloe), Shexiang (Musk), Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis), each separately ground; Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome, mustards removed and ground), Yangzigan (Lamb Liver, sliced, baked, and ground).
*Preparation & Administration:* The six ingredients are combined in equal parts, finely ground, and mixed uniformly. Administer half a qianbi or one zi (a very small measure) per dose. Blow into the nose and apply to the oral cavity.
**Yinyu Wan (Ilex Rotunda Pill)**
*Indication:* Treats Gan syndrome causing body heat.
*Ingredients:* Yinyu (Ilex Rotunda Stem), Xixin (Asarum Root, seedlings and leaves removed), Huangqin (Scutellaria Root, black heart removed), Gancao (Licorice Root, honey-fried), Longchi (Dragon Teeth, calcined to ash), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, crushed), Songluo (Pine Lichen), each 3 liang.
*Preparation & Administration:* The nine ingredients are crushed, sifted, and made into powder. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of hemp seeds. For children aged 1-2 years, take 3 pills per dose with rice drink. For children aged 3-4 years, take 5-7 pills per dose. Adjust dosage based on the child's size.
**Huanglian Wan (Coptis Rhizome Pill)**
*Indication:* Treats Gan syndrome with frequent high fever and sallow, emaciated appearance.
*Ingredients:* Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome, mustards removed), Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark, coarse bark removed), Gancao (Licorice Root, honey-fried), Qingjuapi (Green Tangerine Peel, soaked in hot water, white pith removed, baked), each 1 fen.
*Preparation & Administration:* The four ingredients are crushed, sifted, and made into powder. Add a small amount of Shexiang (Musk) and mix uniformly. Blend with Pig Bile (Zhu Dan Zhi), place the mixture back into the gallbladder, tie securely with thread, and steam in a vessel until the pills resemble hemp seeds.
**Baotong Wan (Child-Protecting Pill)**
*Indication:* Treats Gan syndrome causing weakness and sallow complexion.
*Ingredients:* Dahuang (Rhubarb Root, chopped and stir-fried), 1 liang; Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome, mustards removed), half liang; Yemingsha (Stool of Owls), Lianshi (Chinaberry Fruit, bran-fried), each 1 fen.
*Preparation & Administration:* The four ingredients are crushed, sifted, and made into powder. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of pea seeds. Take 3-5 pills per dose with Shexiang decoction. Adjust dosage based on the child's size.
**Jinchuan Wan (Golden Toad Pill)**
*Indication:* Treats Gan syndrome with body heat and muscle wasting.
*Ingredients:* Chantou (Toad Head, one piece, roasted), Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome, mustards removed), Huhuanglian (Picrorhiza Root), Muxiang (Aucklandia Root), each 1 fen; Dahuang (Rhubarb Root, chopped and stir-fried), half fen.
*Preparation & Administration:* The five ingredients are crushed, sifted, and made into powder. Mix with millet rice flour to form pills the size of hemp seeds. Take 5-10 pills per dose with rice drink. Adjust dosage based on the child's size.
**Shexiang Wan (Musk Pill)**
*Indication:* Treats Gan syndrome with muscular heat; promotes digestion and calms fright.
*Ingredients:* Shexiang (Musk, ground), 1 qian; Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis, ground), Leiwan (Polyporus Umbellatus), Heshi (Chrysanthemum Seed, stir-fried), Guanzhong (Cyathulae Radix, wrinkled skin removed), Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome, mustards removed), each 1 liang; Badou (Croton Seed, peeled and heart removed, processed).
*Preparation & Administration:* Except for Shexiang, Qingdai, and Badou, crush and sift the remaining ingredients into powder. Grind them together uniformly. Soak in Zhu Dan Zhi (Pig Bile) and mix with steamed wheat cake dough to form pills the size of mung beans. Take 5-7 pills per dose on an empty stomach or at noon with rice drink. Adjust dosage based on the child's size.
**Qingdai San (Indigo Naturalis Powder)**
*Indication:* Treats Gan syndrome with muscular heat.
*Ingredients:* Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis, separately ground), half liang; Kulian Gen (Melia Radicis Cortex, chopped), 3 liang; Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome, mustards removed), Xionghuang (Realgar, separately ground), Dansha (Cinnabar, separately ground), each 1 fen; Shexiang (Musk, ground).
*Preparation & Administration:* Except for those requiring separate grinding, crush and sift the remaining ingredients into powder. Take half a qianbi or one qianbi per dose, mixed with rice drink. Take twice daily. Adjust dosage based on the child's size.
**Huhuanglian Wan (Picrorhiza Root Pill)**
*Indication:* Treats Gan syndrome with body heat.
*Ingredients:* Huhuanglian (Picrorhiza Root), Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome, mustards removed), each half liang; Dansha (Cinnabar, ground), Muxiang (Aucklandia Root), each 1 fen.
*Preparation & Administration:* Crush and sift the four ingredients into powder. Fill the mixture into a pig gallbladder, tie tightly with thread. Hang the gallbladder over a yao (cooking pot) using a stick, ensuring it does not touch the bottom. Boil in jiangshui (fermented rice water) for the time it takes to cook a meal. Remove, add Lushui (Aloe) and Shexiang (Musk), each 1 fen, grind finely, and mix. Form pills the size of millet seeds. Take 5-7 pills per dose with warm mi gan (rice wash water). Adjust dosage based on the child's size.
**Poji Wan (Accumulation-Breaking Pill)**
*Indication:* Clears heat from muscular Gan, resolves gastrointestinal food stagnation, and restores appetite.
*Ingredients:* Muxiang (Aucklandia Root), Qingjuapi (Green Tangerine Peel, white pith removed and baked), Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig, coarse bark removed), each 1 liang; Wuzhuyu (Evodia Fruit, soaked in hot water, baked, dried, and stir-fried), 2 liang; Naosha (Sal Ammoniac, boiled in vinegar), Badoushuang (Croton Seed Frost), appropriate amounts.
*Preparation & Administration:* Crush and sift the first four ingredients into powder. Mix evenly with Naosha and Badoushuang. Use vinegar-boiled wheat paste to form pills the size of mung beans. Take 3-5 pills per dose, morning and evening after meals, and before bed. Reduce the number of pills if loose stools occur.
**Helile Wan (Chebula Fruit Pill)**
*Indication:* Treats Gan syndrome with muscle wasting, unchanged diet, alternating chills and fever, and physical decline.
*Ingredients:* Helilepi (Chebula Pericarpium, ground), 3 fen; Roudoukou (Nutmeg, shell removed, one piece, ground), Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis, ground), Shexiang (Musk, ground), Lushui (Aloe, ground), Xiongdan (Bear Bile), appropriate amounts.
*Preparation & Administration:* Grind all seven ingredients uniformly. Mix with wine-boiled wheat paste to form pills the size of millet seeds. Take 3-5 pills per dose with rice drink. Adjust dosage based on the child's size.
**Chanchu Jian Wan (Toad Decoction Pill)**
*Indication:* Treats Gan syndrome characterized by alternating chills and fever, dry and rough skin/hair, abundant diet but muscle wasting, and lethargy/dullness.
*Ingredients:* Ganchan (Dried Toad, five large ones, finely chopped, decocted in 5 sheng of strong wine over low heat until soft, bones removed, ground, filtered, mixed with 4 liang of honey, and concentrated in a silver vessel over double boiling); Huhuanglian (Picrorhiza Root), Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome, mustards removed), Baiwuyiren (Alpinia Katsumadae Seed, stir-fried), each 2 liang; Shexiang (Musk, ground), half liang.
*Preparation & Administration:* Crush and grind the four herbs into powder. Mix with the prepared toad paste to form pills the size of hemp seeds. Take 15 pills per dose with rice drink, at any time. Suitable for children under ten years old. It effectively reduces Gan-related jaundice and emaciation and promotes muscle growth.
**Huhuanglian Wan (Picrorhiza Root Pill - Variation)**
*Indication:* Treats Gan syndrome with normal diet, emaciated body, intermittent chills and fever, scorched skin/hair, and lethargy/dullness.
*Ingredients:* Huhuanglian (Picrorhiza Root), half liang; Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome, mustards removed), Baiwuyiren (Alpinia Katsumadae Seed), each 1 liang; Muxiang (Aucklandia Root), half liang.
*Preparation & Administration:* Grind the four ingredients into fine powder. Mix with Zhu Dan Zhi (Pig Bile) in a cup, place in a rice steamer, and steam twice. Form pills the size of millet seeds. Take 20 pills per dose with rice drink.