《病源》咳嗽上气者，肺气有余也。肺感于寒，微则成咳嗽。肺主气，气有余则喘咳上
气，此为邪搏于气，气拥滞不得宣发，是为有余，故咳嗽而上气也，其状喘咳上气，多涕唾
，面目浮肿，则气逆也。（出第十四卷中）
《深师》疗上气咳嗽。苏子煎方。
苏子（二升） 生姜（汁二升） 白蜜（二升） 生地黄（汁二升） 杏仁（二升）
上五味，捣苏子，以地黄、姜汁浇之，绢绞取汁，更捣，以汁浇，复绞，如此六七过，
令味尽，去滓，熬杏人令黄黑，捣令如脂，又以向汁浇之，绢绞取汁，往来六七过，令味尽
，去滓，纳蜜，和置铜器中，于重汤中煎之，令如饴，煎成。一服方寸匕，日三夜一。忌芜
荑。（《千金》同）
又疗咳嗽上气。射干煎方。
射干（八两） 紫菀（半两） 胶饴（五两） 细辛（半两） 干姜（五两末） 生竹
沥（一升）
芫花根（半两） 桑根白皮 款冬花（各八两） 附子（半两炮） 甘草（半两炙） 白蜜
（一升半）
。
上十二味，先切射干，合蜜、竹沥汁煎五六沸，绞去滓， 咀诸药，以水一升四合，渍
一宿煎之，七上七下，去滓，乃合饴、姜末煎，令如 。服酸枣一丸许，日三夜一。不知，
稍增之。忌海藻、菘菜、猪肉、冷水、生菜。（千金同）
又疗咳上气，中寒冷，鼻中不利。杏仁煎方。
杏仁（五两） 五味子（三合） 甘草（四两炙） 麻黄（一斤去节） 款冬花（三合）
紫菀
干姜（各三两） 桂心（四两）
上八味，切，以水一斗，煮麻黄减二升，掠去沫，乃纳诸药，煮取四升，绞去滓，又纳
胶饴半斤，白蜜一斤，合纳汁中，搅令相得，汤中煎如饴成。先食服如半枣，日三。不知，
稍加之。忌海藻、菘菜、生葱。（《千金》同，出第十八卷中）
崔氏疗上气暴咳方。
紫苏（茎叶二升） 大豆（一升）
上二味，以水四升，煮大豆，次下紫苏，煮取一升五合，分为三服，昼二夜一。忌醋、
、咸、酸、油腻等。（出第六卷中）
《必效》主上气腹胀，心胸满，并咳不能食方。（段明府云极效）
枇杷叶（一握去毛，炙） 槟榔（三七颗） 生姜（二分） 高良姜（二两） 蜜（二
合） 酥（
二合）
上六味，切，以水二大升，煮取一大升，汤成后，纳酥、蜜，更煮三五沸，分温三服，
每服如人行八九里久，甚重者三两剂，任意食之。（出第一卷中）
《救急》疗上气咳，肺气胸痛方。
杏仁（三大升） 白蜜（一大升） 牛酥（二大升）
上三味，杏仁捣碎于瓷盆中，研取汁五升，净磨铜铛，勿令脂腻，先倾三升汁于铛中，
刻木记其深浅，又倾二升汁，以缓火煎，减至于所记处，即纳白蜜及酥，还至木记处，药乃
成，贮不津瓷器中。每日三度，以暖酒服一大匙，不能饮酒，和粥服亦得。服一七日唾色变
白，二七日唾稀，三七日咳断。此方非但疗咳，兼补虚损，去风冷，兼悦肌肤白如瓠，妇人
服之更佳。（《延年秘录》同，出第六卷中）
《古今录验》疗上气，兼咳。苏子汤方。
苏子（一升） 五味子（五合） 麻黄（去节） 细辛 紫菀 黄芩 甘草（炙各二两）
人参
上十二味，切，以水九升，煮取三升，分二服。上气病亦特单煮苏子，及生苏叶，冬天
煮干枝茎叶亦佳。忌海藻、菘菜、羊肉、饧、生葱、生菜。（出第十九卷中）
《诸病源候论》指出：咳嗽伴气逆上冲的症状，是由于肺气有余所致。肺感受寒邪，轻微时便形成咳嗽。肺主司气机，气有余则导致喘息、咳嗽和气逆上冲，这是因为邪气与气机相搏结，气机壅滞不能宣发，这被称为“有余”，所以出现咳嗽和气逆上冲的症状。其表现为喘息、咳嗽、气逆上冲，多涕唾，面目浮肿，这是气机上逆的表现。（出自第十四卷中）
《深师方》治疗气逆咳嗽的苏子煎方。
苏子（二升） 生姜（取汁二升） 白蜜（二升） 生地黄（取汁二升） 杏仁（二升）
以上五味药，捣碎苏子，用生地黄汁和姜汁浇灌，用绢布绞取汁液，再次捣碎，再用汁液浇灌，反复绞取，如此六七次，使味道尽出，去除药渣，熬煮杏仁至黄黑色，捣烂如脂状，又用之前的汁液浇灌，用绢布绞取汁液，往来六七次，使味道尽出，去除药渣，加入蜂蜜，混合置于铜器中，在双层锅（重汤）中煎煮，使其像饴糖一样稠厚，煎成。每次服用一方寸匕，每日三次，夜间一次。忌食芜荑。（《千金方》相同）
又治疗咳嗽气逆的射干煎方。
射干（八两） 紫菀（半两） 胶饴（五两） 细辛（半两） 干姜（五两，研末） 生竹沥（一升）
芫花根（半两） 桑根白皮 款冬花（各八两） 附子（半两，炮制） 甘草（半两，炙） 白蜜（一升半）
以上十二味药，先切射干，配合蜂蜜、竹沥汁煎煮五六沸，绞去药渣，切碎其他药物，用水一升四合浸泡一夜后煎煮，煎煮过程中七次扬汤散热（七上七下），去除药渣，然后加入胶饴、姜末继续煎煮，使其像饴糖一样稠厚。每次服用约酸枣大小的一丸，每日三次，夜间一次。若无效，稍增加剂量。忌食海藻、白菜、猪肉、冷水、生菜。（《千金方》相同）
又治疗咳嗽气逆，体内寒冷，鼻窍不通利的杏仁煎方。
杏仁（五两） 五味子（三合） 甘草（四两，炙） 麻黄（一斤，去节） 款冬花（三合）
紫菀 干姜（各三两） 桂心（四两）
以上八味药，切碎，用水一斗，先煮麻黄减少二升，撇去浮沫，然后加入其他药物，煮取四升，绞去药渣，再加入胶饴半斤、白蜜一斤，混合入汁液中，搅拌使均匀，在双层锅中煎煮至像饴糖一样稠厚。饭前服用如半个枣大小的量，每日三次。若无效，稍增加剂量。忌食海藻、白菜、生葱。（《千金方》相同，出自第十八卷中）
崔氏治疗气逆突发咳嗽的方子。
紫苏（茎叶二升） 大豆（一升）
以上两味药，用水四升，先煮大豆，随后放入紫苏，煮取一升五合，分三次服用，白天两次，夜间一次。忌食醋、盐、咸味、酸味、油腻等食物。（出自第六卷中）
《必效方》主治气逆腹胀，心胸痞满，并伴有咳嗽不能进食的方子。（段明府说此方极有效）
枇杷叶（一握，去毛，炙） 槟榔（三七颗） 生姜（二分） 高良姜（二两） 蜜（二合） 酥（二合）
以上六味药，切碎，用水两大升，煮取一大升，汤成后，加入酥、蜜，再煮三五沸，分温服三次，每次间隔约人行走八九里的时间，病情严重者服用三两剂，随意食用。（出自第一卷中）
《救急方》治疗气逆咳嗽，肺气胸痛的方法。
杏仁（三大升） 白蜜（一大升） 牛酥（二大升）
以上三味药，将杏仁捣碎于瓷盆中，研磨取汁五升，洗净磨光铜铛，不要让它有油脂腻感，先倒入三升汁液于铛中，刻木条标记深浅位置，再倒入二升汁液，用慢火煎煮，减少至标记处，即加入白蜜及酥，煎至回到木条标记处，药成就位，储存在不透水的瓷器中。每日三次，用温酒送服一大匙，不能饮酒者，和粥服用也可以。服用七日，痰色变白；十四日，痰稀薄；二十一日，咳嗽停止。此方不仅治疗咳嗽，兼补虚损，祛除风冷，兼能令肌肤洁白如瓠瓜，妇女服用更佳。（《延年秘录》相同，出自第六卷中）
《古今录验方》治疗气逆，兼治咳嗽的苏子汤方。
苏子（一升） 五味子（五合） 麻黄（去节） 细辛 紫菀 黄芩 甘草（炙，各二两）
人参
以上十二味药，切碎，用水九升，煮取三升，分两次服用。治疗气逆病也可以单独煮苏子，以及新鲜苏叶，冬天煮干燥的枝茎叶也很好。忌食海藻、白菜、羊肉、麦芽糖、生葱、生菜。（出自第十九卷中）
According to *Zhu Bing Yuan Hou Lun* (Treatise on the Pathogenesis and Symptoms of All Diseases): Cough accompanied by rebellious Qi rising is caused by an excess of Lung Qi. When the Lung is affected by Cold, mild cases result in cough. The Lung governs Qi; when there is an excess of Qi, it leads to panting, coughing, and rebellious Qi rising. This occurs because pathogenic factors contend with Qi, causing Qi stagnation and obstruction that prevents free dissemination, which is termed "excess." Therefore, cough and rebellious Qi arise. The manifestations include panting, coughing, rebellious Qi, excessive phlegm and saliva, edema of the face and eyes, indicating rebellious Qi movement. (From Volume XIV)
*Shen Shi Fang* (Deep Master's Formulas) treats rebellious Qi and cough with Su Zi Decoction (Perilla Seed Decoction).
Perilla Seeds (Su Zi, 2 sheng), Ginger Juice (Sheng Jiang Zhi, 2 sheng), White Honey (Bai Mi, 2 sheng), Fresh Rehmannia Juice (Sheng Di Huang Zhi, 2 sheng), Apricot Kernels (Xing Ren, 2 sheng).
Crush the Perilla Seeds, pour over them the Fresh Rehmannia juice and Ginger juice, squeeze out the liquid through silk cloth, crush again, pour more juice, and squeeze again. Repeat this six or seven times until the flavor is fully extracted. Remove the dregs. Roast the Apricot Kernels until yellow-black, crush them into a paste-like consistency, then pour the previously obtained juice over them. Squeeze through silk cloth, repeating six or seven times until the flavor is exhausted. Remove dregs, add honey, mix well, and place in a copper vessel. Simmer in a double boiler (chong tang) until it resembles maltose syrup. Take one fang cun bi (a square-inch measure) per dose, three times daily and once at night. Avoid eating Elsholtzia (Wu Yi). (Same as in *Qian Jin Fang*)
Another formula for treating cough and rebellious Qi is She Gan Decoction (Belamcanda Decoction).
Belamcanda Rhizome (She Gan, 8 liang), Aster Root (Zi Wan, 0.5 liang), Malt Sugar (Jiao Yi, 5 liang), Asarum (Xi Xin, 0.5 liang), Dried Ginger Powder (Gan Jiang Mo, 5 liang), Fresh Bamboo Sap (Zhu Li, 1 sheng), Genkwa Flower Root (Yuan Hua Gen, 0.5 liang), Mulberry Root Bark (Sang Gen Bai Pi), Winter Flower Bud (Kuan Dong Hua, 8 liang each), Prepared Aconite (Pao Fu Zi, 0.5 liang), Prepared Licorice (Zhi Gan Cao, 0.5 liang), White Honey (Bai Mi, 1.5 sheng).
Cut the Belamcanda Rhizome first, combine with honey and bamboo sap, boil five or six times, then strain to remove dregs. Coarsely powder the remaining herbs, soak in 1.4 sheng of water overnight, then decoct. Perform the technique of lifting and lowering the liquid seven times (qi shang qi xia) to prevent boiling over, then strain. Add malt sugar and ginger powder, simmer until thick like syrup. Take a pill size similar to a sour jujube, three times daily and once at night. If ineffective, slightly increase the dose. Avoid seaweed, Chinese cabbage, pork, cold water, and raw vegetables. (Same as in *Qian Jin Fang*)
Another formula for treating cough and rebellious Qi, internal cold, and nasal obstruction is Xing Ren Decoction (Apricot Kernel Decoction).
Apricot Kernels (Xing Ren, 5 liang), Schisandra Fruit (Wu Wei Zi, 3 he), Prepared Licorice (Zhi Gan Cao, 4 liang), Ephedra Stem (Ma Huang, 1 jin, nodes removed), Winter Flower Bud (Kuan Dong Hua, 3 he), Aster Root (Zi Wan), Dried Ginger (Gan Jiang, 3 liang each), Cinnamon Heart (Gui Xin, 4 liang).
Coarsely cut the eight herbs. Decoct in 10 dou of water. First boil the Ephedra until reduced by 2 sheng, skim off the foam, then add the other herbs. Decoct until 4 sheng remain, strain to remove dregs. Add 0.5 jin of malt sugar and 1 jin of white honey, mix well into the liquid, and simmer in a double boiler until thick like syrup. Take before meals, dosage equivalent to half a date, three times daily. If ineffective, slightly increase the dose. Avoid seaweed, Chinese cabbage, and raw green onions. (Same as in *Qian Jin Fang*, from Volume XVIII)
Cui Shi's Formula for treating sudden cough due to rebellious Qi.
Perilla Stems and Leaves (Zi Su, 2 sheng), Soybeans (Da Dou, 1 sheng).
Decoct the soybeans in 4 sheng of water first, then add the Perilla stems and leaves. Decoct until 1.5 sheng remains. Divide into three doses: two during the day, one at night. Avoid vinegar, salt, salty flavors, sour flavors, and greasy foods. (From Volume VI)
*Bi Xiao Fang* (Formulas of Immediate Effect) treats rebellious Qi with abdominal distension, chest fullness, and cough preventing eating. (Prefect Duan states it is extremely effective.)
Loquat Leaf (Pi Pa Ye, 1 handful, hairs removed, roasted), Areca Nut (Bing Lang, 37 pieces), Ginger (Sheng Jiang, 2 fen), Galangal (Gao Liang Jiang, 2 liang), Honey (Mi, 2 he), Butter/Ghee (Su, 2 he).
Coarsely cut the six herbs. Decoct in 2 large sheng of water until reduced to 1 large sheng. After decoction, add butter and honey, boil for three or six boils. Divide into three warm doses. Take every interval corresponding to walking 8-9 li. For severe cases, take up to 3 liang per dose, taken freely with food. (From Volume I)
*Jiu Ji Fang* (Emergency Rescue Formulas) treats rebellious Qi cough and Lung Qi chest pain.
Apricot Kernels (Xing Ren, 3 large sheng), White Honey (Bai Mi, 1 large sheng), Beef Butter (Niu Su, 2 large sheng).
Crush the Apricot Kernels in a porcelain basin and grind to extract 5 sheng of juice. Cleanly polish a copper cauldron to ensure no grease. Pour 3 sheng of juice into the cauldron, mark the depth with a wooden stick, then pour in the remaining 2 sheng. Simmer over low heat until reduced to the marked level. Then add white honey and beef butter, simmer back to the marked level. The medicine is ready. Store in a non-porous ceramic vessel. Take one large spoonful with warm wine three times daily. If unable to drink alcohol, mix with porridge. After 7 days of use, sputum color turns white; after 14 days, sputum becomes thin; after 21 days, cough ceases. This formula not only treats cough but also tonifies deficiency, dispels wind-cold, and beautifies the skin, making it white like a gourd. It is especially beneficial for women. (Same as in *Yan Nian Mi Lu*, from Volume VI)
*Gu Jin Lu Yan Fang* (Ancient and Modern Verified Formulas) treats rebellious Qi and concomitant cough with Su Zi Tang (Perilla Seed Decoction).
Perilla Seeds (Su Zi, 1 sheng), Schisandra Fruit (Wu Wei Zi, 5 he), Ephedra Stem (Ma Huang, nodes removed), Asarum (Xi Xin), Aster Root (Zi Wan), Scutellaria Root (Huang Qin), Prepared Licorice (Zhi Gan Cao, 2 liang each), Ginseng (Ren Shen).
Coarsely cut the twelve herbs. Decoct in 9 sheng of water until reduced to 3 sheng. Divide into two doses. For rebellious Qi disease, one may also decoct Perilla Seeds alone, or fresh Perilla leaves. In winter, decocting dried branches, stems, and leaves is also good. Avoid seaweed, Chinese cabbage, mutton, malt sugar, raw green onions, and raw vegetables. (From Volume XIX)