论曰∶夫言大小便涩者，皆繇大肠虚，受邪气所致也。且腑有高下，而肺腑系在天上，
中接土腑，名之大肠，为传导之腑也。有风气热结，即大便干涩而不通顺，或发痈肿，口鼻
干燥，或肾腑有虚。则心肺俱热，使小便赤而涩也。或肾气虚热，膀胱不足，加之以渴饮，
即小便淋涩，皆繇脏虚不能主其腑也，且形能受味，气能致精，气散则精虚，味益则体实，
体
实之人，筋骨有余，因劳精气，精气既衰，即招其病。故石气流入膀胱，作其淋疾，则非正
石气而行，此肺遭热盛，传之于肾。肾为精竭，纯阴自孤，石气惧阴不入，便投其膀胱，膀
胱受邪，遂成淋也，淋状合涩数赤热而痛，何以知之。涩至，故知肺传于子也，数至，为子
被母逼，水急奔下也。热赤至，为心与石气相传也，痛至，为本脏自虚，客气冲击也。所以
服石药者，藉其少滋味而助精气即神门之固，病邪不能入也，何以知因石虚竭，虚竭之人，
其阴好怒，而交接难毕，其病名强中，或不交接，其精自流也，或为消利。为作消竭，皆由
少
恐变诸HT ，常以不虚不实于大肠。不寒不燥于腠理，能调神气，有何患乎。
疗小便淋涩，少腹痛方。
大黄 芍药 茯苓（各一两） 麻仁（四两研）
上四味切，以水五升，煮取二升，去滓，分服之良。
又方
桑螵蛸（二十枚熬） 黄芩（一两）
上二味切，以水一升，煮取四合，顿服之。
又疗热淋涩痛方。
车前草 葵根（各切一升） 通草（三两） 芒硝（八分）
上四味切，以水五升，煮取二升，去滓入芒硝，分服之。
又疗血淋不绝方。
鸡苏 竹叶（各一握） 葵子（末） 石膏（各八分碎） 蜀椒（末四分）
上五味切，以水二升，煮取九合后，下葵末服之。
又疗初患淋方。
滑石（五两） 通草（二两） 石苇（拭去毛） 瞿麦（各三两） 芒硝（二两汤热下）
冬葵子
（二升）
上六味切，以水九升，煮取三升分服之，忌诸热物。
又疗淋积年医不能愈，或十日五日一度发即可，时或频发不定方。
冬葵子 滑石（各八分） 茯苓 芍药 子芩 蒲黄 芒硝（各六分） 石苇（去毛） 瞿
麦
（各五分） 陈橘皮（四分）
上十味捣散，空腹煮，后饮子和服一方寸匕，加至二匕，以小便通利为度，忌如常法。
下散饮子方
桑白皮（六分） 白茅根（十分） 通草（八分） 甘草（四分炙） 滑石（十分）
上五味捣散，煎汤服前散。
又卒患淋方。
取舡底青苔如鸡子大，以水一升煮服之。
又主热淋方。
白茅根（四斤切）
上一味，以水一斗半，煮取五升，适寒温饮之，瘥止。
又石淋状如碎沙石下者方。
车前子（二斤以绢囊盛）
上一味，以水八升，煮取三升，经宿空腹服之，即石下。
又疗烦热，身体微肿，不能食饮，小便不利方。
茯苓（三两） 甘草（炙） 栝蒌根 人参 黄芩 桂心 白术（各一两） 枳实（二
两炙）
上八味切，以水六升，煮取三升，去滓，每服三合尽，即瘥，甚妙。
又疗气上不得食，呕逆，大小便涩，气满烦闷，折热下气方。
前胡 黄芩（各三两） 栀子 大黄（各一两） 甘草（炙） 茯苓 生姜（各二两） 杏
仁（
四十枚去尖皮碎）
上八味切，以水八升，煮取三升，分服之，忌如常法。
又疗热，小便数少如淋，葵子汤方。
冬葵子（一升）
上一味，以水三升，煮取一升半，分服之，忌如常法。
又若大小便塞不通，或淋沥尿血，阴中疼痛，此是热气所致，先以冷物熨之小腹，又以
热物熨，更互冷热，若小便数。亦是取冷所致，即暖将息也。
疗发热体气昏昏，不痛不痒，小便赤涩方。
生茅根五大斤，净洗择捣，绞取汁服之瘥。
又若发热口干，小便涩方。
取甘蔗去皮，尽足吃之，咽汁，若口痛，捣取汁服之。
又方
取葳蕤五两，煮汁饮之瘥。
论述说：所谓大小便涩滞不通，都是由于大肠虚弱，受到邪气侵袭所致。况且六腑有高低之分，而肺脏系连于上焦天部，中间连接土性之腑，名为大肠，它是负责传导糟粕的腑。如果有风气热结阻滞，就会导致大便干涩且不通畅，或者引发痈肿、口鼻干燥；或者是肾脏腑气虚弱，导致心肺俱热，使小便颜色红赤且涩滞。或者是肾气虚而有热，膀胱精气不足，再加上口渴饮水过多，就会出现小便淋沥涩痛的情况，这都是因为内脏虚弱不能主宰其相表里的腑。形体能够接受五味滋养，气能够化生精微，气散则精亏，味厚则身体充实。身体充实的人，筋骨强健，如果因劳累耗损精气，精气一旦衰败，就会招致疾病。所以石药之气流入膀胱，引发淋疾，这是因为不正的石气运行，此乃肺遭受热盛，传变至肾。肾中精气枯竭，纯阴独自孤立，石气畏惧阴寒而不入，便侵入膀胱，膀胱受邪，遂成淋证。淋证的表现为涩、数、赤、热而痛，怎么知道呢？脉涩，说明是肺传病于子（肾）；脉数，是因为子脏被母脏逼迫，水液急迫下行；脉热且尿赤，是因为心与石气相互传变；疼痛，是因为本脏自身虚弱，客气冲击所致。所以服用石药的人，借助其少量的滋味来辅助精气，从而使神门固密，病邪无法侵入。怎么知道是因为石药导致虚竭呢？虚竭之人，其阴气喜好愤怒，而且性交难以完成，这种病名叫“强中”；或者不性交时，精液也会自流，或者发展为消渴病。造成消竭的原因，都是因为少恐等变化影响了大肠，使其常处于不虚不实的状态，腠理不寒不燥，若能调摄神气，又有什么祸患呢？
治疗小便淋沥涩痛、小腹痛的方剂。
大黄、芍药、茯苓（各一两），麻仁（四两，研碎）。
以上四味药切碎，用水五升，煎煮取二升药液，去掉药渣，分次服用，效果良好。
又一方。
桑螵蛸（二十枚，炒制）、黄芩（一两）。
以上两味药切碎，用水一升，煎煮取四合药液，一次性服下。
又治疗热淋涩痛的方剂。
车前草、葵根（各切一升），通草（三两），芒硝（八分）。
以上四味药切碎，用水五升，煎煮取二升药液，去掉药渣后加入芒硝，分次服用。
又治疗血淋不止的方剂。
鸡苏、竹叶（各一握），葵子（研末），石膏（各八分，捣碎），蜀椒（研末，四分）。
以上五味药切碎，用水二升，煎煮取九合药液，之后加入葵子末服用。
又治疗初患淋证的方剂。
滑石（五两），通草（二两），石苇（拭去绒毛），瞿麦（各三两），芒硝（二两，用热水冲服），冬葵子（二升）。
以上六味药切碎，用水九升，煎煮取三升药液，分次服用，忌食各种热性食物。
又治疗淋证积年久治不愈，或每隔十日五日发作一次，有时频繁发作不定的方剂。
冬葵子、滑石（各八分），茯苓、芍药、子芩、蒲黄、芒硝（各六分），石苇（去毛），瞿麦（各五分），陈橘皮（四分）。
以上十味药捣成散剂，空腹煎煮后，用药汁送服一方寸匕的散剂，可加至二方寸匕，以小便通利为度，禁忌同常规方法。
下散剂的饮子方。
桑白皮（六分），白茅根（十分），通草（八分），甘草（四分，炙），滑石（十分）。
以上五味药捣成散剂，煎汤服用前述散剂。
又治疗突然患淋证的方剂。
取船底的青苔如鸡蛋大小，用水一升煎煮后服用。
又主治热淋的方剂。
白茅根（四斤，切碎）。
以上一味药，用水一斗半，煎煮取五升药液，待温度适宜时饮用，病愈即止。
又治疗石淋，排出物状如碎沙石的方剂。
车前子（二斤，用绢袋盛装）。
以上一味药，用水八升，煎煮取三升药液，过夜后空腹服用，石头即可排出。
又治疗烦热、身体轻微肿胀、不能进食饮水、小便不利的方剂。
茯苓（三两），甘草（炙），栝蒌根，人参，黄芩，桂心，白术（各一两），枳实（二两，炙）。
以上八味药切碎，用水六升，煎煮取三升药液，去掉药渣，每次服用三合全部喝完，病即痊愈，效果极佳。
又治疗气逆不能进食、呕吐、大小便涩滞、气满烦闷、折热下气的方剂。
前胡、黄芩（各三两），栀子、大黄（各一两），甘草（炙），茯苓、生姜（各二两），杏仁（四十枚，去皮尖捣碎）。
以上八味药切碎，用水八升，煎煮取三升药液，分次服用，禁忌同常规方法。
又治疗热证、小便频数量少如同淋证的葵子汤方。
冬葵子（一升）。
以上一味药，用水三升，煎煮取一升半药液，分次服用，禁忌同常规方法。
又如果是大小便堵塞不通，或者淋沥尿血，阴中疼痛，这是热气所致。先用冷物熨烫小腹，再用热物熨烫，冷热交替。如果小便次数多，也是因取冷所致，应当注意保暖调养。
治疗发热、身体昏沉、不痛不痒、小便红赤涩滞的方剂。
生茅根五大斤，洗净择好后捣碎，绞取汁液服用，病愈。
又如果是发热口干、小便涩滞的方剂。
取甘蔗去皮，尽量吃下去，咽下汁液；如果口痛，捣取汁液服用。
又一方。
取葳蕤五两，煎煮汁液饮用，病愈。
Discussion states: The condition of difficult and obstructed urination and defecation is caused by the deficiency of the Large Intestine (Large Intestine) and the invasion of pathogenic factors. Although the Fu organs have different positions, the Lung (Lung) connects to the upper Jiao (Triple Burner), linking in the middle with the Earth-element Fu organ, named the Large Intestine, which serves as the organ of transmission and transformation. If wind-heat binds and accumulates, it leads to dry, rough, and obstructed defecation, or may cause carbuncles and sores, along with dryness of the mouth and nose. Alternatively, if the Kidney (Kidney) Fu is deficient, Heart (Heart) and Lung heat may both arise, causing urine to become red and difficult to pass. If Kidney Qi is deficient with internal heat, and the Bladder (Bladder) lacks essence, compounded by excessive thirst and drinking, urinary dribbling and dysuria occur. This is because the Zang organs are deficient and cannot govern their corresponding Fu organs. The body accepts flavors, and Qi generates essence; when Qi scatters, essence becomes deficient; when flavors are rich, the body becomes solid. A person with a solid body has strong sinews and bones, but if labor exhausts the essence, and the essence declines, disease will be attracted. Thus, the qi of stone drugs flows into the Bladder, causing strangury, because the abnormal stone qi moves improperly. This occurs when the Lung suffers from intense heat and transmits it to the Kidney. When the Kidney's essence is exhausted, pure Yin stands alone. The stone qi, fearing Yin, does not enter but instead invades the Bladder. Once the Bladder receives the pathogen, strangury forms. The characteristics of strangury include roughness, frequency, redness, heat, and pain. How do we know this? Rough pulse indicates the Lung transmitting disease to its son (the Kidney). Frequent pulse indicates the son organ being pressured by the mother, causing water to rush downward rapidly. Heat and redness indicate transmission between the Heart and stone qi. Pain indicates that the primary organ itself is deficient, attacked by external pathogens. Therefore, those who take stone drugs rely on their mild flavor to assist essence, thereby securing the Spirit Gate (Shenmen), preventing pathogens from entering. How do we know it is due to stone-induced exhaustion? Exhausted individuals often exhibit irritability in their Yin aspect, difficulty completing sexual intercourse, a condition known as "Qiangzhong" (Strong Middle/Excessive Yang); or even without intercourse, essence flows spontaneously, or it develops into Xiao Ke (Wasting and Thirsting syndrome). These wasting conditions result from changes such as fear affecting the Large Intestine, keeping it neither too deficient nor too excess, and the interstices neither cold nor dry. If one can regulate Shen and Qi, what harm would there be?
Formula for treating urinary dribbling, dysuria, and lower abdominal pain.
Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Fuling (Poria) (each 1 liang), Mahuang (Cannabis Seed) (4 liang, ground).
Cut the four ingredients, boil in 5 sheng of water to obtain 2 sheng of decoction, remove dregs, and divide into doses for administration. It is effective.
Another formula.
Sangpiaoxiao (Mantis Egg Case) (20 pieces, roasted), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) (1 liang).
Cut the two ingredients, boil in 1 sheng of water to obtain 4 he of decoction, and take all at once.
Another formula for treating heat strangury with dysuria and pain.
Cheqiancao (Plantaginis Herba), Kuigen (Malvae Radix) (each cut to 1 sheng volume), Tongcao (Tetrapanacis Medulla) (3 liang), Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas) (8 fen).
Cut the four ingredients, boil in 5 sheng of water to obtain 2 sheng of decoction, remove dregs, add Mangxiao, and divide into doses.
Another formula for treating persistent hematuria (blood strangury).
Jisu (Elsholtziae Herba), Zhuye (Bambusae Folium) (each one handful), Kuizi (Malvae Semen) (ground), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) (each 8 fen, crushed), Shujiao (Zanthoxyli Pericarpium) (ground, 4 fen).
Cut the five ingredients, boil in 2 sheng of water to obtain 9 he of decoction, then add the ground Kuizi and take.
Another formula for early-stage strangury.
Huashi (Hua Shi) (5 liang), Tongcao (2 liang), Shiwei (Pyri Folium) (brush off hairs), Qumai (Dianthi Herba) (each 3 liang), Mangxiao (2 liang, dissolved in hot water), Dongkuizi (Malvae Semen) (2 sheng).
Cut the six ingredients, boil in 9 sheng of water to obtain 3 sheng of decoction, divide into doses. Avoid hot foods.
Another formula for chronic strangury unresponsive to treatment for years, occurring every five to ten days, or frequently and irregularly.
Dongkuizi, Huashi (each 8 fen), Fuling, Shaoyao, Zixin (Scutellariae Radix), Puhuang (Typhae Pollen), Mangxiao (each 6 fen), Shiwei (remove hairs), Qumai (each 5 fen), Chenjupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) (4 fen).
Grind the ten ingredients into powder. Boil empty stomach, then drink the powder mixed with water. Start with one fangcun bi (square-inch spoonful), increase to two bi. Stop when urination becomes smooth. Observe usual dietary restrictions.
Decoction for administering the powder.
Sangbaidi (Mori Cortex), Baimaogen (Imperatae Rhizoma) (10 fen), Tongcao (8 fen), Gancao (Licorice Root) (4 fen, honey-fried), Huashi (10 fen).
Grind the five ingredients into powder. Decoct and use this liquid to take the previous powder.
Another formula for acute strangury.
Take green moss from the bottom of a boat, size of a chicken egg, boil in 1 sheng of water, and take.
Another formula primarily for heat strangury.
Baimaogen (4 jin, cut).
Boil this single ingredient in 15 dou of water to obtain 5 sheng of decoction. Drink when temperature is suitable. Discontinue when cured.
Another formula for stone strangury where excretions resemble broken sand or stones.
Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen) (2 jin, placed in a silk bag).
Boil this single ingredient in 8 sheng of water to obtain 3 sheng of decoction. Take overnight on an empty stomach; the stones will pass.
Another formula for treating vexatious heat, slight bodily swelling, inability to eat or drink, and difficult urination.
Fuling (3 liang), Gancao (honey-fried), Gualougen (Trichosanthis Radix), Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Huangqin, Guixin (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) (each 1 liang), Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus) (2 liang, honey-fried).
Cut the eight ingredients, boil in 6 sheng of water to obtain 3 sheng of decoction, remove dregs. Take 3 he completely per dose. The condition will resolve; very excellent.
Another formula for treating rebellious Qi preventing eating, vomiting, difficult urination and defecation, abdominal fullness, vexation, and stagnation, to clear heat and direct Qi downward.
Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Huangqin (each 3 liang), Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus), Dahuang (each 1 liang), Gancao (honey-fried), Fuling, Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) (each 2 liang), Xingren (Pruni Armeniaci Semen) (40 pieces, remove skin and tips, crush).
Cut the eight ingredients, boil in 8 sheng of water to obtain 3 sheng of decoction, divide into doses. Observe usual dietary restrictions.
Another formula for heat with frequent, scanty urination resembling strangury, using Kuizi Decoction.
Dongkuizi (1 sheng).
Boil this single ingredient in 3 sheng of water to obtain 1.5 sheng of decoction, divide into doses. Observe usual dietary restrictions.
If there is complete obstruction of urination and defecation, or dribbling blood in urine, and pain in the genitalia, this is caused by heat. First apply cold compresses to the lower abdomen, then hot compresses, alternating cold and heat. If urination is frequent, it is also caused by taking cold; thus, keep warm and rest.
Formula for treating fever, heavy sensation in the body, absence of pain or itching, and red, difficult urination.
Use 5 jin of fresh Baimaogen, wash clean, select, crush, squeeze out the juice, and take. The condition will resolve.
Another formula for fever with dry mouth and difficult urination.
Take sugarcane, peel it, and consume as much as possible, swallowing the juice. If there is mouth pain, crush and take the juice.
Another formula.
Take Weirui (Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma) 5 liang, decoct and drink. The condition will resolve.