丹毒名多云片形，风火湿寒肉分凝，胸腹四肢分顺逆，清火消风砭敷灵。
【注】孙真人云∶丹毒一名天火，肉中忽有赤色，如丹涂之状，其大如掌，甚者遍
身，有痒有痛，而无定处，丹名虽多，其理则一也。形如鸡冠，名鸡冠丹；若皮涩起如
麻豆粒者，名茱萸丹。亦有水丹，遍身起 ，遇水湿搏之，透露黄色，恍如有水在皮中，
此虽小疾，能令人死，须当速治，不可忽也。色赤者，诸书谓之赤游丹；色白者，为水丹，
小儿多生之。但有干、湿、痒、痛之殊，有夹湿、夹风、夹寒之别。诸丹总属心火、三
焦风邪而成，如色赤而干，发热作痒，形如云片者即名赤游丹，属血分有火而受风也。
毒盛者，服蓝叶散；毒轻者宜导赤汤加薄荷叶、独活服之，如初起白 ，渐透黄色，光
亮胀坠，破流黄水，湿烂多痛者，名水丹，又名风丹，多生腿膝，属脾肺有热而夹湿也，
宜防己散主之。亦有起白 ，无热无痛，游走不定者，由火毒未发，肌肤外受寒郁，名
为冷瘼，宜服乌药顺气散，外用姜擦。凡丹形初见，即用牛、羊精肉片贴之，甚则用砭
法，令出紫血；色重不散者，以柏叶散敷之。又方∶芸苔叶研末，靛青调敷甚效。诸丹本
于火邪，其势暴速，自胸腹走于四肢者顺；从四肢攻于胸腹者逆。
\r丹毒图\p04-34a245.bmp\r
蓝叶散
蓝叶（晒干） 川芎 赤芍 知母 生地 白芷 川升麻 柴胡 葛根 杏仁（炒，去皮、
尖） 甘草（生，各一钱） 石膏（ ） 栀子仁（各五分）
共捣粗末，每用八钱，新汲水二盅，煎八分，去渣服。热甚，加黄芩、元参。
【方歌】蓝叶散却赤游丹，皆因血热风邪缠，芎芍知膏生地芷，升麻柴葛杏栀甘。
防己散
防己（三两） 朴硝（一两） 犀角（镑） 川芎 黄芩 黄 川升麻（各一钱）
共捣粗末，每用五钱，加竹叶三十片，新汲水二盅，煎八分服。
【方歌】防己丹毒始白 ，渐黄亮痛湿热原，朴硝犀角芎芩共， 与升麻竹叶煎。
乌药顺气散
乌药 橘红（各二钱） 枳壳（麸炒） 白芷 桔梗 防风 僵蚕（炒） 独活 川芎（生五分）
水二盅，生姜三片，煎八分服。
【方歌】乌药顺气枳橘红，芷桔风僵独草芎，冷瘼游行无热痛，因毒未发受寒风。
导赤汤（见口部口糜）
柏叶散（见腰部缠腰火丹）
丹毒的名称中，有一种表现为云片状的形态。这是由于风、火、湿、寒邪气凝滞于肌肉腠理之间所致。根据发病部位在胸部、腹部或四肢的不同，可以判断病情的顺逆（预后好坏）。治疗上采用清热泻火、祛风解表以及砭镰放血和外敷药物等方法，效果显著。
【注释】唐代名医孙思邈曾说：丹毒又被称为“天火”。患者肌肉中突然显现出红色，如同涂抹了丹砂一般，大小如手掌，严重的甚至遍布全身，伴有瘙痒和疼痛，且病灶位置不固定。虽然丹毒的名称繁多，但其致病机理是相同的。如果形状像鸡冠，称为“鸡冠丹”；如果皮肤干燥粗糙，突起如麻豆大小的颗粒，称为“茱萸丹”。也有称为“水丹”的，全身起疱，遇到水湿侵袭时，渗出黄色液体，看起来仿佛皮中有水，这虽然是小病，但能导致死亡，必须迅速治疗，不可轻视。颜色发红的，各医书称之为“赤游丹”；颜色发白的，称为“水丹”，多见于小儿。这些病症虽有干、湿、痒、痛的区别，也有夹湿、夹风、夹寒的不同。各种丹毒总归是由心火和三焦风邪引起的。例如颜色红而干燥，发热并瘙痒，形状如云片的，即名为赤游丹，属于血分有火兼受风邪。毒势盛者，服用蓝叶散；毒势轻者，宜服用导赤汤加薄荷叶、独活。如果是初起时出现白色疱疹，逐渐透出黄色，光亮胀坠，破溃后流出黄水，潮湿糜烂且疼痛多者，名为水丹，又名风丹，多生于腿膝部位，属于脾肺有热兼夹湿邪，宜用防己散主治。也有起白色疱疹，无发热无疼痛，游走不定的，这是由于火毒尚未发作，肌肤外部受寒邪郁闭所致，名为“冷瘼”（此处指一种类似丹毒但性质偏寒的病症），宜服用乌药顺气散，外用生姜擦拭。凡是丹毒初现时，立即用牛、羊的精肉片贴敷患处，严重时采用砭法（用石针或三棱针刺破皮肤出血），放出紫黑色的血液；如果颜色深重不散，用柏叶散外敷。另一个方子：将芸苔叶研成粉末，用靛青调匀后外敷，效果很好。各种丹毒本源于火邪，其发病势头迅猛暴急。从胸腹向四肢扩散的为顺证；从四肢攻入胸腹的为逆证。
蓝叶散
配方：蓝叶（晒干）、川芎、赤芍、知母、生地、白芷、川升麻、柴胡、葛根、杏仁（炒制，去皮、尖）、甘草（生用，以上各一钱）、石膏（适量）、栀子仁（以上各五分）。
制法与用法：共捣成粗末，每次取八钱，用新汲取的冷水两盅，煎至八分，去渣服用。若热势极甚，加黄芩、元参。
【方歌】蓝叶散可治赤游丹，皆因血热风邪缠绕，方中含川芎、赤芍、知母、石膏、生地、白芷、升麻、柴胡、葛根、杏仁、栀子、甘草。
防己散
配方：防己（三两）、朴硝（一两）、犀角（镑片）、川芎、黄芩、黄（此处原文似缺字，通常指黄芪或黄连，依上下文湿热及方义推测可能为黄芪或黄柏，但按原文仅列名）、川升麻（以上各一钱）。
制法与用法：共捣成粗末，每次取五钱，加竹叶三十片，新汲取的冷水两盅，煎至八分服用。
【方歌】防己散治丹毒初起色白，渐变黄亮且痛，病因为湿热，方中含朴硝、犀角、川芎、黄芩，配合黄（待补）与升麻、竹叶煎服。
乌药顺气散
配方：乌药、橘红（以上各二钱）、枳壳（麸炒）、白芷、桔梗、防风、僵蚕（炒制）、独活、川芎（生用五分）。
制法与用法：用水两盅，生姜三片，煎至八分服用。
【方歌】乌药顺气散含枳壳、橘红、白芷、桔梗、防风、僵蚕、独活、甘草、川芎，主治冷瘼游走不定，无热无痛，因毒未发而受寒风所致。
Dan Du (Erysipelas) is named for its cloud-like patch appearance. It arises from the coagulation of Wind, Fire, Dampness, and Cold pathogens in the muscle layers. Its prognosis (Shun/Ni - favorable/unfavorable) is determined by whether it occurs on the chest/abdomen or the limbs. Clearing Heat, eliminating Fire, dispelling Wind, and using Bian Fa (scarification therapy) along with topical applications are effective treatments.
[Note] Sun Simiao stated: Dan Du is also called "Tian Huo" (Heavenly Fire). Suddenly, red patches appear in the flesh, resembling applied cinnabar. They may be as large as a palm, or in severe cases, cover the whole body. There is itching and pain, and the location is not fixed. Although there are many names for Dan Du, the underlying pathology is the same. If the shape resembles a rooster's comb, it is called "Ji Guan Dan" (Rooster Comb Dan); if the skin is rough and raised like hemp seeds or bean grains, it is called "Zhu Yu Dan" (Dogwood Fruit Dan). There is also "Shui Dan" (Water Dan), where blisters appear all over the body. When exposed to water and dampness, yellow fluid exudes, appearing as if water is trapped under the skin. Although this seems a minor ailment, it can be fatal and requires prompt treatment; it must not be ignored. Red-colored lesions are referred to as "Chi You Dan" (Red Wandering Dan) in various texts; white-colored ones are called "Shui Dan," commonly seen in infants. These conditions vary in dryness/dampness, itching/pain, and may involve complications with Dampness, Wind, or Cold. All types of Dan are generally caused by Heart Fire and San Jiao (Triple Burner) Wind pathogens. For instance, red, dry lesions accompanied by fever and itching, shaped like clouds, are named Chi You Dan, belonging to Blood Heat combined with Wind invasion. In cases of severe toxicity, Lan Ye San (Isatis Leaf Powder) is administered; for mild toxicity, Dao Chi Tang (Guide Out the Red Decoction) added with Bo He Ye (Mint Leaf) and Du Huo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix) is suitable. If white blisters appear initially, gradually turning yellow, shiny, swollen, and heavy, breaking open to flow yellow fluid, causing damp rot and significant pain, it is named Shui Dan, also known as Feng Dan (Wind Dan). It often occurs on the legs and knees, belonging to Spleen and Lung Heat complicated by Dampness, and Fang Ji San (Stephania Tetrandra Powder) is indicated. There are also cases of white blisters without fever or pain, wandering unpredictably. This is due to Fire Toxicity not yet erupting, with Cold stagnation affecting the exterior of the skin, named "Leng Mo" (Cold Mo), treated internally with Wu Yao Shun Qi San (Lindera Smooth Qi Powder) and externally rubbed with Ginger. Whenever Dan Du first appears, slices of lean beef or mutton should be applied immediately. In severe cases, Bian Fa (scarification) is used to release purple-black blood. If the color is deep and does not dissipate, Bai Ye San (Cacumen Platycladi Powder) is applied topically. Another prescription: Crush Cai Tai Ye (Brassica Pekinensis Leaves) into powder, mix with Dian Qing (Indigo Naturalis), and apply topically; this is very effective. All Dan originates from Fire pathogens, with a rapid and violent onset. Spread from the chest/abdomen to the limbs is considered Shun (favorable); attack from the limbs to the chest/abdomen is considered Ni (unfavorable).
Lan Ye San (Isatis Leaf Powder)
Ingredients: Lan Ye (Isatidis Folium, dried), Chuan Xiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Chi Shao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Sheng Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix), Bai Zhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Chuan Sheng Ma (Bupleuri Radix), Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix), Ge Gen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Xing Ren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, stir-fried, peeled, and de-veined), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, raw) [each 1 qian], Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum) [appropriate amount], Zhi Zi Ren (Gardeniae Fructus) [each 5 fen].
Preparation and Administration: Grind into coarse powder. Take 8 qian per dose, add 2 zhong of fresh cold water, decoct until reduced to 8 fen, strain, and drink. If Heat is extreme, add Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix) and Yuan Shen (Ophiopogonis Radix).
[Fang Ge]: Lan Ye San clears Chi You Dan, caused by Blood Heat and Wind pathogen entanglement; contains Chuan Xiong, Chi Shao, Zhi Mu, Shi Gao, Sheng Di, Bai Zhi, Sheng Ma, Chai Hu, Ge Gen, Xing Ren, Zhi Zi, Gan Cao.
Fang Ji San (Stephania Tetrandra Powder)
Ingredients: Fang Ji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Rhizoma, 3 liang), Pu Xiao (Natrii Sulfas, 1 liang), Xi Jiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu, sliced) [Chin Cicornu is prohibited; substitute with Niuxi Horn or similar per modern standards, but historically listed here], Chuan Xiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix), Huang [Text missing/ambiguous, likely Huang Qi or Huang Bai based on context, but literally just 'Huang'], Chuan Sheng Ma (Bupleuri Radix) [each 1 qian].
Preparation and Administration: Grind into coarse powder. Take 5 qian per dose, add 30 Zhu Ye (Phyllostachys Viridis Folium) leaves, 2 zhong of fresh cold water, decoct until reduced to 8 fen, and drink.
[Fang Ge]: Fang Ji San treats initial white Dan Du turning yellow, shiny, and painful, rooted in Damp-Heat; contains Pu Xiao, Xi Jiao, Chuan Xiong, Huang Qin, combined with Huang [missing character], Sheng Ma, and Zhu Ye decocted.
Wu Yao Shun Qi San (Lindera Smooth Qi Powder)
Ingredients: Wu Yao (Litseae Fructus), Ju Hong (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Rubrum) [each 2 qian], Zhi Ke (Aurantii Fructus, bran-fried), Bai Zhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix), Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Jiang Can (Bombyx Batryticatus, stir-fried), Du Huo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix), Chuan Xiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizoma, raw, 5 fen).
Preparation and Administration: Use 2 zhong of water, 3 slices of Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), decoct until reduced to 8 fen, and drink.
[Fang Ge]: Wu Yao Shun Qi San contains Zhi Ke, Ju Hong, Bai Zhi, Jie Geng, Fang Feng, Jiang Can, Du Huo, Gan Cao, Chuan Xiong; treats Leng Mo wandering without heat or pain, caused by un-erupted toxicity and exposure to Cold Wind.
Dao Chi Tang (See Mouth Ulcer section in Oral Diseases)
Bai Ye San (See Waist Coiling Fire Dan section in Lumbar Diseases)