防风通圣散 荆防败毒散(见时毒门)
补中益气汤 四物汤(见痈疽溃疡门)
黄连解毒汤(见疔疮门)
少商穴∶在手掌外侧,去爪甲角二分是穴,棱针刺血。
夫时毒者,天行时气之病也。春当温而反寒,夏当热而反凉,秋当凉而反热,冬宜寒而反温,此四时不正
之气,感于人发成斯疾也。自有阴阳、表里、寒热、虚实分治。初起与风寒相类,惟头、面、耳、项发肿为真,
其患既得,寒热交作,体强头眩,脉浮紧数者,为邪在表;以荆防败毒散或万灵丹发汗以散之。如两目鼻面渐
次传肿者,乃正阳明受病;其患 肿发热,便秘口干,多热少寒,脉数有力,为邪在里;五利大黄汤、四顺清
凉饮下之。又头角两耳前后结肿者,乃手少阳经受之,其患耳鸣筋痛,寒热呕吐,口苦咽干,烦躁时甚,当以
知母石膏汤、小柴胡汤和之。通用防风通圣散加牛子、玄参解毒攻里。劳役凶荒,沿门闾巷传染者,普济消毒
饮。藿香正气散以安之。表里俱解,肿尚不消,宜砭去恶血。肿热甚者,如意金黄散敷之。微
热不红坚硬者,冲和膏选而用之。自后仍不消者,必欲作脓,宜托里消毒散加白芷、皂角针托之。已溃体倦食
少者,补中益气汤;脓秽脾虚、食而呕吐者,香砂六君子汤;溃而不敛者,十全大补汤。又有毒中三阳,自项
之以上俱发肿者,光如水色,双目合缝,唇似猪形,口角流涎,肿不消溃,声音不出,饮食不入,咽喉肿闭,
牙关难开,破流臭水,秽气连绵不绝者,犯此俱为不治。
防风通圣散、荆防败毒散(参见时毒门)
补中益气汤、四物汤(参见痈疽溃疡门)
黄连解毒汤(参见疔疮门)
少商穴:位于手掌外侧,距离指甲角二分处,用三棱针刺破出血。
所谓时毒,是感受天时流行邪气所致的疾病。春季应当温暖却反而寒冷,夏季应当炎热却反而凉爽,秋季应当凉快却反而炎热,冬季应当寒冷却反而温暖,这是四季不正之气,人体感邪后便发生此病。治疗时需根据阴阳、表里、寒热、虚实进行分治。发病初期与风寒感冒相似,只有头、面、耳、项部出现肿胀才是真证。患病之后,恶寒与发热交替发作,身体强直、头晕目眩,脉象浮紧而数,说明邪气在表;可用荆防败毒散或万灵丹发汗以疏散邪气。如果双眼、鼻子、面部逐渐依次肿胀,这是足阳明经受病;其症状为局部肿胀发热,大便秘结,口干,热多寒少,脉象数而有力,说明邪气在里;可用五利大黄汤、四顺清凉饮攻下泄热。如果是头角及两耳前后结块肿胀,这是手少阳经受病,其症状为耳鸣、筋脉疼痛,恶寒发热伴呕吐,口苦咽干,烦躁不安且时轻时重,应用知母石膏汤、小柴胡汤和解少阳。通用方剂可用防风通圣散加牛蒡子、玄参以解毒攻里。若因劳役过度或遭遇饥荒,导致沿街巷传染者,使用普济消毒饮。再用藿香正气散来安抚调理。若表里之邪均已解除,但肿胀仍不消退,宜用砭法刺破排出恶血。若肿胀热势严重,外敷如意金黄散。若微热且不红、质地坚硬者,选用冲和膏涂抹。此后若仍不消退,必定将要化脓,宜用托里消毒散加白芷、皂角针以托毒排脓。已经溃破且身体疲倦、食欲减少者,服用补中益气汤;若脓液秽浊、脾虚、进食后呕吐者,服用香砂六君子汤;若溃破后伤口不收敛者,服用十全大补汤。又有毒邪侵犯三阳经,从颈部以上全部肿胀的,面色光亮如水色,双目紧闭难睁,嘴唇肿得像猪嘴一样,口角流涎,肿胀不消也不溃破,声音不出,无法饮食,咽喉肿痛闭塞,牙关难以张开,破溃后流出臭水,秽气连绵不绝者,凡遇到这种情况都属于不治之症。
Fangfeng Tongsheng San (Wind-Proof Universal Powder), Jingfang Baidu San (Scutellaria and Saposhnikovia Decoction for Overcoming Toxins) (see Section on Seasonal Toxins).
Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Decoction to Supplement the Middle and Augment the Qi), Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) (see Section on Carbuncles, Ulcers, and Open Wounds).
Huanglian Jiedu Tang (Coptis Decoction to Resolve Toxins) (see Section on Furuncles).
Shaoshang acupoint: Located on the lateral side of the hand, two fen away from the corner of the nail; puncture with a three-edged needle to bleed.
Seasonal toxins refer to diseases caused by contracting epidemic pathogenic factors of the time. In spring, it should be warm but is instead cold; in summer, it should be hot but is instead cool; in autumn, it should be cool but is instead hot; in winter, it should be cold but is instead warm. These are the abnormal qi of the four seasons. When humans contract these pathogens, this disease arises. Treatment must be differentiated according to Yin and Yang, exterior and interior, cold and heat, and deficiency and excess. In the initial stage, it resembles wind-cold, but true seasonal toxin is identified only by swelling in the head, face, ears, and neck. Once contracted, symptoms include alternating chills and fever, stiffness of the body, dizziness, and a floating, tight, and rapid pulse, indicating the pathogen is in the exterior. Use Jingfang Baidu San or Wanling Dan to induce sweating and disperse the pathogen. If swelling gradually spreads to both eyes, nose, and face, the Foot-Yangming meridian is affected. Symptoms include local swelling and fever, constipation, dry mouth, more heat than cold, and a rapid and forceful pulse, indicating the pathogen is in the interior. Use Wuli Dahuang Tang (Five-Purgative Rhubarb Decoction) or Sishun Qingliang Yin (Four-Regulating Cooling Drink) to purge downward. If swelling forms at the temples and around both ears, the Hand-Shaoyang meridian is affected. Symptoms include tinnitus, tendon pain, alternating chills and fever with vomiting, bitter taste in the mouth, dry throat, and severe irritability. Treat with Zhimu Shigao Tang (Anemarrhena and Gypsum Decoction) and Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) to harmonize. A general formula is Fangfeng Tongsheng San added with Niuzi (Armeniacae Semen Amarum) and Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix) to resolve toxins and purge the interior. In cases of labor exhaustion or famine where infection spreads through streets and alleys, use Puji Xiaodu Yin (Universal Relief Decoction to Eliminate Toxins). Follow with Huoxiang Zhengqi San (Patchouli and Magnolia Bark Decoction to Rectify the Qi) to stabilize. If exterior and interior pathogens are resolved but swelling persists, use bianfa (stone needle therapy) to remove bad blood. For severe swelling and heat, apply Ruyi Jinhuang San (Ruyi Golden Yellow Powder). For mild heat, non-redness, and hardness, select Chonghe Gao (Harmony Ointment). If swelling still does not subside, suppuration is likely; use Tuoli Xiaodu San (Supporting Interior Decoction to Eliminate Toxins) added with Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix) and Zaojiaozhen (Gleditsiae Sinensis Spina) to support the interior and expel pus. For patients who have ulcerated with fatigue and poor appetite, use Buzhong Yiqi Tang. For those with foul pus, spleen deficiency, and vomiting after eating, use Xiangsha Liujunzi Tang (Aucklandia and Amomum Six-Gentlemen Decoction). For ulcers that fail to heal, use Shiquan Dabu Tang (Perfect Ten Great Tonifying Decoction). Additionally, if toxins invade the Three Yang meridians causing swelling from the neck upwards, with skin shining like water, eyes tightly shut, lips swollen like a pig's snout, drooling, persistent swelling without suppuration, loss of voice, inability to eat or drink, swollen and closed throat, locked jaw, foul-smelling discharge upon rupture, and continuous foul odor, all such cases are considered incurable.