凡诊脉。视其人大小长短。及性气缓急。脉之。皆如其人形性则吉。反之者则凶。
夫脉者血之府也。长则气理。短则气病。数则心烦。大则病进。上盛则气高。下盛则气
胀。代则气衰。细则气少。
短而急者病在上。长而缓者病在下。弦而沉者病在内。浮而洪者病在外。滑而微浮病在
肺。
脉
诸
下
脉与肌肉相得。久持之至者。可下之。弦小紧者。可下之。弦迟者。宜温药。紧数者。
可发汗。
寸口脉浮大而疾者。名曰阳中之阳。病苦烦满。身热。头痛。腹中热。
寸口脉沉细者。名曰阳中之阴。病苦悲伤不乐。恶闻人声。少气。时时汗出。阴气不通
两臂不举。
尺脉沉细。名曰阴中之阴。苦两胫酸疼。不能久立。阴气衰。小便余沥。阴下湿痒。
尺寸脉牢而长。关中无。此为阴干阳。苦两胫重。小腹引腰痛。
寸口脉壮大。尺中无。此为阳干阴。苦腰背痛。阴中伤。足胫寒。
尺脉浮而大。为阳干阴。苦小腹痛满。不能溺。溺即阴中痛。大便亦然。寸口脉紧者中
风。风攻头痛。
夫疟脉自弦。弦数多热。弦迟多寒。初持脉如躁之状。久久按之细而牢。苦腰腹相引痛
。不能食。足胫重。
脉来乍大乍小。乍短乍长。为祸祟。脉来但实者。为心劳。脉来洪大袅袅者。祸祟。寸
口脉
脉来
者。
脉来
脉
入
有积聚。击痛。脉沉而细。下焦寒。小便数。苦 痛。下重痢。脉滑而浮散者。有风。脉短
而滑者。病酒。脉紧而滑者。吐逆。脉迟而缓者。脾胃有寒。脉弦而钩。胁下如刀刺。状如
飞尸。至困而不死。脉沉而迟。腹藏有冷病。脉浮而细滑。伤于寒饮。脉沉而数。其人中水
。冬时不治自愈。脉滑者。阳气盛。脉微而紧者。有寒。脉涩细而紧者。痹病。脉沉而滑。
为下重。背膂痛。脉短而数。心痛必烦。脉紧而数。寒热俱发。必当下之乃愈。脉微弱者。
有寒。少气。脉实紧者。胃中有寒。苦不能食。时时利者。当难治。脉弦而紧。胁下痛。脉
大细滑。中有短气。脉微小者。血气俱少。脉涩者。少血多气。脉滑者。多血少气。脉大者。
气血俱多。两手脉前部阳绝者。苦心下寒。口中热。脉洪大紧急。病在外。苦头痛。发痈肿
。脉细小紧急。病在中。寒疝。瘕积聚。腹中痛。脉浮大。中风。头重鼻塞。脉微浮。秋吉
冬病。脉来疾者为热。迟者为寒。滑为鬼疰。弦为切痛。脉沉重而直前绝者。病血在腹间。
脉沉重而中散者。因寒食成症。脉沉而急。病伤暑暴发虚热。脉来中散绝者。病 渴。脉沉
重。前不至寸口。徘徊绝者。病在肌肉遁尸。脉累累如贯珠不前至。有风寒在大肠。伏留不
去。脉来累累而止。不至寸口。软者结热在小肠膜中。伏留不去。脉微。即阳气不足。沾热
汗出。凡无阳即厥。无阴即呕。阳微不能呼。阴微不能吸。呼吸不足。胸中气促。前大后小
即头痛目眩。前小后大即胸满短气。上部有脉。下部无脉。其人当吐不吐者死。阳邪来。见
浮洪。阴邪来。见沉细。水谷来。见实坚。浮而滑者宿食。洪大伤寒热病。弦小者寒癖。浮
滑之脉速疾者。食不消。脾不磨也。关脉坚而滑者。蛔（音回）虫也。尺脉沉滑者。寸白虫
也。
三部或至或不至。冷气在胃中。故令脉不通也。脉紧而急者。为遁尸。脉紧而长过寸口者。
疰病。关脉浮。积热在胃中。尺脉浮者。客热在下焦。
诸浮。诸紧。诸弦。诸沉。诸涩。诸滑。若在寸口。膈以上病。若在关上。胃以下病。
若在
之所
关为
凡是诊察脉象，要观察病人的体型大小、高矮长短，以及性格气质的急躁或舒缓。切脉时，如果脉象与病人的形体和性格相符，就是吉兆；反之，则是不祥之兆。
脉是血液汇聚的府库。脉象长，说明气机调畅；脉象短，说明气机有病；脉象数（快），说明心中烦乱；脉象大，说明病势进展。上部脉盛，说明气逆于上；下部脉盛，说明气滞胀满；脉象代（间歇），说明气衰；脉象细，说明气少。
脉象短而急迫，病在上部；脉象长而舒缓，病在下部；脉象弦而沉，病在体内；脉象浮而洪，病在体表。脉象滑而微浮，病在肺脏。
脉象与肌肉相合，久按至脉搏有力者，可以用攻下法治疗。脉象弦小且紧，可以用攻下法治疗。脉象弦而迟，适宜用温药治疗。脉象紧而数，可以用发汗法治疗。
寸口脉浮大而疾速的，称为“阳中之阳”。病人苦于烦闷胀满，身体发热，头痛，腹中热。
寸口脉沉细的，称为“阳中之阴”。病人苦于悲伤不乐，厌恶听到人声，气短，时常出汗，阴气不通，两臂不能举起。
尺脉沉细的，称为“阴中之阴”。病人苦于两小腿酸痛，不能久站，阴气衰弱，小便淋漓不尽，阴部潮湿瘙痒。
寸部和尺部的脉都牢而长，关部没有脉象，这是阴邪干扰阳位。病人苦于两小腿沉重，小腹牵引腰痛。
寸口脉盛大，尺部没有脉象，这是阳邪干扰阴位。病人苦于腰背痛，阴部受伤，足胫寒冷。
尺脉浮而大，也是阳邪干扰阴位。病人苦于小腹痛满，不能排尿，排尿时阴部疼痛，大便也如此。寸口脉紧的，是中风。风邪攻击头部导致头痛。
疟疾的脉象自然呈弦脉。弦数脉多热，弦迟脉多寒。初切脉时感觉像躁动不安的样子，久久按压后脉象细而牢，病人苦于腰腹相互牵引疼痛，不能进食，足胫沉重。
脉象忽大忽小，忽短忽长，这是鬼祟作怪。脉象单纯实大的，是心劳。脉象洪大且柔弱飘摇的，是鬼祟作怪。
脉象有积聚，击打疼痛，脉沉而细，下焦寒，小便频数，苦于疼痛，下重痢疾。脉滑而浮散的，有风邪。脉短而滑的，是酒病。脉紧而滑的，呕吐逆气。脉迟而缓的，脾胃有寒。脉弦而钩，胁下如刀刺般疼痛，状如飞尸，虽极度困顿但不死。脉沉而迟，脏腑有冷病。脉浮而细滑，伤于寒饮。脉沉而数，病人中了水毒，冬季不治也能自愈。脉滑的，阳气盛。脉微而紧的，有寒。脉涩细而紧的，是痹病。脉沉而滑的，为下重，背脊痛。脉短而数的，心痛必烦。脉紧而数的，寒热同时发作，必须用攻下法才能痊愈。脉微弱的，有寒，气短。脉实紧的，胃中有寒，苦于不能进食，时常腹泻的，难以治疗。脉弦而紧的，胁下痛。脉大细滑的，中间有短气。脉微小的，气血俱少。脉涩的，血少气多。脉滑的，血多气少。脉大的，气血俱多。两手脉的前部（寸部）阳绝的，苦于心下寒，口中热。脉洪大紧急的，病在体表，苦于头痛，发生痈肿。脉细小紧急的，病在体内，寒疝，瘕积聚，腹中痛。脉浮大的，中风，头重鼻塞。脉微浮的，秋季吉利，冬季发病。脉来疾速的是热证，迟的是寒证。滑脉是鬼疰。弦脉是切割样疼痛。脉沉重且直前断绝的，腹中有瘀血。脉沉重而中段的脉散乱的，因寒食形成症积。脉沉而急的，病伤暑暴发虚热。脉来中段散乱断绝的，病渴。脉沉重，前部不到达寸口，徘徊断绝的，病在肌肉间的遁尸。脉累累如贯珠而不前进到达寸口的，有大肠的风寒，伏留不去。脉来累累而有止歇，不到达寸口，柔软的，结热在小肠膜中，伏留不去。脉微的，即阳气不足，沾惹热邪汗出。凡无阳则厥逆，无阴则呕吐。阳微不能呼气，阴微不能吸气，呼吸不足，胸中气促。前大后小即头痛目眩，前小后大即胸满短气。上部有脉，下部无脉，其人应当呕吐却不呕吐的，死。阳邪来临，见浮洪脉；阴邪来临，见沉细脉；水谷之气来临，见实坚脉。浮而滑的是宿食。洪大的是伤寒热病。弦小的是寒癖。浮滑且脉速疾的，食物不消化，脾不磨化。关脉坚而滑的，是蛔虫。尺脉沉滑的，是寸白虫（绦虫）。
三部脉有的至，有的不至，冷气在胃中，所以令脉不通。脉紧而急的，是遁尸。脉紧而长超过寸口的，是注病。关脉浮，积热在胃中。尺脉浮的，客热在下焦。
Whenever examining the pulse, one must observe the patient's body size and length, as well as their temperament, whether slow or urgent. When palpating the pulse, if it corresponds to the person's physique and character, it is auspicious; if contrary, it is inauspicious.
The pulse is the mansion of blood. A long pulse indicates regulated Qi; a short pulse indicates diseased Qi; a rapid (Shuo) pulse indicates mental restlessness; a large pulse indicates advancing disease. Excess at the upper part indicates Qi rising upward; excess at the lower part indicates Qi stagnation and distension. A Dai pulse (intermittent) indicates Qi deficiency; a thin pulse indicates little Qi.
A short and urgent pulse indicates disease in the upper part; a long and relaxed pulse indicates disease in the lower part; a wiry and deep pulse indicates disease inside; a floating and surging pulse indicates disease on the exterior. A slippery and slightly floating pulse indicates disease in the Lung.
When the pulse matches the flesh and bone, and after holding for a long time the pulse arrives strongly, purgation may be used. A wiry, small, and tight pulse may be treated with purgation. A wiry and slow pulse is suitable for warm herbs. A tight and rapid pulse may be treated with sweating methods.
If the Cun Kou pulse is floating, large, and rapid, it is named "Yang within Yang". The patient suffers from vexation and fullness, feverish body, headache, and heat in the abdomen.
If the Cun Kou pulse is deep and fine, it is named "Yin within Yang". The patient suffers from sorrow and unhappiness, aversion to hearing voices, shortness of breath, frequent sweating, obstruction of Yin Qi, and inability to raise both arms.
If the Chi pulse is deep and fine, it is named "Yin within Yin". The patient suffers from soreness and pain in both calves, inability to stand for long, decline of Yin Qi, dribbling urine, and dampness and itching in the genital area.
If both Cun and Chi pulses are firm and long, but absent at Guan, this is Yin interfering with Yang. The patient suffers from heaviness in both calves and lower abdominal pain radiating to the lower back.
If the Cun Kou pulse is large and strong, but absent at Chi, this is Yang interfering with Yin. The patient suffers from pain in the waist and back, injury to the yin organs, and coldness in the feet and shins.
If the Chi pulse is floating and large, it is also Yang interfering with Yin. The patient suffers from lower abdominal pain and fullness, inability to urinate, and pain in the genitals during urination; defecation is similarly affected. If the Cun Kou pulse is tight, it indicates Wind Strike. Wind attacking the head causes headache.
The pulse of Malaria naturally presents as Wiry. A Wiry-Rapid pulse indicates much heat; a Wiry-Slow pulse indicates much cold. Initially, the pulse feels restless; upon prolonged palpation, it becomes fine and firm. The patient suffers from pulling pain between the waist and abdomen, inability to eat, and heaviness in the feet and shins.
A pulse that fluctuates between large and small, short and long, indicates malevolent spirits. A pulse that is merely solid indicates Heart Labor. A pulse that is surging, large, and weakly wavering indicates malevolent spirits.
A pulse associated with accumulations and striking pain, which is deep and fine, indicates Cold in the Lower Jiao, frequent urination, painful tenesmus, and dysentery. A slippery and floating-scattered pulse indicates Wind. A short and slippery pulse indicates Wine Disease. A tight and slippery pulse indicates vomiting and reflux. A slow and relaxed pulse indicates Cold in the Spleen and Stomach. A wiry and hook-shaped pulse indicates stabbing pain under the ribs, resembling Flying Corpse, causing extreme distress but not death. A deep and slow pulse indicates Cold disease in the internal organs. A floating, fine, and slippery pulse indicates injury by Cold Fluid retention. A deep and rapid pulse indicates Water Poisoning; if untreated in winter, it heals spontaneously. A slippery pulse indicates abundant Yang Qi. A minute and tight pulse indicates Cold. A choppy, fine, and tight pulse indicates Bi Syndrome. A deep and slippery pulse indicates Tenesmus and Back Spine Pain. A short and rapid pulse indicates Heartache with inevitable vexation. A tight and rapid pulse indicates simultaneous onset of Cold and Heat, requiring purgation for recovery. A minute and weak pulse indicates Cold and Shortness of Breath. A solid and tight pulse indicates Cold in the Stomach, suffering from inability to eat; frequent diarrhea makes it difficult to treat. A wiry and tight pulse indicates pain under the ribs. A large, fine, and slippery pulse indicates Shortness of Breath in the center. A minute pulse indicates deficiency of both Blood and Qi. A choppy pulse indicates little Blood and much Qi. A slippery pulse indicates much Blood and little Qi. A large pulse indicates abundance of both Blood and Qi. Absence of Yang pulse in the anterior part (Cun) of both hands indicates Cold below the Heart and heat in the mouth. A surging, large, and urgent pulse indicates disease on the exterior, suffering from headache and Carbuncles/Swellings. A fine, small, and urgent pulse indicates disease in the interior, Cold Hernia, Mass Accumulations, and abdominal pain. A floating and large pulse indicates Wind Strike, heavy head, and nasal congestion. A minute and floating pulse is auspicious in Autumn but indicates disease in Winter. A rapid-coming pulse indicates Heat; a slow-coming pulse indicates Cold. A Slippery pulse indicates Ghost Zhu (contagious disease). A Wiry pulse indicates cutting pain. A heavy pulse that goes straight forward and cuts off indicates Blood stasis in the abdomen. A heavy pulse that scatters in the middle indicates Mass formation due to Cold Food. A deep and urgent pulse indicates sudden onset of Deficient Heat from Summerheat injury. A pulse that scatters and cuts off in the middle indicates Thirst disease. A heavy pulse that does not reach the Cun Kou and lingers/cuts off indicates Dun Shi (Lurking Corpse) in the muscles. A pulse coming like a string of pearls but not reaching the Cun Kou indicates Wind-Cold in the Large Intestine, lingering without departing. A pulse coming like beads but stopping, not reaching the Cun Kou, and being soft indicates Heat accumulation in the Small Intestine membrane, lingering without departing. A minute pulse indicates insufficiency of Yang Qi, leading to sweating from heat. Without Yang, there is Cold Reversal; without Yin, there is Vomiting. Yang deficiency cannot exhale; Yin deficiency cannot inhale. Insufficient respiration leads to shortness of breath in the chest. Anterior-large and posterior-small indicates headache and dizziness; anterior-small and posterior-large indicates chest fullness and shortness of breath. If there is pulse above but no pulse below, and the person should vomit but cannot, death ensues. When Yang pathogen comes, Floating-Surging pulse appears; when Yin pathogen comes, Deep-Fine pulse appears; when Grain/Water qi comes, Solid-Firm pulse appears. Floating and Slippery indicates retained food. Surging and Large indicates Cold Damage Febrile Disease. Wiry and Small indicates Cold Pi. Floating, Slippery, and rapid indicates indigestion due to Spleen failing to transform. Firm and Slippery Guan pulse indicates Roundworms. Deep and Slippery Chi pulse indicates Tapeworms.
If the pulses in the three positions arrive intermittently or do not arrive, Cold Qi in the Stomach obstructs the pulse flow. A tight and urgent pulse indicates Dun Shi. A tight and long pulse extending beyond the Cun Kou indicates Zhu Disease. Floating Guan pulse indicates accumulated Heat in the Stomach. Floating Chi pulse indicates Guest Heat in the Lower Jiao.
All Floating, Tight, Wiry, Deep, Choppy, and Slippery pulses: if at Cun Kou, disease is above the Diaphragm; if at Guan, disease is below the Stomach.