夫肾主水。肺主气。肾虚不能制水。故水妄行。浸溢皮肤。而身体肿满。流散不已。上
乘于肺。肺得水而浮。则上气而咳逆也。
治水气咳逆上气。四肢浮肿。坐卧不安。汉防己散方。
汉防己（半两） 桑根白皮（一两锉） 木通（一两锉） 赤茯苓（一两） 郁李仁（半
两汤浸
去皮
合
（一两
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。入枣四枚。煎至五分。去滓。食前温服
治水气。遍身肿满。上气咳逆。小便涩少。宜服此方。
桑根白皮（一两锉） 泽漆茎叶（一两） 赤茯苓（一两） 甜葶苈（一两隔纸炒令紫
色） 杏
仁（一两汤浸去皮尖双仁麸炒微黄） 郁李仁（半两汤浸去皮微炒）
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。入生姜半分。煎至五分。去滓。空心温
服。如人行十里。小便大利为效。如未利。即再服。
治水气浮肿。咳逆上气。宜服此方。
甜葶苈（三分隔纸炒令紫色） 杏仁（半两汤浸去皮尖双仁麸炒微黄） 赤芍药（半两）
秦
艽（半
根白皮
（半两
上件药。捣筛为散。每服三钱。以浆水一中盏。煎至六分。去滓。温服。日三四服。
治水气肿盛。咳逆上气。小便赤涩。杏仁散方。
杏仁（一两汤浸去皮尖双仁麸炒微黄） 白茅根（一两半锉） 赤茯苓（一两） 陈橘
皮（一
两汤
两〕 川
芒硝（一两） 木通（一两锉）
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服四钱。以水一中盏。入生姜半分。煎至五分。去滓。空心温
服。如人行十里。当下黄水一二升为效。
治水气肿满。咳逆上气。乌扇丸方。
乌扇（半两） 蛤蚧（一对涂酥微炙） 木通（半两锉） 汉防己（半两） 大戟（三
分锉碎微
炒） 槟
两） 当
归（半两
桂
（半两去皴皮） 赤茯
上件药。捣罗为末。炼蜜和丸。如小豆大。每日五更初。以桑根白皮汤下三十丸。
治水肿。咳逆上气。坐卧不得。宜服此方。
甜葶苈（一两隔纸炒令紫色） 陈橘皮（一两汤浸去白瓤焙） 甘遂（半两煨令微黄） 牵
牛
子（一两微炒） 郁李仁（半两汤浸去皮微炒）
上件药。捣罗为末。炼蜜和丸。如梧桐子大。每服。煮赤小豆饮。及大麻子饮。下十丸。
日三服。以大小便利为
又方。
海蛤（一两细研） 甜葶苈（一两隔纸炒令紫色） 汉防己（一两） 杏仁〔一（二）
分汤浸去
皮尖双仁麸炒微黄〕 甘遂（一两煨令微黄） 桑根白皮（一两锉）
上件药。捣罗为末。以枣肉和捣三二百杵。丸如梧桐子大。每于食前。以大麻子汤下七
丸。
治水气肿满。咳逆上气。坐卧不安。海藻丸方。
海藻（二两半洗去咸味。）牵牛子（二两半微炒） 桂心（一两） 甜葶苈〔一（三）
两隔纸炒
令紫色〕 牛黄（半两细研） 昆布（二两半洗去咸味） 椒目（一两微炒去汗）
上件药。捣罗为末。炼蜜和丸。如梧桐子大。不计时候。以粥饮下三十丸。
肾脏主管水液代谢，肺脏主管气机运行。若肾气虚弱，无法制约水液，导致水液妄行泛滥，浸渍溢出于皮肤，从而引起身体肿胀满闷，且流散不止。水气上犯于肺，肺脏得水则气浮，进而出现气逆和咳嗽喘息的症状。
治疗水气病引起的咳逆上气、四肢浮肿、坐卧不安的汉防己散方：
汉防己（半两）、桑根白皮（一两，锉碎）、木通（一两，锉碎）、赤茯苓（一两）、郁李仁（半两，汤浸去皮）。
以上药物，捣碎并粗筛为散剂。每次服用五钱，加水一大盏，放入四枚大枣，煎煮至剩余五分水量，滤去药渣，饭前温服。
治疗水气病，全身肿胀满闷，气逆咳嗽，小便涩少，适宜服用此方：
桑根白皮（一两，锉碎）、泽漆茎叶（一两）、赤茯苓（一两）、甜葶苈（一两，隔纸炒至紫色）、杏仁（一两，汤浸去皮尖及双仁，麸炒微黄）、郁李仁（半两，汤浸去皮微炒）。
以上药物，捣碎并粗筛为散剂。每次服用五钱，加水一大盏，放入生姜半分，煎煮至剩余五分水量，滤去药渣，空腹温服。如果行走十里路后，小便通畅大量排出即为见效；若未通利，则再次服用。
治疗水气引起的浮肿、咳逆上气，适宜服用此方：
甜葶苈（三分，隔纸炒至紫色）、杏仁（半两，汤浸去皮尖及双仁，麸炒微黄）、赤芍药（半两）、秦艽（半两）、桑根白皮（半两）。
以上药物，捣碎过筛为散剂。每次服用三钱，用浆水一中盏，煎煮至剩余六分水量，滤去药渣，温服。每日服用三四次。
治疗水气肿盛、咳逆上气、小便赤涩的杏仁散方：
杏仁（一两，汤浸去皮尖及双仁，麸炒微黄）、白茅根（一两半，锉碎）、赤茯苓（一两）、陈橘皮（一两，汤浸去白瓤）、川大黄（一两，酒浸，切片，焙干）、芒硝（一两）、木通（一两，锉碎）。
以上药物，捣碎并粗筛为散剂。每次服用四钱，加水一中盏，放入生姜半分，煎煮至剩余五分水量，滤去药渣，空腹温服。如果行走十里路后，当下泻出黄水一二升即为见效。
治疗水气肿满、咳逆上气的乌扇丸方：
乌扇（半两）、蛤蚧（一对，涂酥微炙）、木通（半两，锉碎）、汉防己（半两）、大戟（三分，锉碎微炒）、槟榔（半两）、当归（半两）、桂心（半两，去皴皮）、赤茯苓（半两）。
以上药物，捣碎过筛为末，用炼蜜调和制成丸药，大小如小豆。每天五更初，用桑根白皮汤送服三十丸。
治疗水肿、咳逆上气、坐卧不得的方剂：
甜葶苈（一两，隔纸炒至紫色）、陈橘皮（一两，汤浸去白瓤焙干）、甘遂（半两，煨至微黄）、牵牛子（一两，微炒）、郁李仁（半两，汤浸去皮微炒）。
以上药物，捣碎过筛为末，用炼蜜调和制成丸药，大小如梧桐子。每次服用时，用煮赤小豆的汁或大麻子汁送服十丸。每日三次，以大小便通畅为度。
又一方：
海蛤（一两，细研）、甜葶苈（一两，隔纸炒至紫色）、汉防己（一两）、杏仁（一两，汤浸去皮尖及双仁，麸炒微黄）、甘遂（一两，煨至微黄）、桑根白皮（一两，锉碎）。
以上药物，捣碎过筛为末，用枣肉调和捣击三二百下，制成丸药，大小如梧桐子。每次在饭前，用大麻子汤送服七丸。
治疗水气肿满、咳逆上气、坐卧不安的海藻丸方：
海藻（二两半，洗去咸味）、牵牛子（二两半，微炒）、桂心（一两）、甜葶苈（一两，隔纸炒至紫色）、牛黄（半两，细研）、昆布（二两半，洗去咸味）、椒目（一两，微炒去汗）。
以上药物，捣碎过筛为末，用炼蜜调和制成丸药，大小如梧桐子。不限时候，用粥饮送服三十丸。
The Kidney governs water metabolism, while the Lung governs Qi dynamics. If Kidney Qi is deficient and unable to control water, water will flow recklessly and overflow, infiltrating and spreading into the skin, resulting in bodily swelling and fullness that continues to disperse. The water qi ascends to invade the Lung; when the Lung receives water, it becomes floating, leading to rebellious Qi, coughing, and wheezing.
**Han Fangji Powder (Cousinia Root Powder)** for treating water qi causing rebellious Qi, coughing and wheezing, edema of the four limbs, and restlessness in sitting or lying down:
* *Han Fangji* (Semuncia)
* *Sang Gen Bai Pi* (Morus Alba Root Bark), one liang, sliced
* *Mu Tong* (Akebia Stem), one liang, sliced
* *Chi Fu Ling* (Red Poria), one liang
* *Yu Li Ren* (Prunus Seed), half a liang, soaked in hot water and peeled
Crush the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take five qian per dose, add one large zhan of water and four jujubes, decoct until only two-fifths of the liquid remains, strain, and take warm before meals.
For treating water qi with generalized swelling and fullness, rebellious Qi with coughing and wheezing, and scanty or difficult urination, this formula is suitable:
* *Sang Gen Bai Pi* (Morus Alba Root Bark), one liang, sliced
* *Ze Qi Jing Ye* (Euphorbia Helioscopia Stem and Leaf), one liang
* *Chi Fu Ling* (Red Poria), one liang
* *Tian Ting Li* (Descurainia Seed), one liang, stir-baked between papers until purple
* *Xing Ren* (Apricot Seed), one liang, soaked in hot water, peeled, removed of twin kernels and tips, lightly stir-bran fried until slightly yellow
* *Yu Li Ren* (Prunus Seed), half a liang, soaked in hot water, peeled, and lightly stir-fried
Crush the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take five qian per dose, add one large zhan of water and half a qian of fresh ginger, decoct until only two-fifths of the liquid remains, strain, and take warm on an empty stomach. If after walking ten li the urine flows freely and abundantly, it indicates efficacy. If not, administer another dose.
For treating water qi-induced edema, rebellious Qi with coughing and wheezing, this formula is suitable:
* *Tian Ting Li* (Descurainia Seed), three fen, stir-baked between papers until purple
* *Xing Ren* (Apricot Seed), half a liang, soaked in hot water, peeled, removed of twin kernels and tips, lightly stir-bran fried until slightly yellow
* *Chi Shao Yao* (Red Peony Root), half a liang
* *Qin Jiao* (Gentiana Macrophylla Rhizome), half a liang
* *Sang Gen Bai Pi* (Morus Alba Root Bark), half a liang
Sift the above ingredients into a fine powder. Take three qian per dose, add one medium zhan of fermented grain juice (*jiang shui*), decoct until three-sixths of the liquid remains, strain, and take warm. Administer three to four times daily.
**Xing Ren Powder (Apricot Seed Powder)** for treating severe water qi edema, rebellious Qi with coughing and wheezing, and red, scanty, or difficult urination:
* *Xing Ren* (Apricot Seed), one liang, soaked in hot water, peeled, removed of twin kernels and tips, lightly stir-bran fried until slightly yellow
* *Bai Mao Gen* (Imperata Rhizome), one and a half liang, sliced
* *Chi Fu Ling* (Red Poria), one liang
* *Chen Ju Pi* (Dried Tangerine Peel), one liang, soaked in hot water, white pith removed
* *Chuan Da Huang* (Rhubarb), one liang, soaked in wine, sliced, and dried
* *Mang Xiao* (Mirabilite), one liang
* *Mu Tong* (Akebia Stem), one liang, sliced
Crush the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take four qian per dose, add one medium zhan of water and half a qian of fresh ginger, decoct until only two-fifths of the liquid remains, strain, and take warm on an empty stomach. If after walking ten li one passes one to two sheng of yellow fluid via defecation, it indicates efficacy.
**Wu Shan Pill (Iris Bulb Pill)** for treating water qi swelling and fullness, rebellious Qi with coughing and wheezing:
* *Wu Shan* (Iris Bulb), half a liang
* *Ge Jie* (Gekko Gecko), one pair, coated with butter and lightly roasted
* *Mu Tong* (Akebia Stem), half a liang, sliced
* *Han Fang Ji* (Stephania Tetrandra Root), half a liang
* *Da Ji* (Euphorbia Lathyris Root), three fen, sliced and lightly stir-fried
* *Bing Lang* (Areca Seed), half a liang
* *Dang Gui* (Angelica Sinensis Root), half a liang
* *Gui Xin* (Cinnamon Twig Heart), half a liang, rough bark removed
* *Chi Fu Ling* (Red Poria), half a liang
Pulverize the above ingredients into a fine powder. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of small beans. At the beginning of the fifth watch (early morning), swallow thirty pills with a decoction of *Sang Gen Bai Pi* (Morus Alba Root Bark).
For treating edema, rebellious Qi with coughing and wheezing, and inability to sit or lie comfortably, this formula is suitable:
* *Tian Ting Li* (Descurainia Seed), one liang, stir-baked between papers until purple
* *Chen Ju Pi* (Dried Tangerine Peel), one liang, soaked in hot water, white pith removed, and baked
* *Gan Sui* (Kansui Root), half a liang, baked until slightly yellow
* *Qian Niu Zi* (Pharbitis Seed), one liang, lightly stir-fried
* *Yu Li Ren* (Prunus Seed), half a liang, soaked in hot water, peeled, and lightly stir-fried
Pulverize the above ingredients into a fine powder. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of sophora seeds. Take ten pills per dose, washed down with a decoction of adzuki beans or hemp seeds. Administer three times daily, aiming for unobstructed bowel and bladder movements.
Another prescription:
* *Hai Ge* (Clam Shell), one liang, finely ground
* *Tian Ting Li* (Descurainia Seed), one liang, stir-baked between papers until purple
* *Han Fang Ji* (Stephania Tetrandra Root), one liang
* *Xing Ren* (Apricot Seed), one liang, soaked in hot water, peeled, removed of twin kernels and tips, lightly stir-bran fried until slightly yellow
* *Gan Sui* (Kansui Root), one liang, baked until slightly yellow
* *Sang Gen Bai Pi* (Morus Alba Root Bark), one liang, sliced
Pulverize the above ingredients into a fine powder. Mix with jujube pulp and pound for three to two hundred strikes to form pills the size of sophora seeds. Before meals, swallow seven pills washed down with a hemp seed decoction.
**Zao Hai Pill (Sargassum Pill)** for treating water qi swelling and fullness, rebellious Qi with coughing and wheezing, and restlessness in sitting or lying down:
* *Zao Hai* (Sargassum), two and a half liang, washed to remove saltiness
* *Qian Niu Zi* (Pharbitis Seed), two and a half liang, lightly stir-fried
* *Gui Xin* (Cinnamon Twig Heart), one liang
* *Tian Ting Li* (Descurainia Seed), one liang, stir-baked between papers until purple
* *Niu Huang* (Calculus Bovis), half a liang, finely ground
* *Kun Bu* (Kelp), two and a half liang, washed to remove saltiness
* *Jiao Mu* (Zanthoxylum Seed), one liang, lightly stir-fried to remove moisture
Pulverize the above ingredients into a fine powder. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of sophora seeds. Take thirty pills at any time, washed down with porridge broth.