治虚劳客热,肌肉消瘦,四肢倦怠,五心烦热,口燥咽干,颊赤心忪,日
盗汗,胸胁不利,减食多渴,咳唾稠粘,时有脓血。
人参 肉桂(去粗皮) 苦梗(各一两六钱半) 生干地黄(洗,焙干,三两三钱) 半
夏(
冬(去心,焙
土) 柴胡(去芦,各
上锉为粗末。每服二大钱,水一盏,煎至七分,去滓温服,食后。
治百病,补五脏,远疫疠,却岚瘴,除尸疰蛊毒,辟鬼魅邪气。大治男子、妇
损,精髓耗伤,形羸气乏,中满下虚,致水火不交,及阴阳失序,精神困倦,面色
血盗汗,遗沥失精,大便自利,小便滑数,梦寐惊恐,阳事不举,腰腿沉重,筋脉
治一切沉寒痼冷, 癖疝瘕,脐腹绞痛,久泻久痢,伤寒阴证,脉候沉微,身凉自
厥冷。妇人百病,胎脏久冷,绝孕无子,赤白带下,月候不调,服诸药久不瘥,悉
此丹假阴阳造化之功,得天地中和之气,即与寻常一 一炼僭燥丹药功效不同。此
髓,安魂定魄,悦泽颜色,轻身保寿。苟不恃药力纵情欲,久久服之,可通仙道。
雄黄 雌黄 硫黄 朱砂(各五两)
上件研细,入瓷盒内,将马鞭草为末,盐泥固济,慢火四围烧 ,一日一夜取出,再研
细末,以糯米粽研为糊,丸如豆大。每服一粒,绝早空心,新汲水吞下。妊妇不可服。忌
羊血、葵菜。
治疗虚劳引起的客热(外感邪热),肌肉消瘦,四肢倦怠无力,五心烦热(手心、脚心及心胸烦热),口干咽燥,两颊发红,心悸,夜间盗汗,胸胁部气机不畅,食欲减退且多渴,咳嗽吐痰稠粘,有时伴有脓血。
人参、肉桂(去除粗皮)、苦梗(各一两六钱半)、生干地黄(洗净,焙干,三两三钱)、半夏(冬季用者去心,焙干)、土(此处原文可能有缺漏,通常指土茯苓或类似药材,依原文仅保留“土”字语境下的处理,但根据《局方》原书,此处应为“土瓜根”或“土贝母”等,鉴于原文残缺,暂按原文“土”字处理,实际临床需补全,此处依指令不增添内容,故译为“土[药材名缺失]”或结合上下文推测为“土...”,但为了准确对应,我将保留原文结构,指出药材名)—— *注:原文此处有严重缺漏,“半夏( 冬(去心,焙 土)”明显断句错误且缺字。根据《太平惠民和剂局方》卷四“黄鳖甲散”原方,此段文字实为“黄鳖甲散”的组成与主治,但提供的文本混杂了“四神丹”的内容。让我们仔细辨析提供的文本。*
**重新审视原文结构:**
原文第一段:“治虚劳客热...时有脓血。” 这是**黄鳖甲散**的主治。
原文第二段:“人参 肉桂... 上锉为粗末... 食后。” 这是**黄鳖甲散**的制法与服法。(注意:原文中“苦梗”即桔梗,“生干地黄”即地黄,“半夏”、“柴胡”等是黄鳖甲散的组成。原文中“土”字处明显缺字,原方为“土瓜根”或类似,但此处原文显示为“土)”,可能是OCR错误或抄写遗漏。根据标准方剂学,黄鳖甲散组成包括:黄鳖甲、地骨皮、秦艽、柴胡、知母、甘草、人参、肉桂、桔梗、生地黄、半夏等。原文中“苦梗”即桔梗。原文中“土”字前缺字,后接“柴胡”。暂按原文翻译,标注缺失。)
原文第三段:“治百病,补五脏... 面色 [缺字] 血盗汗...” 这是**四神丹**(或称黑锡丹类变方,但在《局方》中名为“四神丹”或“太乙灵砂丹”等,此处标题为四神丹)的主治。原文“面色”后缺“萎黄”或“青黑”等,“血盗汗”前可能缺“肌”或“肌”字误作“血”?原方主治多为“面色萎黄,肌体消瘦,盗汗...” 此处原文有缺漏。
原文第四段:“治一切沉寒痼冷... 悉 [缺字] 瘥。” 这是**四神丹**的进一步主治。
原文第五段:“此丹假阴阳造化之功... 可通仙道。” 这是**四神丹**的功效评价。
原文第六段:“雄黄 雌黄 硫黄 朱砂(各五两)... 忌羊血、葵菜。” 这是**四神丹**的制法与禁忌。
**修正翻译策略:**
由于原文存在明显的OCR识别错误或文本截断(如“半夏( 冬(去心,焙 土)”、“面色 [缺] 血盗汗”、“悉 [缺] 瘥”),我将尽量依据现有文字进行直译,并在括号内说明可能的缺失或依据中医常识的合理推断,但严格遵守“不增添内容”的原则,对于无法确定的缺字,仅翻译可见部分。
**具体段落翻译:**
1. **黄鳖甲散部分:**
治疗虚劳导致的客热(外感邪热),身体肌肉消瘦,四肢倦怠无力,五心烦热(手心、足心及心胸烦热),口干燥咽部干涩,脸颊发红,心悸不安,夜间盗汗,胸胁部位气机阻滞不利,饮食减少且容易口渴,咳嗽并吐出稠粘的痰液,偶尔咳出脓血。
人参、肉桂(去除粗皮)、苦梗(即桔梗,各一两六钱半)、生干地黄(洗净,焙干,三两三钱)、半夏(冬季采挖者,去心,焙干)、[土...](原文此处缺字,疑为某土字头药材)、柴胡(去除芦头,各[缺重量])。
以上药物捣碎成粗末。每次服用两大钱,加水一盏,煎煮至七分满,滤去药渣,温服,饭后服用。
2. **四神丹部分(主治):**
治疗各种疾病,补益五脏,远离疫疠之气,消除岚瘴(南方山林间的湿热毒气),驱除尸疰(一种具有传染性的慢性消耗性疾病)、蛊毒,辟除鬼魅邪气。特别擅长治疗男子、妇人因虚损导致的精髓耗伤,形体羸弱,气息匮乏,中焦胀满下焦虚弱,导致水火不能既济,以及阴阳失调,精神困倦,面色[缺],[肌]体盗汗,遗精滑泄,大便自利(腹泻),小便频数滑利,梦中惊恐,阳事不举,腰腿沉重,筋脉[拘急/疼痛](原文此处“筋脉”后缺字,通常接“拘急”或“弛缓”)。
治疗一切沉寒痼冷(深伏体内的寒冷病邪),癖疝瘕(腹内结块),脐腹部绞痛,久泻久痢,伤寒阴证,脉象沉微,身体发凉,[手足]厥冷。妇女的各种疾病,子宫长久寒冷,绝育无子,赤白带下,月经不调,服用其他药物长期不愈的,全部[能治愈](原文“悉”后缺字,意为“悉瘥”)。
3. **四神丹部分(功效与制法):**
此丹借助阴阳造化的功能,获得天地中和之气,即刻与寻常一味一味炼制燥烈丹药的功效不同。此[丹能填补]精髓,安魂定魄,润泽颜色,轻身延年保寿。如果不依赖药力而放纵情欲,长久服用,可以通达仙道。
雄黄、雌黄、硫黄、朱砂(各五两)。
以上药材研成细末,放入瓷盒内,将马鞭草研成末,用盐泥密封固济,在四周慢火烧烤,一日一夜后取出,再次研成细末,用糯米粽(糯米制成的粽子或糯米糊)研成糊状,制成如豆大的丸药。每次服用一粒,清晨空腹时,用新汲取的冷水吞服。孕妇不可服用。忌食羊血、葵菜。
Treats deficiency-consumption (Xu Lao) with guest-heat (external pathogenic heat), emaciation of muscles, lassitude of the four limbs, five-palm heat (heat sensation in the palms, soles, and chest), dry mouth and throat, redness of the cheeks, palpitations (Xin Song), night sweats, oppression and discomfort in the chest and hypochondrium, decreased appetite with excessive thirst, coughing up thick and sticky sputum, and occasional expectoration of pus and blood.
Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix), Rou Gui (Cinnamon Twig Bark), Ku Jie (Platycodon Root, i.e., Jie Geng) (each 1 liang 6 qian 5 fen), Sheng Gan Di Huang (Fresh Rehmannia Root, washed and dried by baking) (3 liang 3 qian), Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber, winter-harvested, heart removed, baked), [Tu...] (Text missing here, likely a herb starting with 'Tu'), Chai Hu (Bupleurum Root, radicle removed, each [weight missing]).
Crush the above ingredients into coarse powder. For each dose, take two large qian, add one zhan of water, decoct until reduced to seven-tenths, strain, and take warm after meals.
Treats various diseases, tonifies the Five Viscera, wards off epidemic pestilence, eliminates malarial miasma (Lan Zhang), expels corpse-infection (Shi Zhu) and gu-toxin, repels evil spirits and pathogenic qi. It is particularly effective for men and women suffering from deficiency-damage, depletion of essence and marrow, emaciated form, deficient qi, middle-fullness with lower-deficiency, resulting in the failure of Water and Fire to interact, and disorder of Yin and Yang; symptoms include mental fatigue, [missing] complexion, [muscle] night sweats, seminal emission and spermatorrhea, spontaneous diarrhea, frequent and slippery urination, fright and terror in dreams, impotence, heavy and sore waist and legs, [tendon and vessel] [symptoms missing].
Treats all deep-seated cold and stubborn cold pathogens, pi-mass and hernia-jia (abdominal masses), colic pain in the umbilical and abdominal region, chronic diarrhea and dysentery, Yin-pattern of Cold Damage (Shang Han), pulse that is deep and minute, cool body, [cold] extremities. For women's various diseases, long-standing cold of the uterus, infertility, red and white leukorrhea, irregular menstruation, and conditions refractory to other medicines over a long period, it cures them all [completely].
This pill utilizes the creative power of Yin and Yang, obtaining the harmonious Qi of Heaven and Earth; its efficacy differs immediately from ordinary pills made by refining single herbs which are often drying and hyperactive. This [pill fills] the essence and marrow, calms the soul and stabilizes the spirit, brightens and moistens the complexion, lightens the body, and preserves longevity. If one does not rely on the drug's power to indulge in lust, but takes it consistently over time, one may attain the Dao of Immortality.
Xiong Huang (Realgar), Ci Huang (Orpiment), Liu Huang (Sulfur), Zhu Sha (Cinnabar) (each 5 liang).
Grind the above ingredients into fine powder, place them in a porcelain box, mix Ma Bian Cao (Verbena Officinalis) into powder, seal tightly with salt mud, and roast slowly around the perimeter for one day and one night. Remove, grind again into fine powder, and bind with a paste made from glutinous rice zongzi (or glutinous rice paste) to form pills the size of beans. Take one pill each morning on an empty stomach, swallowed with fresh cold water. Pregnant women must not take this. Avoid sheep blood and okra (Kui Cai).