妊娠烦闷有四证，有心中烦，胸中烦，有子烦，诸属于热。若脏虚而气乘心，令人烦者，名虚烦。若
积痰饮，呕吐痰沫者，名胸中烦。或血积停饮，寒热相搏，致胎气不安，谓子烦。大抵多
由阴既养胎，孤阳独旺，心肺虚热，是以撩乱不宁。更有时当盛夏，君火大行，俱能乘肺，以致
烦躁、胎动不安者，皆因时而致之者也，亦当因时治之，生脉散最佳。
妊娠烦躁口干者，足太阴脾经其气通于口，手少阴心经其气
通于舌，若脏腑气虚，热乘心脾，津液胎燥，故心烦口燥，与子
烦大同小异，宜知母丸。若肝经火动，加味逍遥散；若肾经火动，加味地黄丸。
古有妇人暴渴，惟饮五味汁，名医耿隅诊其脉曰∶此血欲凝，非疾也。已而果孕，故古方有血欲凝而渴饮五味之证，
本属肺肾二经有火，盖火入于肺则烦，入于肾则躁，胎系于肾，肾水养其胎元，则不足以滋肾中之火，火上烁肺，变为
烦躁，此金亏水涸之候。法当滋其化源，清金保肺，重浊壮水，滋肾为主。
《本事方》云∶紫苏饮治妊娠胎气不和，坏胎逆上，胀满疼痛，名子悬。子悬者，浊气举胎上凑也。
胎热气逆，心胃胀满，此证挟气者居多。疏气舒郁、非紫苏、腹皮、川芎、陈皮无以流气；非
归、芍无以养血，气血既利而胎治降。然邪之所凑，其正必虚，故以人参、甘草补之。又曰∶有妊娠
心腹胀满者，由腹内素有寒气，致令停饮；与气相争，故令心腹胀满也，须以脉之迟数辨之。
妊娠期间出现烦闷症状主要有四种证型，包括心中烦、胸中烦、子烦（妊娠期烦躁），这些大多归属于热证。如果是因为脏腑虚弱，气机上逆侵犯心脏，导致人感到烦闷的，称为虚烦。如果是体内积聚了痰饮，伴有呕吐痰沫的，称为胸中烦。如果是血液瘀积且停聚水饮，寒热相互搏结，导致胎气不安的，称为子烦。大抵上多是由于阴血用来滋养胎儿，导致孤阳独自旺盛，心肺出现虚热，因此使人撩乱不宁。再加上正值盛夏时节，君火（心火）盛行，都能乘袭肺脏，以致引起烦躁、胎动不安的情况，这些都是因时令气候而导致的疾病，也应当根据时令特点进行治疗，使用生脉散效果最佳。
妊娠期间出现烦躁且口干的症状，足太阴脾经的气机通于口，手少阴心经的气机通于舌。如果脏腑之气虚弱，热邪乘袭心脾，导致津液枯竭、胎儿燥热，从而出现心烦和口燥，这与子烦大同小异，适宜使用知母丸。如果是肝经火动，使用加味逍遥散；如果是肾经火动，使用加味地黄丸。古代曾有妇人突然极度口渴，只喝五味子汁，名医耿隅诊断其脉搏说：“这是血欲凝滞之象，并非疾病。”后来果然怀孕，所以古方中有“血欲凝而渴饮五味”的记载。这原本属于肺肾二经有火，火入肺则烦，入肾则躁。胎元系于肾，肾水滋养胎元，则不足以制约肾中之火，火上灼烁肺金，变为烦躁，这是金亏水涸的征候。治法应当滋生化之源，清金保肺，重用厚重之品壮水，以滋肾为主。
《本事方》记载：紫苏饮治疗妊娠胎气不和，胎气逆上，导致胀满疼痛，称为子悬。子悬，是指浊气上举，使胎气上凑心胸。胎热气逆，导致心胃胀满，此证多兼夹气滞。疏理气机、舒展郁结，非用紫苏、腹皮、川芎、陈皮不能流通气机；非用当归、白芍不能养血，气血通畅后胎气自然下降安定。然而邪气所聚集之处，正气必然虚弱，所以用人参、甘草来补益正气。又说：有妊娠期间心腹胀满的，是由于腹内素有寒气，导致水饮停聚；水饮与气相争，所以导致心腹胀满，必须通过脉象的迟数来辨别。
There are four types of restlessness during pregnancy: restlessness in the heart, restlessness in the chest, and *Zi Fan* (pregnancy-related irritability/restlessness); these generally belong to heat syndromes. If the internal organs are deficient and Qi invades the Heart, causing irritability, it is named *Xu Fan* (deficiency-induced restlessness). If phlegm-fluids accumulate and there is vomiting of phlegm-saliva, it is named *Xiong Zhong Fan* (chest restlessness). If blood stasis and retained fluids interact with cold and heat, disturbing the fetal Qi, it is called *Zi Fan*. Generally, this arises because Yin blood nourishes the fetus, leaving Yang alone and excessive, resulting in deficiency-heat in the Heart and Lungs, causing agitation and unrest. Furthermore, during midsummer when Ministerial Fire (*Jun Huo*) prevails, it can invade the Lungs, leading to irritability and restless fetal movement; these are caused by seasonal factors and should be treated according to the season, with *Sheng Mai San* being the best choice.
In cases of pregnancy-related irritability and dry mouth, the Qi of the Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian connects to the mouth, and the Qi of the Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian connects to the tongue. If the Qi of the internal organs is deficient and Heat invades the Heart and Spleen, depleting body fluids and drying the fetus, it results in heart irritability and oral dryness. This is largely similar to *Zi Fan*, and *Zhi Mu Wan* is appropriate. If Liver Meridian fire moves, use *Jia Wei Xiao Yao San*; if Kidney Meridian fire moves, use *Jia Wei Di Huang Wan*. Ancient texts mention a woman who suddenly became extremely thirsty and only drank five-flavor berry juice; the famous physician Geng Yu diagnosed her pulse as indicating "blood about to congeal," not a disease. She subsequently became pregnant. Thus, ancient formulas record the syndrome of thirst due to blood about to congeal drinking five-flavor berries. This originally belongs to fire in the Lung and Kidney meridians. Fire entering the Lung causes irritability (*Fan*), while fire entering the Kidney causes restlessness (*Zao*). The fetus is anchored in the Kidney; Kidney water nourishes the fetal origin, thereby failing to control the fire within the Kidney. Fire scorches Lung Metal, transforming into irritability and restlessness, which is a sign of Lung metal deficiency and Kidney water depletion. The method should be to nourish the source of transformation, clear Metal and protect the Lung, and heavily use heavy/turbid substances to strengthen Water, focusing on nourishing the Kidney.
The *Ben Shi Fang* states: *Zi Su Yin* treats disharmony of fetal Qi during pregnancy, where fetal Qi rebels upward, causing distension, fullness, and pain, named *Zi Xuan* (fetal suspension). *Zi Xuan* refers to turbid Qi rising and pushing the fetus upward toward the chest. Fetal heat and rebellious Qi cause distension and fullness in the Heart and Stomach; this condition mostly involves Qi stagnation. To diffuse Qi and relieve depression, one cannot flow Qi without using Zi Su Ye (Perilla Leaf), Fu Pi (Areca Peel), Chuan Xiong (Szechwan Lovage Rhizome), and Chen Pi (Tangerine Peel); one cannot nourish Blood without using Dang Gui (Angelica Sinensis) and Bai Shao (White Peony Root). Once Qi and Blood are unobstructed, the fetal Qi descends and stabilizes. However, where pathogenic factors gather, Zheng Qi (Upright Qi) must be deficient; therefore, Ren Shen (Ginseng) and Gan Cao (Licorice Root) are used to tonify. It also states: Pregnancy-related cardiac and abdominal distension/fullness occurs because cold Qi has long existed in the abdomen, causing fluid retention; the conflict between fluid and Qi leads to cardiac and abdominal distension, which must be differentiated by the speed of the pulse (slow or rapid).