按《内经》∶时行暴热，天气亢和，燥火犯淫，邪风所侮，民病目赤。大要有三∶一曰
风助火郁于上。经云∶少阴司天之政。初之气，阳气布，风乃行，寒气时至，气郁于上而热。
目赤。经云∶少阳司天之政。二曰火胜，二之气，候乃大温，其病气拂于上，目赤。三曰
燥邪伤肝，三之气，岁金太过，燥气流行。经云∶阳明司天。燥气下临，肝气上从，胁痛
而目赤。虽其间病有不同，大要不出此三候也。
经云有二∶一谓目 白眼痛，一谓目珠黑眼痛。盖目 白眼疼属阳，故昼则痛甚，点苦
寒药则效，经所谓白眼赤脉法于阳故也。目珠黑眼痛属阴，故夜则痛甚，点苦寒药则反剧，
经所谓瞳子黑眼法于阴故也。凡目痛皆属于热之所致，烦燥者气随火升也。东垣云∶元气虚
损而热，轻手HT 之，热在皮毛血脉也，重手按之，筋骨热甚者，热在筋骨也，不轻不重而热
热在肌肉也。又云∶昼则发热，夜则安静，是阳气自热于阳分也，昼则安静，夜则发热烦
燥，是阳气下陷入阴中也，名曰热入血室。昼夜发热是重阳无阴也，亟泻其阳，峻补其阴也
天行赤热，时气流行，三焦浮燥，泪涩睛疼，或椒疮沙擦，或怕热羞明，或一目而传两
目，或七日而自清宁。
往往尔我相感，因虚被火熏蒸，虽曰浅病，亦弗为轻，倘犯禁戒，变症蜂生，要分虚实
须辨六经。
此症目赤痛，或睥肿头重，怕日羞明，泪涕交流等病，一家之内，一里之中，往往老幼
相传，然有虚实轻重不同，亦因人之虚实，时气之轻重若何，各随其所受，而分经络以发，
病有轻重，不可概言。此章专为天时流行，热邪感染，人或素有目疾，及痰火热病，水少元
虚者，尔我传染不一。若感染轻而本源清，邪不胜正者，七日自愈。盖火数七，故七日火气
尽而愈，七日不愈，而有二七者，乃再传也。二七不退者，必其触犯及本虚之故，须防变生
他症矣，宜服∶
驱风散热饮子
连翘 牛蒡子（炒，研） 羌活 苏薄荷 大黄（酒浸） 赤芍药 防风 当归尾 甘草（少
许） 山栀仁 川芎（各等分）
上锉剂。白水二钟，煎至一钟去滓，食远热服。少阳经，加柴胡；少阴经，加黄连。
桑白皮散 治肺气壅塞，热毒上攻眼目，白睛肿胀，日夜疼痛，心胸烦闷。
旋复花 枳壳 杏仁（去皮尖） 桑白皮 天花粉 玄参 甘草 甜葶苈 甘菊花 防风
黄芩（各等分）
上为末。每服四钱，水一钟半，生姜三片，煎至八分，去滓，食后温服。
泻热黄连汤（见卷二。按∶此手少阴、太阴、足阳明、少阳、少阴之药也。）
根据《黄帝内经》记载：当流行性暴热，天气亢盛调和，燥火之邪淫溢，被邪风所侵侮时，民众易患目赤病。其大要主要有三种情况：一是风助火势，郁结于上部。经文说：“少阴君火司天之时政令下。”在初之气阶段，阳气布散，风气盛行，寒气不时而至，气机郁结于上而发热，导致目赤。经文又说：“少阳相火司天之时政令下。”在二之气阶段，气候变得非常温暖，疾病表现为气机拂逆于上，出现目赤。三是燥邪损伤肝脏，在三之气阶段，岁运金气太过，燥气流行。经文说：“阳明燥金司天。”燥气下行临制，肝气上行顺应，导致胁痛且目赤。虽然其间病症有所不同，但大要不出这三种情况。
经文所述目痛有两种：一种是白睛（巩膜）疼痛，一种是黑睛（角膜及虹膜等内部结构）疼痛。大概白睛疼痛属于阳证，所以白天疼痛加剧，使用苦寒药物点眼则有效，这就是经文所说的“白眼赤脉法于阳”的缘故。黑睛疼痛属于阴证，所以夜间疼痛加剧，使用苦寒药物点眼反而加重，这就是经文所说的“瞳子黑眼法于阴”的缘故。凡是目痛都属于热邪所致，烦躁是因为气随火上升。李东垣说：元气虚损而生热，轻手触摸皮肤感觉热，说明热在皮毛血脉；重手按压感到筋骨深处热甚，说明热在筋骨；不轻不重按压感到肌肉层热，说明热在肌肉。他又说：白天发热，夜间安静，这是阳气独自热于阳分；白天安静，夜间发热烦躁，这是阳气下陷进入阴中，名叫热入血室。昼夜都发热，这是重阳无阴，急需泻其阳热，峻补其阴液。
天行赤眼热症，时气流行，三焦浮越干燥，泪液涩滞眼睛疼痛，或者生椒疮沙粒摩擦感，或者怕热羞明，或者一只眼传染到两只眼，或者七天自然清宁痊愈。
往往你我相互感染，因为体虚被火邪熏蒸，虽然说是浅表小病，也不可以轻视，倘若违反禁忌戒律，变症蜂拥而生，必须分辨虚实，须辨别六经。
这种症状表现为目赤痛，或者眼睑肿胀头重，怕日羞明，泪涕交流等疾病，一家之内，一里之中，往往老幼相传，然而有虚实轻重不同，也是依据人的虚实状况、时气的轻重如何，各自随着所感受的邪气，而分属经络发作，病情有轻重，不可以一概而论。这一章专门针对天时流行，热邪感染，或者人素有眼疾，以及痰火热病，水亏元虚者，你我传染情况不一。如果感染轻而本源清澈，邪不胜正，七天自愈。因为火数为七，所以七天火气尽而痊愈，若七天不愈，而有十四天的，乃是再次传变。十四天不退的，必定是触犯禁忌及本身体虚的缘故，须防止变生其他病症了，适宜服用：
驱风散热饮子
连翘 牛蒡子（炒，研碎） 羌活 苏薄荷 大黄（酒浸） 赤芍药 防风 当归尾 甘草（少许） 山栀仁 川芎（各等分）
以上切碎成剂。用白水两钟，煎至一钟，去渣滓，饭后稍远时间热服。若涉及少阳经，加柴胡；若涉及少阴经，加黄连。
桑白皮散 治疗肺气壅塞，热毒上攻眼目，白睛肿胀，日夜疼痛，心胸烦闷。
旋复花 枳壳 杏仁（去皮尖） 桑白皮 天花粉 玄参 甘草 甜葶苈 甘菊花 防风 黄芩（各等分）
以上研为末。每次服用四钱，用水一钟半，生姜三片，煎至八分，去渣滓，饭后温服。
泻热黄连汤（见卷二。按：此方包含手少阴、太阴、足阳明、少阳、少阴经的药物。）
According to the *Huangdi Neijing* (Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon): When epidemic violent heat occurs, and the weather is excessive and harmonious, dryness and fire pathogens invade excessively, and are insulted by evil winds, the people suffer from red eyes. The general principles involve three main aspects: First, wind assists fire, which becomes depressed in the upper body. The classic states: "When Shaoyin (Ministerial Fire) governs the heaven," during the first Qi phase, Yang Qi spreads, wind moves, cold qi arrives at times, Qi depresses in the upper part causing heat, leading to red eyes. It also states: "When Shaoyang (Ministerial Fire) governs the heaven," during the second Qi phase, the climate becomes very warm, the disease manifests as Qi rebelling in the upper part, causing red eyes. Third, dryness pathogen damages the Liver. During the third Qi phase, Metal Qi of the year is excessive, and dryness Qi prevails. The classic states: "When Yangming (Dryness Metal) governs the heaven." Dryness Qi descends to suppress, Liver Qi ascends to comply, resulting in hypochondriac pain and red eyes. Although the diseases vary in between, the general principle does not exceed these three patterns.
The classic mentions two types of eye pain: one is pain in the white part of the eye (Sclera), and the other is pain in the black part of the eye (Cornea/Iris). Generally, pain in the white part belongs to Yang, so it is worse during the day, and bitter-cold herbs applied topically are effective; this corresponds to the classic saying that "the red vessels in the white eye follow Yang." Pain in the black part belongs to Yin, so it is worse at night, and applying bitter-cold herbs makes it worse; this corresponds to the classic saying that "the pupil and black eye follow Yin." All eye pain is caused by Heat. Irritability occurs because Qi rises with Fire. Li Dongyuan said: When Yuan Qi (Original Qi) is deficient and generates heat, light touch reveals heat in the skin and hair vessels; heavy pressure revealing severe heat in sinews and bones indicates heat in the sinews and bones; moderate pressure revealing heat in muscles indicates heat in the muscles. He also stated: Fever during the day and quietness at night indicate Yang Qi heating itself in the Yang aspect; quietness during the day and fever/irritability at night indicate Yang Qi sinking into the Yin, named "Heat entering the Blood Chamber" (Re Ru Xue Shi). Fever both day and night indicates Extreme Yang without Yin, requiring urgent draining of Yang and vigorous tonification of Yin.
Epidemic red-hot eyes, where seasonal Qi circulates, cause floating dryness in the Sanjiao (Triple Burner), astringent tears, and eye pain, or formation of papillary conjunctivitis (Jiao Chuang) and sandpaper-like friction, photophobia, or transmission from one eye to both, or spontaneous resolution within seven days.
Often, infection spreads among individuals due to deficiency being steamed by Fire. Although considered a superficial disease, it should not be neglected. If taboos are violated, complications will arise like swarming insects. One must distinguish between Deficiency and Excess, and differentiate according to the Six Channels (Liu Jing).
This condition presents with red painful eyes, swollen eyelids, heavy head, photophobia, and flowing tears/nasal discharge. Within a family or neighborhood, it often spreads among old and young. However, there are differences in Deficiency/Excess and severity, depending on the individual's constitution and the intensity of the seasonal Qi. Each follows their specific pathogenic influence and meridian distribution. Disease severity varies and cannot be generalized. This chapter specifically addresses seasonal epidemics, Heat pathogen infection, pre-existing eye diseases, phlegm-fire-heat diseases, or constitutional Yin fluid deficiency and Original Qi weakness, where transmission varies. If the infection is mild and the root is clear, with Evil unable to overcome Righteous Qi, it heals in seven days. Since the number for Fire is seven, the Fire Qi exhausts after seven days. If not healed in seven days but persists for fourteen days (two sevens), it indicates secondary transmission. If it persists beyond fourteen days, it is likely due to violating taboos or underlying deficiency, requiring vigilance for other complications. Suitable prescription:
Qufeng Sanre Yin Zi (Wind-Dispersing Heat-Draining Decoction)
Forsythiae Fructum (Lianqiao) / Forsythia Fruit, Arisaematis Rhizoma Preparatum (Niuxiangzi - Stir-fried, ground), Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo), Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Su Bohe), Rheum Palmati Radix (Dahuang - Wine-soaked), Paeziae Radix Rubra (Chishao), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng), Angelicae Sinensis Radix Cauda (Danggui Wei), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao - small amount), Gardeniae Fructus (Shanzhiren), Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong) (Equal parts).
Cut into pieces. Decoct with two cups of plain water until one cup remains, remove dregs, and take hot after meals. For Shaoyang Channel involvement, add Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu); for Shaoyin Channel involvement, add Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian).
Sangbaipi San (Mulberry Bark Powder) treats Lung Qi obstruction, Heat-Toxin attacking the eyes, swelling of the sclera, pain day and night, and chest/heart irritability.
Inulae Flos (Xuanfu Hua), Aurantii Fructus (Zhiqiao), Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xingren - peeled and tip removed), Morus Albae Cortex (Sangbaipi), Trichosanthis Radix (Tianhuafen), Scrophulariae Radix (Xuanshen), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao), Lepidii Semen (Tiantili), Chrysanthemi Flos (Ganjuhua), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin) (Equal parts).
Grind into powder. Take four qian per dose, decoct with one and a half cups of water and three slices of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang) until eight fen remains, remove dregs, and take warm after meals.
Xiare Huanglian Tang (Heat-Draining Coptis Decoction) (See Volume 2. Note: This formula contains herbs corresponding to the Hand Shaoyin, Hand Taiyin, Foot Yangming, Foot Shaoyang, and Foot Shaoyin channels.)