总括 生下经旬目见红，盖因胎受热兼风；凉肝心药斯为妙，疝气痘疮宜别攻。
脉法 左手脉洪数，心火炎上也；关弦而洪，肝火盛也。
《内经》曰∶睹五脏六腑之精，荣卫魂魄之所常营也，神气之所常主也。
又曰∶诸脉皆属于目，目得血而能视。五脏六腑之精气，皆上注于目而为精。故黑睛属肝，白睛属肺，瞳仁属肾，
上下胞属脾，两 属心，而内 又属膀胱。五脏五色各有所司，若因邪气所并，则五脏之精皆失所司，不能归明于目
矣。
钱氏曰∶目内赤者，乃心家积热上攻，宜导赤散加赤茯苓主之；淡黄者，心虚热，生犀散主之；青者，肝热，泻青
丸主之；黄者，脾热，泻黄散主之。夫纯阳之子，始生旬月，忽两目俱红，炷烂涩痒成翳，此因在胎，为母感受风热，
传于心肝而得也，以导赤散加当归、防风、薄荷、荆芥、大黄。目无睛光，及白睛多、黑睛少者，肝肾俱不足也，用地
黄丸加鹿茸。昼视通明，夜视罔见者，因禀阳气衰弱，遇夜阴盛，则阳愈衰，故不能视也，用冲和养胃汤。
有热极夹风，则目赤肿痛，昼夜不开，惊啼不已，先用九仙散水姜葱煎服，外以黄连膏点之。若痘疮之后，眼生翳
障，昏涩流泪，或浮肿不开，此痘疮余毒攻肝也，用泻肝散或四物汤加防风、蔓荆、荆芥、柴胡、白芷之类。
若天行时症，暴赤肿痛，昼夜苦甚，久则昏朦，治法先以九仙散解表，次用小柴胡汤去半夏加大黄、薄荷、生地、
竹叶，并投草龙胆散。
血眼者，因久咳不已，以至眼目两眶紫黑，如被物伤损，眼白红赤如血，谓之血眼，治之当用生地及黑豆汁，研成
膏，
掩眼上，而眼眶黑自消，其血皆自眼泪而出，真良方也。
河间曰∶在腑则为表，当除风散热；在脏则为里，当养血安神。如暴失明，昏涩翳膜眵泪，斑入眼，皆风热也，此
肝气盛、而发在表也，当散而去之。若昏弱不欲视物，内障见黑花，瞳子散大在里也，血少神劳，肾虚也，宜养血补水
安神以调之。
〔附方〕
导赤散 一见惊风症内，一见五淋症内。
生犀散 生犀 柴胡 干葛 赤芍 地骨皮 甘草
泻青丸 见惊风症内。
泻黄散 见热症内。
冲和养胃汤 柴胡 人参 当归 升麻 干姜 干葛 白术 甘草 羌活（各一两） 防风（五钱） 五味（一
钱） 黄 （一两五钱） 茯苓（二钱） 白芍（六钱）
九仙散 柴胡 苍术 赤芍 荆芥 麻黄 川芎 薄荷 旋复花 甘草
黄连膏 用川连二钱五分，鸡子一枚，箸头扎一孔，取瓦盏盛之，入黄连和匀， 一时，见黄色，以绢滤过成
膏，患者仰卧，令人挑一匙许，频点目内，觉口中苦满舌上，是药之验也。痘疮余毒攻眼，眼眵多热俱妙。
泻肝散 当归 川芎 芍药 防风 蒺藜 甘菊 木贼草 荆芥 黄连 蔓荆子 甘草
四物汤 见痢疾症内。
小柴胡汤 见诸吐症内。
草龙胆散 胆草 甘菊 草决明 荆芥 防风 木贼草 甘草
总括：婴儿出生后十天左右眼睛发红，这是因为胎儿时期受热并兼受风邪所致；使用清肝、清心的药物最为巧妙，但如果是疝气或痘疮引起的眼病，则应当分别采用不同的攻治方法。
脉法：左手脉象洪大且数，说明心火炎上；关部脉象弦而洪大，说明肝火旺盛。
《黄帝内经》说：眼睛是五脏六腑精气的汇聚之处，也是营卫之气、魂魄经常滋养的地方，神气经常主宰的地方。
又说：所有的经脉都联系于眼睛，眼睛得到血液的滋养才能看见。五脏六腑的精气，都向上灌注到眼睛而形成视觉。所以黑睛（角膜）属于肝，白睛（巩膜）属于肺，瞳仁（瞳孔）属于肾，上下眼睑属于脾，两眦（眼角）属于心，而内眦又属于膀胱。五脏对应的五色各有其主管的功能，如果因为邪气侵扰，那么五脏的精气都会失去其主管功能，不能使目光清明了。
钱乙（钱氏）说：眼睛内部发红，是心家积热向上攻冲所致，宜用导赤散加赤茯苓为主治疗；颜色淡黄的，是心虚热，宜用生犀散为主治疗；颜色发青的，是肝热，宜用泻青丸为主治疗；颜色发黄的是脾热，宜用泻黄散为主治疗。凡是纯阳体质的婴儿，刚出生不久，忽然双眼都红，像被烟熏灼一样涩痒并形成翳障，这是因为在母胎中，母亲感受了风热之邪，传变于心肝而导致的，用导赤散加当归、防风、薄荷、荆芥、大黄。如果眼睛没有神采光泽，以及白睛多、黑睛少的情况，是肝肾都不足的表现，用地黄丸加鹿茸。白天视力清晰，晚上看不见东西的，是因为禀赋阳气衰弱，遇到夜晚阴气盛时，阳气更加衰弱，所以不能视物，用冲和养胃汤。
如果有热极夹带风邪，则眼睛红肿疼痛，昼夜无法睁开，惊叫啼哭不止，先用九仙散用水、生姜、葱白煎服，外用黄连膏点眼。如果在痘疮痊愈后，眼睛生出翳障，昏涩流泪，或者浮肿无法睁开，这是痘疮余毒攻冲肝脏所致，用泻肝散或四物汤加防风、蔓荆子、荆芥、柴胡、白芷之类的药物。
如果是天行时疫病症，突然眼睛红肿疼痛，昼夜痛苦严重，时间久了则视力模糊昏暗，治疗方法先用九仙散解表，接着用小柴胡汤去掉半夏，加大黄、薄荷、生地、竹叶，并同时服用草龙胆散。
所谓“血眼”，是因为久咳不停，导致两眼眼眶紫黑，如同被物体击伤损坏，眼白红赤如血，称为血眼，治疗时应当用生地黄及黑豆汁，研磨成膏，敷盖在眼睛上，眼眶的黑斑自然消退，瘀血都会随着眼泪排出，这是真正的良方。
刘河间（河间）说：病在腑则为表证，应当祛除风邪、散发热邪；病在脏则为里证，应当养血安神。比如突然失明，昏涩有翳膜、眼屎流泪，斑点进入眼中，都是风热所致，这是肝气旺盛而发病在表，应当疏散去除它。如果昏弱不想看东西，内障出现黑花，瞳孔散大且在体内，这是血少神劳、肾虚的表现，宜用养血补水、安神的方法来调理。
〔附方〕
导赤散 参见惊风症章节，参见五淋症章节。
生犀散 生犀角 柴胡 干葛根 赤芍药 地骨皮 甘草
泻青丸 参见惊风症章节。
泻黄散 参见热症章节。
冲和养胃汤 柴胡 人参 当归 升麻 干姜 干葛根 白术 甘草 羌活（各一两） 防风（五钱） 五味子（一钱） 黄芪（一两五钱） 茯苓（二钱） 白芍（六钱）
九仙散 柴胡 苍术 赤芍药 荆芥 麻黄 川芎 薄荷 旋覆花 甘草
黄连膏 用川黄连二钱五分，鸡蛋一枚，用筷子头扎一个孔，取瓦盏盛放鸡蛋，放入黄连拌匀，蒸一时辰，见到黄色，用绢布过滤成为膏状，患者仰卧，让人挑取约一匙，频繁点入眼中，感觉口中苦满舌上，是药效的验证。痘疮余毒攻眼，眼屎多且热者均适宜。
泻肝散 当归 川芎 芍药 防风 蒺藜 甘菊花 木贼草 荆芥 黄连 蔓荆子 甘草
四物汤 参见痢疾症章节。
小柴胡汤 参见诸吐症章节。
草龙胆散 龙胆草 甘菊花 草决明 荆芥 防风 木贼草 甘草
General Overview: Redness of the eyes appearing about ten days after birth is due to heat accumulation and wind pathogen exposure during the fetal stage; using herbs that cool the Liver and Heart is optimal, but for eye conditions caused by hernia or smallpox, distinct therapeutic approaches are required.
Pulse Diagnosis: A surging and rapid pulse on the left hand indicates flaming Heart Fire (Xin Huo). A wiry and surging pulse at the Guan position indicates excessive Liver Fire (Gan Huo).
The *Neijing* states: The eyes are the gathering place of the essence of the Five Zang and Six Fu organs, the constant nourishment of Ying and Wei Qi, Hun and Po, and the domain where Shen Qi (Spiritual Energy) presides.
It also states: All meridians connect to the eyes; the eyes can see only when nourished by blood. The essence of the Five Zang and Six Fu organs all ascend to the eyes to form vision. Thus, the cornea (Hei Jing) belongs to the Liver, the sclera (Bai Jing) belongs to the Lung, the pupil (Tong Ren) belongs to the Kidney, the upper and lower eyelids belong to the Spleen, the two canthi (eye corners) belong to the Heart, and the inner canthus belongs to the Bladder. Each of the Five Zang organs governs a specific color. If invaded by pathogenic factors, the essence of the Five Zang organs loses its governance, resulting in blurred vision.
Qian Yi (Qian Shi) stated: Redness inside the eyes is caused by accumulated Heat attacking upward from the Heart; Dao Chi San (Cognac Decoction) with added Fu Ling (Poria) is indicated. Pale yellow discoloration indicates deficient Heat in the Heart; Sheng Xi San (Rhino Horn Decoction) is indicated. Greenish hue indicates Liver Heat; Xie Qing Wan (Drain the Green Pill) is indicated. Yellow hue indicates Spleen Heat; Xie Huang San (Drain the Yellow Powder) is indicated. Infants, being of pure Yang constitution, who suddenly develop redness in both eyes shortly after birth, accompanied by irritation, itching, and opacity formation, have contracted this condition because their mother was exposed to Wind-Heat during pregnancy, which transmitted to the Heart and Liver. This is treated with Dao Chi San (Cognac Decoction) plus Dang Gui (Angelica Sinensis), Fang Feng (Saposhnikovia Root), Bo He (Mint), Jing Jie (Schizonepeta), and Da Huang (Rhubarb). Lack of luster in the eyes, or an excess of sclera relative to the cornea, indicates insufficiency of both Liver and Kidney; Di Huang Wan (Rehmannia Pill) with Lu Rong (Deer Antler) is used. Clear vision during the day but blindness at night results from weak congenital Yang qi; when Yin qi dominates at night, Yang becomes even weaker, impairing vision. Chong He Yang Wei Tang (Harmonizing and Stomach-Nourishing Decoction) is indicated.
If extreme Heat combines with Wind, causing severe redness, swelling, and pain preventing eye opening day and night, accompanied by fright and crying, Jiu Xian San (Nine Immortals Powder) decocted with water, fresh ginger, and scallion should be administered first, followed by external application of Huang Lian Gao (Coptis Ointment). After smallpox, if opacities form, causing blurriness, tearing, or edema preventing opening, this is residual toxin from smallpox attacking the Liver. Xie Gan San (Drain the Liver Powder) or Si Wu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) plus Fang Feng (Saposhnikovia Root), Man Jing Zi (Vernonia Fruit), Jing Jie (Schizonepeta), Chai Hu (Bupleurum), and Bai Zhi (Angelica Dahurica) are indicated.
In epidemic diseases, sudden severe redness, swelling, and pain worsening day and night, leading to long-term visual impairment, should first be treated with Jiu Xian San (Nine Immortals Powder) to release the exterior, followed by Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) minus Ban Xia (Pinellia), plus Da Huang (Rhubarb), Bo He (Mint), Sheng Di Huang (Rehmannia Root), and Zhu Ye (Bamboo Leaf), along with Cao Long Dan San (Gentian Powder).
"Blood Eye" refers to a condition caused by chronic coughing, leading to purple-black discoloration of the eye sockets as if bruised, and blood-red whiteness of the eyes. It is treated by applying a paste made from Sheng Di Huang (Rehmannia Root) and Hei Dou (Black Soybean) juice over the eyes; the dark circles will fade, and blood will drain through tears. This is a true excellent prescription.
Liu Wansu (He Jian) stated: Pathology in the Fu organs is exterior; treat by dispelling Wind and clearing Heat. Pathology in the Zang organs is interior; treat by nourishing Blood and calming the Spirit. Sudden blindness, blurriness, opacities, discharge, and spots in the eyes are due to Wind-Heat, indicating excessive Liver Qi manifesting in the exterior; disperse and eliminate it. Dim vision, aversion to looking, internal opacities with floating black spots, and dilated pupils indicate interior pathology due to Blood deficiency, mental fatigue, and Kidney deficiency. Treat by nourishing Blood, tonifying Water (Kidney Yin), and calming the Spirit.
[Attached Formulas]
Dao Chi San (Cognac Decoction): See under Convulsion Syndrome; see under Five Strangury Syndromes.
Sheng Xi San (Rhino Horn Decoction): Sheng Xi Jiao (Unsharpened Rhino Horn), Chai Hu (Bupleurum), Gan Ge (Kudzu Root), Chi Shao (Red Peony Root), Di Gu Pi (Lycium Bark), Gan Cao (Licorice).
Xie Qing Wan (Drain the Green Pill): See under Convulsion Syndrome.
Xie Huang San (Drain the Yellow Powder): See under Heat Syndrome.
Chong He Yang Wei Tang (Harmonizing and Stomach-Nourishing Decoction): Chai Hu (Bupleurum), Ren Shen (Ginseng), Dang Gui (Angelica Sinensis), Sheng Ma (Cimicifuga), Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger), Gan Ge (Kudzu Root), Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala), Gan Cao (Licorice), Qiang Huo (Notopterygium Root) (each 1 liang), Fang Feng (Saposhnikovia Root) (5 qian), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Berry) (1 qian), Huang Qi (Astragalus Root) (1.5 liang), Fu Ling (Poria) (2 qian), Bai Shao (White Peony Root) (6 qian).
Jiu Xian San (Nine Immortals Powder): Chai Hu (Bupleurum), Cang Zhu (Atractylodes Lancea), Chi Shao (Red Peony Root), Jing Jie (Schizonepeta), Ma Huang (Ephedra), Chuan Xiong (Ligusticum), Bo He (Mint), Xuan Fu Hua (Inula Flower), Gan Cao (Licorice).
Huang Lian Gao (Coptis Ointment): Use Chuan Lian (Coptis Rhizome) 2.5 qian. Take one chicken egg, pierce a hole with a chopstick tip, place in a clay cup, mix with Coptis, steam for one shichen (two hours). When yellow, filter through silk to make ointment. Patient lies supine; apply a spoonful frequently into the eyes. A bitter sensation in the mouth and on the tongue indicates efficacy. Excellent for smallpox residual toxin attacking the eyes with abundant hot discharge.
Xie Gan San (Drain the Liver Powder): Dang Gui (Angelica Sinensis), Chuan Xiong (Ligusticum), Shao Yao (Peony), Fang Feng (Saposhnikovia), Ji Li (Tribulus), Gan Ju (Chrysanthemum), Mu Zei Cao (Equisetum), Jing Jie (Schizonepeta), Huang Lian (Coptis), Man Jing Zi (Vernonia Fruit), Gan Cao (Licorice).
Si Wu Tang (Four Substances Decoction): See under Dysentery Syndrome.
Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction): See under Vomiting Syndromes.
Cao Long Dan San (Gentian Powder): Dan Cao (Gentian Root), Gan Ju (Chrysanthemum), Cao Jue Ming (Cassia Seed), Jing Jie (Schizonepeta), Fang Feng (Saposhnikovia), Mu Zei Cao (Equisetum), Gan Cao (Licorice).