总括
腹胀之病，脾胃二经主之，有虚有实，宜分晰焉。若脾虚，因久病，内伤其脾；胃实者，多由饮食滞停于胃。如补
虚，则宜健脾，而兼理气；攻食则宜消导，自然宁矣。
虚胀
凡小儿久病脾虚，失其健运，或因吐泻，暴伤脾气，所以饮食不化，食少腹即胀满，精神倦怠，面黄肌瘦，宜用香
朴四君子汤医之。
实胀
小儿饮食过度，内伤胃气，则胃中停滞，以致腹胀，大便不通，身体潮热，心烦口渴，形气壮实。轻者加味平胃散
主之，重者小承气汤施治再灵也。
总括
小儿身体发热，有表里虚实之异。治亦有汗、下、补、泻之殊，宜分别焉。须当观形察色，辨其因由，审证切脉，
临证无遗缺也。
表热
小儿表热之证，因外感寒邪，脉浮发热，恶风恶寒，头疼身痛，而无汗出，此表热也。宜十神汤主之，兼内热者，
用双解通圣散为先。
里热
小儿里热之证，因肥甘过度，必生内热，以致遍身蒸蒸发热，小便涩红，面赤唇焦，舌燥而渴，脉实有力者，失以
调胃承气汤下之；不愈用白虎汤，或黄连解毒汤清之。
虚热
虚热者，因小儿病后，营卫虚弱，气血未调之故。其证神倦气乏，宜用补中益气汤治之。若口渴引饮而呕，用竹叶
石膏汤治之。又有阴盛格阳，外浮发热者，其面色虽赤，而尿清白，四肢厥冷，宜用白通汤收敛阳气，热退自愈。
实热
小儿实热者，乃有余积热，以致午后潮热，蒸蒸有汗，肚腹胀满，尿红大便难，烦渴啼叫，口舌生疮，腮颊红赤，
脉洪数有力。法宜清热通利，时时热者，用凉膈散主之。午后潮热者，大柴胡汤主之，其效通仙也。
总括
腹胀这一病症，主要由脾经和胃经主管，病情有虚证和实证之分，应当仔细分辨。如果是脾虚，往往是因为久病导致脾胃内伤；胃实的情况，多由饮食停滞在胃中引起。对于虚证，治疗宜健脾，并兼顾调理气机；对于实证（食积），治疗宜消食导滞，这样自然就能安宁痊愈。
虚胀
凡是小儿因久病导致脾虚，失去正常的运化功能，或者因为呕吐腹泻，突然损伤脾气，导致饮食无法消化，吃得少腹部就胀满，精神疲倦乏力，面色萎黄，身体消瘦，适宜使用香朴四君子汤来治疗。
实胀
小儿饮食过量，内伤胃气，导致胃中食物停滞，从而引起腹胀，大便不通畅，身体出现定时发热（潮热），心烦口渴，形体气息壮实。病情较轻的，以加味平胃散为主治方剂；病情较重的，用小承气汤治疗更为灵验。
总括
小儿身体发热，有表证、里证、虚证、实证的区别。治疗方法也有发汗、攻下、补益、泻实等不同，应当分别对待。必须观察形态神色，辨别病因，审察症状并切脉，临证时才不会有所遗漏。
表热
小儿表热证，是由于外感寒邪所致，表现为脉浮、发热、怕风怕冷、头痛身痛，且没有汗出，这就是表热。适宜用十神汤主治，如果兼有内热，先用双解通圣散治疗。
里热
小儿里热证，是由于过食肥甘厚味，必然产生内热，导致全身蒸蒸发热，小便短赤涩痛，面红唇焦，舌燥口渴，脉象实而有力者，应用调胃承气汤攻下；如果未愈，再用白虎汤或黄连解毒汤清热。
虚热
虚热证，是因为小儿病后，营卫之气虚弱，气血尚未调和的缘故。其症状为精神疲倦、气力不足，适宜用补中益气汤治疗。如果出现口渴想喝水且伴有呕吐，用竹叶石膏汤治疗。还有因阴寒内盛格拒阳气于外，导致阳气外浮而发热的，虽然面色发红，但小便清白，四肢厥冷，适宜用白通汤收敛浮阳，待热退后自然痊愈。
实热
小儿实热证，是由于体内有余积之热，导致午后定时发热（潮热），蒸蒸出汗，肚腹胀满，小便红赤，大便困难，烦躁口渴啼哭，口舌生疮，腮颊红赤，脉象洪大数急而有力。治法宜清热通利。时时发热的，用凉膈散主治；午后潮热的，用大柴胡汤主治，效果神奇。
General Overview
Abdominal distension is primarily governed by the Spleen and Stomach meridians. It presents as either deficiency or excess patterns, which must be distinguished carefully. In cases of Spleen deficiency, it often results from prolonged illness causing internal injury to the Spleen; in cases of Stomach excess, it is mostly due to food stagnation retained in the Stomach. For deficiency, treatment should focus on fortifying the Spleen while regulating Qi; for excess (food stagnation), treatment should focus on digesting food and promoting drainage, thereby restoring harmony naturally.
Deficiency Distension
When a child suffers from prolonged illness leading to Spleen deficiency and loss of normal transportation and transformation functions, or when vomiting and diarrhea suddenly injure the Spleen Qi, digestion fails. This manifests as poor appetite with abdominal fullness even after small amounts of food, mental fatigue, sallow complexion, and emaciation. Xiangpo Sijunzi Tang (Fragrant Magnolia Bark and Four Gentlemen Decoction) is indicated.
Excess Distension
Overeating in children damages Stomach Qi internally, causing food stagnation in the Stomach. This leads to abdominal distension, constipation, tidal fever (periodic fever), irritability, thirst, and robust physical constitution. For mild cases, Jiawei Pingwei San (Modified Powder for Calming the Stomach) is the primary formula; for severe cases, Xiaochengqi Tang (Minor Order the Yellow Decoction) is more effective.
General Overview
Pediatric fever varies by exterior/interior and deficiency/excess patterns. Treatments differ by sweating, purging, tonifying, and draining methods, requiring careful differentiation. One must observe the patient's form and complexion, identify the etiology, examine symptoms, and palpate the pulse to ensure no clinical details are overlooked.
Exterior Heat
The Exterior Heat pattern in children arises from external contraction of Cold pathogenic factors. Symptoms include floating pulse, fever, aversion to wind and cold, headache, body ache, and absence of sweating. Shishen Tang (Ten Deities Decoction) is indicated. If accompanied by interior heat, Shuangjie Tongsheng San (Double-Resolving Universal Harmony Powder) should be used first.
Interior Heat
The Interior Heat pattern results from excessive consumption of rich and sweet foods, generating internal heat. Symptoms include generalized steaming fever, scanty dark red urine, flushed face, cracked lips, dry tongue with thirst, and a forceful, excess pulse. Tiaowei Chengqi Tang (Regulate the Stomach Order the Yellow Decoction) should be administered to purge; if ineffective, Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) or Huanglian Jiedu Tang (Coptis Detoxification Decoction) may be used to clear heat.
Deficiency Heat
Deficiency Heat occurs post-illness in children due to weakness of Ying (Nutritive) and Wei (Defensive) Qi and unharmonized Blood and Qi. Symptoms include mental fatigue and lack of energy, treated with Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction). If accompanied by thirst with desire to drink and vomiting, Zhuye Shigao Tang (Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction) is indicated. Additionally, in cases where Yin excess repels Yang, causing Yang to float externally and manifest as fever, the face may appear red, but urine will be clear and cold, and limbs cold. Bainong Tang (Bai Tong Decoction) is used to consolidate floating Yang; the fever subsides spontaneously thereafter.
Excess Heat
Excess Heat in children stems from accumulated residual heat, causing tidal fever (afternoon fever), profuse sweating, abdominal distension, red urine, difficult defecation, irritability, thirst, crying, mouth and tongue ulcers, flushed cheeks, and a surging, rapid, and forceful pulse. The method involves clearing heat and promoting free flow. For constant fever, Liangge San (Cool the Diaphragm Powder) is indicated; for afternoon tidal fever, Dachaihu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) is used, yielding miraculous results.