巢氏云∶春夏以汤与儿,肠胃脆弱,不胜药势,遂吐下不止,药熏脏腑,烦懊顿乏,为中毒瓦斯吐下。
千金藿香汤 治毒瓦斯吐下腹胀,逆害乳哺。
藿香(一两) 生姜(三两) 青竹茹 甘草(炙。各半两) 热,加升麻半两。
上 咀。水二升,煮八合,服一合,日二。
〔王氏〕消奶毒,令儿吃乳,无毒有毒亦解。
升麻(半两) 大麻子(破,一合)
上二味酒浸,每日早晨与奶子一盏吃了,要乳时须先捏去些小,方与儿吃。
〔张涣〕三香丹 治挟惊呕吐不止。
藿香叶 丁香(各一两) 半夏(汤洗、七遍,焙干,半两。三味为末,吹入) 腻粉(一分) 龙脑
麝香(当门子,各一钱,并研)
上件,同拌匀。生姜取汁打白面糊为丸,黍米大。每服十粒,人参薄荷汤下。量儿大小加减。
殊圣归命丹 歌曰∶小儿惊膈吐还频,昼夜连连不暂停,渌水槐黄泔淀汁,和虫乳食一时喷,丁香研
共生犀服,五胆牛黄立有勋,若有得逢如此药,直饶命困却还魂。
丁香 藿香(各一分) 生犀末 牛黄(各半钱) 猪鲫狗 熊胆(等分,共半两,多些无妨)
上为末,丸如绿豆大。量儿大小加减。一岁以下煎苦楝汤研二丸。
治惊食胃管不快,吐逆乳食,或心胸发热。定吐丸
丁香(二十一枚,为末) 蝎梢(四十九条) 半夏(三个,洗,焙干,为末)
上研匀。煮枣肉丸,如黍米大。每服七丸至十丸,金银煎汤吞下。如伤暑霍乱吐泻,煎香薷散送下。
《良方》治久患翻胃,及小儿惊吐诸吐。田季散
上好硫黄半两,水银一分,研如黑煤色,每服三钱,生姜四两取汁、酒一盏、同姜汁煎熟调药,空心服。
衣被盖覆,当自足指间汗出,迤逦遍身,汗彻即瘥,此散极浮难调,须先滴少水,以指缓缓研杀,稍稍增汤,
使令调和,否则浮泛不可服。
王氏睡惊丸 治热化痰,镇心神,治惊悸吐逆。
半夏(姜制) 乳香 犀角(末。各一钱)
上件同为末。用生姜自然汁煮面糊为丸,如绿豆大。薄荷汤临卧服。
〔丹〕万安膏 调脾顺气定惊脾胃不足吐乳,黄胆,治小儿一切等疾。
木香 檀香 辰砂(各三钱) 沉香(二钱) 香附 黄 使君子(各一两) 槟榔 肉豆蔻
人参 天竺黄(各半两) 白术 薄荷 甘草(各二两) 琥珀 真珠 青黛 犀角(各二钱半
)麝香(五分)
上,为末,炼蜜丸。临卧服,薄荷汁或蜜水、米饮化下。
全蝎观音散 治吐泻,截风定志,庶免传变慢惊。
黄 (炙) 人参(各二钱半) 木香 炙甘草 莲肉 扁豆(炒) 茯苓 白芷 全蝎 羌
活防风 天麻(各二钱)
上,每服三五钱,姜枣煎服。
巢元方说:在春夏季节给婴儿服用汤药,由于婴儿肠胃脆弱,无法承受药力,导致呕吐和腹泻不止。药物熏蒸脏腑,引起烦躁懊恼、精神疲倦乏力,这被称为中毒瓦斯吐下(因误服毒物或药性过猛引起的剧烈吐泻)。
千金藿香汤:治疗因毒瓦斯引起的呕吐腹泻、腹部胀满,以及妨碍吃奶的症状。
药材组成:藿香(一两)、生姜(三两)、青竹茹、甘草(炙过的,各半两)。如果发热,加升麻半两。
制法与用法:将上述药材切碎。用水二升,煮取八合药液,每次服用一合,每日两次。
〔王氏〕消奶毒:让婴儿继续吃奶,无论是有毒还是无毒的乳汁都能化解。
药材组成:升麻(半两)、大麻子(破开,一合)。
制法与用法:将这两味药浸泡在酒中,每天早晨给喂奶的母亲喝一盏,等到需要喂奶时,必须先挤掉少许初乳,然后再给婴儿吃。
〔张涣〕三香丹:治疗因受惊引起的持续呕吐。
药材组成:藿香叶、丁香(各一两)、半夏(用热水清洗七遍,焙干,半两。这三味药研成细末,吹入鼻腔)、腻粉(一分)、龙脑、麝香(当门子,各一钱,并研磨)。
制法与用法:将上述药材混合拌匀。用生姜汁调和白面糊制成丸剂,大小如黍米。每次服用十粒,用人参薄荷汤送服。根据婴儿年龄大小增减剂量。
殊圣归命丹:歌诀说:“小儿惊膈呕吐频繁,昼夜连续不停止,吐出绿水、槐黄、泔淀汁,连同虫子和未消化的乳食一起喷出,服用丁香研末配生犀角,加上五胆牛黄立即见效,如果遇到这种药,即使生命垂危也能还魂。”
药材组成:丁香、藿香(各一分)、生犀角末、牛黄(各半钱)、猪胆汁、鲫鱼胆汁、狗胆汁、熊胆(等分,共半两,多一点没关系)。
制法与用法:将上述药材研成细末,制成如绿豆大小的丸剂。根据婴儿年龄大小增减剂量。一岁以下婴儿用苦楝汤煎煮后化开两丸服用。
定吐丸:治疗因惊吓、饮食停滞导致胃气不畅,呕吐乳食,或者心胸发热。
药材组成:丁香(二十一枚,研成末)、蝎梢(四十九条)、半夏(三个,洗净,焙干,研成末)。
制法与用法:将上述药材研磨均匀。用煮枣肉制成丸剂,大小如黍米。每次服用七至十丸,用金银煎汤吞服。如果是伤暑霍乱引起的吐泻,用香薷散煎汤送服。
《良方》田季散:治疗长期患翻胃(反胃),以及小儿惊吐等各种呕吐。
药材组成:上好硫黄半两,水银一分,研磨成黑煤色。每次服用三钱,用生姜四两取汁、酒一盏,同姜汁一起煎熟调匀药粉,空腹服用。
注意事项:用衣被覆盖身体,应当自然从脚趾间出汗,逐渐蔓延至全身,汗出透彻即痊愈。此散药性极浮难调,必须先滴少量水,用手指缓缓研磨使其沉降,再逐渐增加汤汁,使其调和,否则漂浮不可服用。
王氏睡惊丸:治疗热邪化痰,镇安心神,治疗惊悸呕吐。
药材组成:半夏(姜制)、乳香、犀角(末,各一钱)。
制法与用法:将上述药材共同研成细末。用生姜自然汁煮面糊制成丸剂,大小如绿豆。临睡前用薄荷汤送服。
〔朱丹溪〕万安膏:调理脾胃,顺气定惊,治疗脾胃不足引起的吐乳、黄疸,以及小儿一切等疾病。
药材组成:木香、檀香、辰砂(各三钱)、沉香(二钱)、香附、黄芪、使君子(各一两)、槟榔、肉豆蔻、人参、天竺黄(各半两)、白术、薄荷、甘草(各二两)、琥珀、真珠、青黛、犀角(各二钱半)、麝香(五分)。
制法与用法:将上述药材研成细末,炼蜜为丸。临睡前服用,用薄荷汁、蜜水或米饮化开送服。
全蝎观音散:治疗吐泻,截断风邪,安定志意,以免传变为慢惊风。
药材组成:黄芪(炙过的)、人参(各二钱半)、木香、炙甘草、莲肉、扁豆(炒过的)、茯苓、白芷、全蝎、羌活、防风、天麻(各二钱)。
制法与用法:每服用三至五钱,用生姜和大枣煎汤服用。
Chao Yuanfang stated: In spring and summer, when decoctions are administered to infants, their delicate intestines and stomachs cannot withstand the potency of the medicine, resulting in incessant vomiting and diarrhea. The medicinal fumes irritate the zang-fu organs, causing restlessness, mental agitation, and exhaustion; this is termed "poisonous qi vomiting and diarrhea" (severe vomiting and diarrhea caused by ingesting toxic substances or excessively potent drugs).
Qianjin Huoxiang Tang: Treats vomiting and diarrhea due to poisonous qi, abdominal distension, and interference with suckling.
Ingredients: Huoxiang (Agastache Herba) (1 liang), Shengjiang (Fresh Zingiberis Rhizoma) (3 liang), Qingzhuru (Green Bamboo Sap), Gancao (Licorice Root, processed with honey) (each 0.5 liang). If fever is present, add Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) 0.5 liang.
Preparation and Administration: Coarsely crush the above ingredients. Add 2 sheng of water, boil until reduced to 8 ge, administer 1 ge per dose, twice daily.
[Wang's Method] Eliminate milk toxicity: Allow the infant to continue breastfeeding; whether the milk is toxic or non-toxic, it will be neutralized.
Ingredients: Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) (0.5 liang), Damaizi (Cannabis Fructus, cracked) (1 he).
Preparation and Administration: Soak these two herbs in wine. Every morning, give one zhan to the nursing mother. When she needs to breastfeed, she must first squeeze out a small amount of initial milk before feeding the infant.
[Zhang Huan] Sanxiang Dan: Treats persistent vomiting due to fright.
Ingredients: Huoxiangye (Agastachis Folium), Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos) (each 1 liang), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, washed in hot water seven times, dried) (0.5 liang; these three herbs are ground into powder and insufflated into the nose), Nifen (Calomelas) (1 fen), Longnao (Borneolum Syntheticum), Shexiang (Moschus, Dangmenzi quality) (each 1 qian, ground together).
Preparation and Administration: Mix the above ingredients thoroughly. Use fresh ginger juice to make a paste with white flour, forming pills the size of millet seeds. Administer 10 pills per dose, taken down with Renshen Bohe Tang (Ginseng and Mint Decoction). Adjust dosage according to the infant's age and size.
Shusheng Guiming Dan: The song states: "Infants suffer from frequent vomiting due to fright and diaphragm obstruction, day and night without pause, spitting out green water,槐黄 (huaihuang), and turbid fluids, along with worms and undigested milk food. Taking Dingxiang powder mixed with raw Xijiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu) and Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis) from five gallbladders brings immediate merit. If one encounters such medicine, even if life is perilous, the soul can be restored."
Ingredients: Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos), Huoxiang (Agastachis Folium) (each 1 fen), Shengximo (Raw Rhinocerotis Cornu Powder), Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis) (each 0.5 qian), Zhudanzhi (Porci Bile), Jiyudanzhi (Carassii Bile), Goudanzhi (Canis Bile), Xiongdan (Ursi Fel) (equal parts, total 0.5 liang, more is acceptable).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into powder and form pills the size of mung beans. Adjust dosage according to the infant's age and size. For infants under one year old, decoct Kulan (Meliae Semen) soup and dissolve two pills in it.
Dingtu Wan: Treats gastric discomfort due to fright and food stagnation, vomiting of milk and food, or heat sensation in the chest and heart.
Ingredients: Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos) (21 pieces, powdered), Xeshao (Scorpio tip) (49 pieces), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) (3 pieces, washed, dried, powdered).
Preparation and Administration: Grind uniformly. Form pills using boiled jujube flesh, sized like millet seeds. Administer 7 to 10 pills per dose, swallowed with Yinjin Jian Tang (Silver and Gold Decoction). For vomiting and diarrhea due to summerheat and cholera, administer with Xinru San (Elsholtzia Powder) decoction.
Liangfang Tianji San [from "Excellent Prescriptions"]: Treats chronic fanwei (regurgitation/vomiting) and various types of vomiting in infants due to fright.
Ingredients: High-quality Liuhuang (Sulfur) 0.5 liang, Shuiyin (Mercurius) 1 fen, ground until black as coal. Each dose is 3 qian. Take 4 liang of fresh ginger juice and 1 zhan of wine, cook together with the ginger juice, mix with the medicine, and take on an empty stomach.
Note: Cover the body with clothing and blankets. Sweat should naturally start from the toes and spread throughout the body. Once sweating is thorough, the condition will resolve. This powder is extremely light and difficult to mix; first add a little water and grind slowly with fingers to settle it, then gradually increase the liquid to ensure proper mixing. Otherwise, it floats and cannot be taken.
Wangshi Shuijing Wan: Clears heat, resolves phlegm, calms the spirit, and treats palpitations and vomiting due to fright.
Ingredients: Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, prepared with ginger), Ruxiang (Olibanum), Xijiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu, powdered) (each 1 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Grind all ingredients into powder. Use natural fresh ginger juice to make a flour paste, forming pills the size of mung beans. Take with Bohe Tang (Mint Decoction) before bed.
[Dan Xi] Wan'an Gao: Regulates the spleen and stomach, smooths qi, settles fright, treats vomiting of milk due to spleen-stomach deficiency, jaundice, and various other pediatric diseases.
Ingredients: Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Tanxiang (Santalum Album Lignum), Chensha (Cinnabar) (each 3 qian), Chenxiang (Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum) (2 qian), Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma), Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Shijunzi (Quisqualis Fructus) (each 1 liang), Binglang (Arecae Semen), Roudoukou (Myristicae Semen), Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Tianzhuhuang (Bambusae Caulis in Taenia) (each 0.5 liang), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (each 2 liang), Hupo (Electrum), Zhenzhu (Margarita), Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis), Xijiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu) (each 2.5 qian), Shexiang (Moschus) (5 fen).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into powder, refine honey, and form pills. Take before bed, dissolved in Bohe juice, honey water, or rice drink.
Quanxie Guanyin San: Treats vomiting and diarrhea, expels wind, stabilizes the mind, and prevents progression to slow convulsions.
Ingredients: Huangqi (Astragali Radix, roasted), Renshen (Ginseng Radix) (each 2.5 qian), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Zhigancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, roasted), Lianrou (Nelumbinis Semen), Biandou (Dolichoris Semen, stir-fried), Fuling (Poria), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Quanxie (Scorpio), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Tianma (Gastrodiae Rhizoma) (each 2 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Each dose is 3 to 5 qian, decocted with ginger and jujube and taken orally.