《惠济论》小儿痢瘥后遍身肿候歌 冷痢日久失医治，遍身浮肿却如吹，脉洪是气化为水，沉实还
因积有之，顺气肿消为上法，气平两日定多尿，莫交食饱还忧滞，此疾元因积损脾。
《惠济论》塌气散
香 白牵牛 甘草（各炒） 木香（各一钱）
上为末。每服半钱，紫苏汤下。
止渴圣效散 治小儿因吐利，气虚津液减耗，生疳烦渴，饮水不休，面肿脚浮，腹大头细，小便利
白，全不吃食。
干葛 白芷（各二两，一两炒黄，一两生用） 细墨（二两，一两火 过，一两生用） 黄丹
（二两，一两炒紫色，
一两生用）
上，同为细末。每服半钱，倒流水调下。
（杨）夫腹痛者，多因邪正交攻，与脏气相击而作也，挟热而痛者必面赤或壮热，四肢烦，手足心热。
见之挟冷而痛者必面色或白或青、手足冷者，见之冷甚而变证则面黯唇口俱黑、爪甲皆青矣。热证四顺清凉
饮（里热）加青皮、枳壳。冷证七气汤加辣桂调苏合香丸。若邪正交攻，冷热不调，桔梗枳壳汤加青皮、
陈皮、木香、当归为妙。若内吊等证，则钓藤散（夜啼）。其余则芍药甘草汤为要药也。实痛有热者，大
柴胡汤（伤寒）主之。心腹痛甚有实热者，大承气汤（伤寒）下之。腹痛，桂枝加芍药。痛甚桂枝加大黄（
二方并见痘疹）。〔薛〕小儿腹痛，口中气冷，不思饮食，脾土虚寒也，用调中丸（不乳食）主之。口中
气温，大便酸臭，积痛也，用下积丸治之。面赤壮热，或手足并热，实热也，用泻黄散（脾）泻之。面黄微热，
或手足并温，虚热也，用异功散（吐泻）补之。若作渴饮汤，胃气虚热也，用白术散（渴）。若痛连两胁，
肝木乘脾也，用
四君子汤（吐泻） 加柴胡、芍药。若腹痛重坠，脾气下陷也，用补中益气汤（虚热）加升麻。若手足指冷，或
吃逆泄泻，寒水侮土也，用六君、炮姜、肉桂，不效，急加附子。若服克滞之药致腹作痛，按之不痛，脾气复伤也，
用五味异功散。中脘痛者属脾。少腹痛者属肾。按之痛者为积滞。不痛者为里虚。积滞者消之，虚者补之。娄氏，
分曲腰干哭无泪者，为盘肠内钓痛。面 白不思食，为胃冷痛。面赤唇焦便黄，为热痛。面黄白，大便醋臭，
为积痛。口淡而沫自出，为虫痛。曾氏，又有脏寒痛，锁肚痛， 瘕痛， 痛，癖痛，吊肾痛，偏坠痛，寒疝痛。
各有治法，今胪列于后∶
《惠济论》中关于小儿痢疾痊愈后全身浮肿的歌诀：冷性痢疾日久若失于医治，会导致遍身浮肿，状如吹胀；脉象洪大说明是气化失常导致水液停聚，脉象沉实则是因为体内有积滞所致。顺气使肿胀消退是最好的治疗方法，气机平和两天后通常会多排尿。不要让患儿吃得太饱而担忧食积停滞，此病的根本原因在于积滞损伤了脾脏。
《惠济论》塌气散
组成：木香、白牵牛、甘草（各炒制）、沉香（各一钱）。
制法与用法：将上述药材研为细末。每次服用半钱，用紫苏汤送服。
止渴圣效散：治疗小儿因呕吐腹泻，导致气虚津液耗损，生出疳积并烦渴，饮水不止，面部浮肿脚部肿胀，腹部大头部小，小便清长色白，完全不吃食物。
组成：干葛、白芷（各二两，其中一两炒黄，一两生用）、细墨（二两，一两火煅过，一两生用）、黄丹（二两，一两炒至紫色，一两生用）。
制法与用法：将上述药材共同研为细末。每次服用半钱，用倒流水调服。
（杨氏）认为腹痛，多因邪气与正气相互交攻，与脏腑之气相搏击而产生。伴有热痛的，必然面色发红或高热，四肢烦躁，手心脚心发热。见到伴有寒痛的，必然面色发白或发青，手脚冰冷；如果寒气极重出现变证，则面色暗黑，嘴唇和口角都发黑，指甲全部发青。热证可用四顺清凉饮（针对里热）加青皮、枳壳。寒证可用七气汤加辣桂，并调服苏合香丸。如果是邪正交攻，冷热不调，用桔梗枳壳汤加青皮、陈皮、木香、当归效果最好。如果是内吊等证候，则用钓藤散（用于夜啼）。其余情况则以芍药甘草汤为主要药物。实证且有热的，用大柴胡汤（见于伤寒）主治。心腹疼痛剧烈且有实热的，用大承气汤（见于伤寒）攻下。一般腹痛，用桂枝加芍药汤。疼痛剧烈的，用桂枝加大黄汤（这两方均见于痘疹章节）。
（薛氏）小儿腹痛，口中气息寒冷，不想吃东西，这是脾土虚寒，用调中丸（用于不乳食）主治。口中气息温暖，大便酸臭，这是积滞痛，用下积丸治疗。面色红赤壮热，或者手脚都热，这是实热，用泻黄散（针对脾）清泻。面色发黄微热，或者手脚都温，这是虚热，用异功散（用于吐泻）补益。如果口渴想喝热水，这是胃气虚热，用白术散（用于口渴）治疗。如果疼痛牵连两胁，这是肝木乘克脾土，用四君子汤（用于吐泻）加柴胡、芍药。如果腹痛沉重下坠，这是脾气下陷，用补中益气汤（用于虚热）加升麻。如果手指脚趾冷，或者呃逆泄泻，这是寒水侮犯脾土，用六君子汤、炮姜、肉桂，如果无效，急忙加入附子。如果服用消导破滞的药物导致腹部疼痛，按压时不痛，这是脾气再次受伤，用五味异功散。中脘部疼痛属于脾。少腹部疼痛属于肾。按压疼痛的是积滞。不痛的是里虚。积滞的用消导法，虚弱的用补益法。娄氏区分：弯腰干哭无泪的，称为盘肠内钓痛。面色白不想吃的，为胃冷痛。面色红赤嘴唇焦裂大便黄的，为热痛。面色黄白，大便醋臭的，为积痛。口淡且口水自出的，为虫痛。曾氏又有脏寒痛、锁肚痛、瘕痛、[原文缺字]痛、癖痛、吊肾痛、偏坠痛、寒疝痛。各有治疗方法，现在罗列在后面：
According to the "Huiji Lun" (Treatise on Beneficial Practices), the verse regarding the condition of generalized edema in children after dysentery has subsided: If cold-type dysentery persists for a long time and is left untreated, it leads to generalized edema, resembling bloating as if inflated. A surging pulse indicates that water retention results from impaired Qi transformation, while a deep and solid pulse suggests the presence of internal accumulation. The best method is to regulate Qi to reduce swelling; once Qi becomes balanced, increased urination usually occurs within two days. One must avoid overfeeding to prevent concerns about food stagnation. The root cause of this disease lies in damage to the Spleen due to accumulation.
**Taqi San (Collapse-Qi Powder)** from *Huiji Lun*
Ingredients: *Aucklandiae Radix* (Muxiang), *Pharbitidis Semen* (Bai Qian Niu), *Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma* (Gancao) [each stir-fried], *Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum* (Chenxiang) [each 1 qian].
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into fine powder. Take half a qian per dose, administered with Perilla Decoction.
**Zhike Shengxiao San (Miraculous Effect Powder for Stopping Thirst)**: Treats pediatric cases where vomiting and diarrhea lead to Qi deficiency and depletion of body fluids, resulting in infantile malnutrition (Gan syndrome) with irritability and excessive thirst, constant drinking, facial edema, foot swelling, a large abdomen with a small head, clear and copious urine, and complete anorexia.
Ingredients: *Puerariae Lobatae Radix* (Gange), *Angelicae Dahuricae Radix* (Baizhi) [each 2 liang, one liang stir-fried until yellow, one liang raw]; *Fine Ink Stick* (Xi Mo) [2 liang, one liang calcined by fire, one liang raw]; *Minium* (Huandan) [2 liang, one liang stir-fried until purple, one liang raw].
Preparation and Administration: Grind all ingredients together into a fine powder. Take half a qian per dose, mixed with inverted flowing water.
(Yang) stated that abdominal pain often arises from the mutual attack of pathogenic factors and healthy Qi, clashing with the Qi of the Zang organs. Pain accompanied by heat manifests as redness of the face or high fever, restlessness of the four limbs, and heat in the palms and soles. Pain accompanied by cold manifests as pale or bluish complexion, and cold hands and feet. If cold becomes severe and transforms into pathological changes, the face turns dark, lips and mouth turn black, and fingernails become cyanotic. For heat patterns, use **Sishun Qingliang Yin** (for interior heat) added with *Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride* (Qingpi) and *Aurantii Fructus* (Zhiqiao). For cold patterns, use **Qi Qi Tang** added with *Cinnamomi Ramulus* (Lagui), and administer combined with **Suhe Xiang Wan**. If pathogenic and healthy Qi clash with unregulated cold and heat, **Jiegeng Zhike Tang** added with *Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium* (Qingpi), *Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium* (Chenpi), *Aucklandiae Radix* (Muxiang), and *Angelicae Sinensis Radix* (Danggui) is excellent. For conditions like internal coiling, use **Diaoteng San** (for night crying). In other cases, **Shaoyao Gancao Tang** is the essential formula. For excess patterns with heat, **Da Chaihu Tang** (from *Shanghan*) is indicated. For severe heart and abdominal pain with excess heat, **Da Chengqi Tang** (from *Shanghan*) should be used to purge. For general abdominal pain, use **Guizhi Jia Shaoyao Tang**. For severe pain, use **Guizhi Jia Dahuang Tang** (both formulas also appear in the chapter on variola).
(Xue) stated that if a child has abdominal pain, cold breath, and loss of appetite, it is due to deficiency-cold of Spleen Earth, treated with **Tiaozhong Wan** (for refusal to nurse). If the breath is warm and stool smells sour, it is pain due to accumulation, treated with **Xiaji Wan**. If the face is red with high fever or both hands and feet are hot, it is excess heat, cleared with **Xiehuang San** (targeting Spleen). If the face is yellow with slight fever or both hands and feet are warm, it is deficiency heat, tonified with **Yigong San** (for vomiting and diarrhea). If thirsty and desiring hot drinks, it is deficiency-heat of Stomach Qi, treated with **Baizhu San** (for thirst). If pain radiates to both hypochondria, it is Liver Wood overacting on Spleen, treated with **Sijunzi Tang** (for vomiting and diarrhea) added with *Bupleuri Radix* (Chaihu) and *Paeoniae Radix Alba* (Shaoyao). If abdominal pain feels heavy and bearing down, it is sinking of Spleen Qi, treated with **Buzhong Yiqi Tang** (for deficiency heat) added with *Cyathulae Radix* (Shengma). If fingers and toes are cold, or there is hiccups and diarrhea, it is Cold Water insulting Earth, treated with **Liujunzi Tang**, roasted *Zingiberis Rhizoma* (Shengjiang), and *Cinnamomi Cortex* (Rougui); if ineffective, urgently add *Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata* (Fuzi). If abdominal pain results from taking draining/stagnation-resolving drugs and is not painful upon pressure, it indicates further injury to Spleen Qi, treated with **Wuyi Yigong San**. Pain in the Zhongwan area belongs to the Spleen. Pain in the Shaoyang/lower abdomen belongs to the Kidney. Pain upon pressure indicates stagnation; lack of pain indicates interior deficiency. Stagnation is resolved; deficiency is tonified.
Lou distinguished: Bending the waist and crying without tears indicates "Pan Chang Nei Diao" pain. Pale face and anorexia indicate cold-pain of the Stomach. Red face, cracked lips, and yellow stool indicate heat-pain. Yellow-white face and vinegar-smelling stool indicate accumulation-pain. Faint taste with spontaneous drooling indicates worm-pain. Zeng mentioned additional types: Zang-cold pain, Suodu pain, Jia-mass pain, [text missing] pain, Pi-mass pain, Diaoshen pain, Piandui pain, and Hanshan pain. Each has its specific treatment, listed below: