娄全善曰。曲腰干哭无泪者。为盘肠内吊痛。面 白。不思食。为胃冷痛。面赤唇焦便黄。为热痛。面黄白。大便
酸臭。为积痛。口痰而沫自出。为虫痛。然皆不如内吊之甚也。
吴绶曰。小儿腹痛。曲腰干啼。面青白。唇黑肢冷。大便色青不实。名盘肠内吊痛。急煎葱汤淋洗其腹。揉葱白熨
脐腹间。良久。尿自出。其痛立止。续用乳香散。
曾氏曰。有锁肚痛者。婴儿一月后。忽乳不下咽。肚硬如石。赤如朱。撮口而哭。面青唇黑。手足口气俱冷是也。
始因断脐带不紧。为冷风所乘。症甚危急。以白芍药汤、乌梅散投之。久则难治。更参考脐风症。
钱乙曰。腹胀由脾胃气虚攻作也。实者。闷乱喘满。可下之。用紫霜丸。不喘者。虚也。不可下。误下则脾虚。气
上附肺而行。肺与脾子母皆虚。肺主目胞腮之类。脾主四肢。母气虚甚。即目胞腮肿。四肢黄色。宜塌气丸渐消之。未
愈。渐加丸数。不可以丁香、木香、橘皮、豆蔻大温散药治之。何以然。脾虚气未出。故虽腹胀而不喘。可以温散药治
之。使上下分消其气。则愈。若气已出。附肺而行。即脾胃内弱。每生虚气。入于四肢面目矣。小儿易为虚实。脾虚则
不受寒温。服寒则生冷。服温则生热。当识此勿误也。胃久虚热。多生疸病。或引饮不止。脾虚不能胜肾。随肺气上行
于四肢面目。肿若水状。肾气漫淫于肺。即大喘也。宜塌气丸。病愈。面未红者。虚衰未复故也。治小儿虚腹胀。先服
塌气丸。不愈。腹中有食积结粪。小便黄。时微喘。脉伏而实。时饮水。能食者下之。盖脾初虚而后有积。所治宜先补
脾。然后下之。后又补脾。即愈也。不可补肺。恐生虚喘。
张云岐曰。小儿热结于内。腹胀壮热。大便赤黄。躁闷烦乱者。宜用泻青丸。
娄全善说：小儿弯腰干哭没有眼泪的，是盘肠内吊痛。面色苍白、不想吃东西的，是胃冷痛。面色红赤、嘴唇焦裂、大便色黄的，是热痛。面色黄白、大便酸臭的，是积滞痛。口中吐痰且泡沫自动流出的，是虫痛。然而这些病症都不如内吊痛那样严重。
吴绶说：小儿腹痛，弯腰干啼，面色青白，嘴唇发黑，四肢冰冷，大便颜色青绿且不成形，称为盘肠内吊痛。紧急时用葱汤煎煮淋洗腹部，揉搓葱白熨烫脐部及腹部之间，过一段时间后，小便自然排出，疼痛立即停止。随后使用乳香散继续治疗。
曾氏说：有一种锁肚痛，婴儿满月后，突然乳汁无法咽下，肚子坚硬如石头，颜色红得像朱砂，撮口而哭，面色青紫、嘴唇发黑，手脚和口气都冰冷，这就是锁肚痛。起初是因为断脐带时绑得不紧，被冷风侵袭所致，症状非常危急。用白芍药汤、乌梅散投喂治疗。拖延久了就难以治愈，更应参考脐风症的治疗方法。
钱乙说：腹胀是由于脾胃气虚引起的。实证表现为胸闷烦乱、气喘胀满，可以用泻下法治疗，使用紫霜丸。如果不喘，则是虚证，不可用泻下法。误用泻下法会导致脾虚，气机上逆附着于肺并运行，肺与脾作为子母关系都会变得虚弱。肺主管眼睑腮部等部位，脾主管四肢。母气（脾气）极度虚弱，就会导致眼睑腮部肿胀，四肢呈现黄色，适宜用塌气丸逐渐消除。如果未痊愈，逐渐增加丸药的剂量。不能用丁香、木香、陈皮、豆蔻等大温散的药物来治疗。为什么呢？因为脾虚气机尚未外出，所以虽然腹胀但不喘，此时可以用温散药治疗，使气机上下分消从而痊愈。如果气机已经外出，附着于肺运行，那就是脾胃内部虚弱，经常产生虚气，进入四肢和面目。小儿容易虚实变化，脾虚就不能耐受寒温药物，服用寒凉药则生生冷之邪，服用温热药则生热邪。应当明白这一点以免误治。胃长期虚弱有热，多会生出黄疸病，或者导致饮水不止。脾虚不能制约肾气，随肺气上行至四肢面目，肿胀像水状；肾气漫溢于肺，就会大喘。适宜用塌气丸。病愈后，面色未红润的，是因为虚衰尚未恢复。治疗小儿虚性腹胀，先服用塌气丸，若未痊愈，腹中有食积结粪，小便黄，偶尔轻微气喘，脉象沉伏而实，时常想喝水但能进食的，可以用泻下法。这是因为脾初虚而后产生积滞，所治宜先补脾，然后泻下，之后再补脾，即可痊愈。不可补肺，恐怕会产生虚喘。
Lou Quanshan stated: When an infant bends the waist and cries dryly without tears, it is termed "Pan Chang Nei Diao Tong" (Intestinal Cramping Pain). A pale complexion and loss of appetite indicate "Wei Leng Tong" (Stomach Cold Pain). A red face, cracked lips, and yellow stool indicate "Re Tong" (Heat Pain). A yellowish-white complexion and sour-smelling stool indicate "Ji Tong" (Food Stagnation Pain). Saliva with foam flowing from the mouth indicates "Chong Tong" (Worm Pain). However, none of these are as severe as Nei Diao pain.
Wu Shou stated: Infant abdominal pain characterized by bending the waist and crying dryly, a bluish-white complexion, black lips, cold limbs, and green, unformed stool is named "Pan Chang Nei Diao Tong". Urgently decoct a scallion soup to wash the abdomen, rub scallion whites, and apply them as a warm compress to the umbilical and abdominal area. After some time, urination will occur naturally, and the pain will cease immediately. Subsequently, use Ruxiang San (Frankincense Powder) for continued treatment.
Zeng Shi stated: There is a condition called "Suo Du Tong" (Locked Belly Pain). After one month of age, an infant suddenly cannot swallow milk, the belly becomes hard as stone, reddish like cinnabar, cries with puckered mouth, has a bluish face and black lips, and the hands, feet, and breath are all cold. This is caused initially by the umbilical cord not being tied tightly enough, allowing cold wind to invade. The condition is critical. Treat with Baishaoyao Tang (White Peony Decoction) or Wumei San (Mume Powder). If left untreated for long, it becomes difficult to cure; refer also to the treatment of Qi Feng Zheng (Umbilical Wind Syndrome).
Qian Yi stated: Abdominal distension is caused by deficiency of Spleen and Stomach Qi. In excess patterns, there is chest oppression, restlessness, wheezing, and fullness; purgation may be used, such as Zishuang Wan (Purple Frost Pill). If there is no wheezing, it is a deficiency pattern, and purgation must not be used. Misuse of purgation leads to Spleen deficiency, causing Qi to rise and attach to the Lung. Since Lung and Spleen share a mother-child relationship, both become deficient. The Lung governs the eyelids and cheeks; the Spleen governs the four limbs. Severe deficiency of the Mother Qi (Spleen Qi) results in swelling of the eyelids and cheeks, and yellow coloration of the limbs. It is appropriate to use Taqi Wan (Qi-Sinking Pill) to gradually resolve this. If not cured, gradually increase the dosage of the pills. Do not treat with strongly warming and dispersing herbs such as Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Chuanpiao (Tangerine Peel), and Doukou (Amomi Fructus Rotundus). Why? Because Spleen Qi is deficient and has not yet dispersed outward, so although there is abdominal distension, there is no wheezing. In this state, warming and dispersing herbs can be used to allow Qi to disperse up and down, leading to recovery. If Qi has already dispersed outward and attaches to the Lung, it indicates internal weakness of the Spleen and Stomach, frequently generating deficient Qi that enters the limbs and face. Infants are prone to shifts between deficiency and excess. When the Spleen is deficient, it cannot tolerate cold or warm treatments; administering cold herbs generates cold pathogens, while administering warm herbs generates heat. One must understand this to avoid errors. Long-term deficiency-heat in the Stomach often leads to Dan Bing (Jaundice) or incessant thirst. Spleen deficiency fails to control Kidney Qi, which ascends with Lung Qi to the limbs and face, causing water-like edema; if Kidney Qi overflows into the Lung, it causes severe wheezing. Taqi Wan is appropriate. After recovery, if the face is not ruddy, it is because deficiency has not yet recovered. For treating infant deficiency-type abdominal distension, first administer Taqi Wan. If ineffective, and there is food stagnation and fecal impaction in the abdomen, yellow urine, occasional mild wheezing, a deep and excess pulse, frequent desire to drink water, but ability to eat, then purgation may be used. This is because the Spleen was initially deficient and later developed stagnation; treatment should first tonify the Spleen, then purge, and then tonify the Spleen again for recovery. Do not tonify the Lung, lest it generate deficient wheezing.
Zhang Yunqi stated: When infantile heat accumulates internally, causing abdominal distension with high fever, reddish-yellow stool, and restlessness, Xieqing Wan (Draining Green Pill) is appropriate.