王汉东曰。小儿积病。可医者九。面上虚肿是积。积者。脾之所系。脾主身之肌肉。故应于面。故知是脾积。其脾
系土。土无正形。故早晚浮肿不定。多则早浮。其睡则脾不磨。上面作肿。若病后此症。则是虚中积。宜用补脾消积行
气等药。又面合地卧是积。何以合地。其受积在脾。是冷积。何以知之。其脾好土。故知在脾。其冷者属阴。故知伤冷
硬物得之。宜下热药耳。又腹胀是积。其积在肺。何以知之。其肺主于气。才受积。其气便冷。腹胀满。气急。故知在
肺。如腹胀。先宜调气。后用转。转后更宜调气。又小便如油是积。其积在小肠。何以知之。积受于脾。脾当传心。
心不伏。故亦曰虚中积。若惊积取下。则屎青。食积。屎成块子。凡疳中虚积者。因疳病转泻。虚而疳不退。故虚中尔。
所取下粪里白色也。
龚信曰。癖块者。僻于两胁。痞结者。痞于中脘。皆乳哺失节。饮食停滞。邪气相搏而成也。
王肯堂曰。乳积者。其候但是吐下乳来。有酸臭气。因啼叫未已。遽与乳吃。停滞不化而得。兼面青黄。发热作渴。
多睡口疮。渐渐黄瘦。腹内结块不散。茅先生用丁香散开胃后。用牛黄丸取下乳积。后用匀气散。常服健脾散。即愈。
食积者。肚硬而热。或泻或呕。因饮食过饱。饱后即睡而得。茅先生用牛黄丸取积。后用匀气散调理。常服万灵丸即愈。
气积者。面色黄白。不进食。腹痛啼叫。利如蟹渤。此因营卫不和。日久而得。茅先生用万灵丸、匀气散、醒脾散相夹
调理。惊积者。时时泄清水如米泔。是受伤而复有积。烦闷啾唧。常以生嗔。先解散。用百解散。后理积。乌犀丸、三
棱散、醒脾散。宁惊化积。壮气和胃。仍节冷乳。自愈。热积者。大便不通。风毒疮疖。喉闭 腮。咽中涎响。茅先生
用夺命散吐下热涎。后用匀气散、醒脾散调理。常服镇心丸、天竺黄散、愈。
王汉东说：小儿的积病，有九种是可以治疗的。面部虚肿是积病。所谓积，与脾脏密切相关。脾主司身体的肌肉，所以症状反映在面部。因此知道这是脾积。脾属土，土没有固定的形态，所以早晚浮肿不定。如果早晨浮肿明显，是因为睡眠时脾不运化，导致上面（面部）作肿。如果是病后出现这种症状，则是虚中夹积，适宜使用补脾、消积、行气等药物。另外，面部贴地而卧也是积病。为什么面部贴地？因为积滞在于脾，属于冷积。怎么知道的呢？脾喜好土性，所以知道病在脾。其性质寒冷属于阴，所以知道是因损伤生冷坚硬食物所致，适宜用温热性质的泻下药。还有腹胀是积病。积滞在于肺，怎么知道的呢？肺主气，刚受到积滞影响，气就变冷，导致腹部胀满，气急，所以知道病在肺。如果是腹胀，先宜调理气机，然后再用消导法。消导之后更宜调理气机。另外，小便像油一样浑浊是积病。积滞在于小肠，怎么知道的呢？积滞受于脾，脾应当传送给心，心不受伏（制约），所以也称为虚中夹积。如果是惊积，排出青色粪便；食积，粪便成块状。凡是疳病中的虚积，是因为疳病转为腹泻，身体虚弱而疳症不退，所以称为虚中。所排出的粪便里有白色物质。
龚信说：癖块，偏结于两胁部；痞结，痞塞于中脘部。这都是因为哺乳喂养失节，饮食停滞，邪气相互搏结而形成的。
王肯堂说：乳积的症状，只是吐出未消化的乳汁，带有酸臭味。因为啼哭不止，急忙喂奶，导致停滞不化而得病。兼见面色青黄，发热口渴，多睡，口疮，渐渐发黄消瘦，腹内结块不散。茅先生先用丁香散开胃，再用牛黄丸攻下乳积，后用匀气散调理，常服健脾散，即可痊愈。食积的症状，肚子硬且热，或腹泻或呕吐。因饮食过饱，饱后立即睡觉而得病。茅先生用牛黄丸攻下积滞，后用匀气散调理，常服万灵丸即可痊愈。气积的症状，面色黄白，不进饮食，腹痛啼叫，大便像蟹渤（形容大便性状）。这是因为营卫不和，日久形成的。茅先生用万灵丸、匀气散、醒脾散交替调理。惊积的症状，时时排泄清水如米泔水，是受伤后又产生积滞，烦闷小声呻吟，经常容易发怒。先予解散表邪，用百解散，后处理积滞，用乌犀丸、三棱散、醒脾散，以宁心安神、化解积滞、强壮气机、调和胃气，同时节制生冷乳汁，即可自愈。热积的症状，大便不通，风毒疮疖，喉闭腮肿，咽中有涎液响声。茅先生用夺命散催吐并攻下热涎，后用匀气散、醒脾散调理，常服镇心丸、天竺黄散，即可痊愈。
Wang Handong stated: Among pediatric accumulation diseases (Ji Bing, a condition characterized by food stagnation and qi/blood obstruction), nine types are treatable. Facial edema indicates accumulation. Accumulation is closely related to the Spleen. The Spleen governs the muscles of the body, hence the manifestation appears on the face. Thus, it is known as Spleen accumulation. The Spleen corresponds to the Earth element, which has no fixed shape; therefore, the edema varies between morning and evening. If morning swelling is prominent, it is because the Spleen fails to transform during sleep, causing swelling in the upper part (face). If this symptom occurs after an illness, it is a deficiency-type accumulation with retained pathogenic factors, suitable for treatment with herbs that tonify the Spleen, resolve accumulation, and regulate Qi. Additionally, lying with the face pressed to the ground indicates accumulation. Why? Because the accumulation lies in the Spleen, constituting cold accumulation. How do we know? The Spleen favors the Earth nature, indicating the pathology resides in the Spleen. Its cold nature belongs to Yin, indicating it was caused by damaging cold and hard foods. It is suitable to use warm purgative medicines. Furthermore, abdominal distension indicates accumulation. The accumulation lies in the Lung. How do we know? The Lung governs Qi. Upon receiving accumulation, the Qi becomes cold, leading to abdominal fullness and急促 breathing (Qi urgency), thus indicating the pathology lies in the Lung. In cases of abdominal distension, one should first regulate Qi, then apply transformation/resolution methods. After resolution, regulating Qi again is advisable. Moreover, urine resembling oil indicates accumulation. The accumulation lies in the Small Intestine. How do we know? Accumulation originates from the Spleen, which transmits to the Heart. If the Heart does not subdue it, it is also termed deficiency-type accumulation. In cases of Fear accumulation (Jing Ji), stool turns green; in Food accumulation, stool forms clumps. In cases of deficiency accumulation within Gan disease (infantile malnutrition syndrome), due to Gan disease turning into diarrhea, the body becomes weak while the Gan condition persists, hence termed deficiency. The excreted feces contain white substances.
Gong Xin stated: Pi masses (Pi Kuai) are located obliquely in the hypochondrium; Pi knots (Pi Jie) are obstructed in the Zhongwan region. Both result from irregular breastfeeding and feeding, food stagnation, and the struggle between pathogenic factors.
Wang Kentang stated: The symptoms of Milk accumulation (Ru Ji) involve vomiting undigested milk with a sour, foul odor. It arises from feeding immediately after prolonged crying, causing stagnation and failure to digest. Accompanying signs include cyan-yellow complexion, fever, thirst, excessive sleep, mouth ulcers, gradual yellowish emaciation, and unresolvable abdominal masses. Master Mao first used Dingxiang San (Clove Powder) to open the stomach, then employed Niuhuang Wan (Calculus Bovis Pill) to purge milk accumulation, followed by Yunqi San (Regulate Qi Powder) for regulation, and regular intake of Jianpi San (Spleen-Tonifying Powder) leads to recovery. The symptoms of Food accumulation (Shi Ji) include a hard and hot abdomen, either diarrhea or vomiting. It results from overeating followed by immediate sleep. Master Mao used Niuhuang Wan to remove accumulation, followed by Yunqi San for regulation, and regular intake of Wanling Wan leads to recovery. The symptoms of Qi accumulation (Qi Ji) include a yellowish-white complexion, loss of appetite, abdominal pain with crying, and stools resembling crab foam. This arises from disharmony of Ying and Wei nutrients, developing over time. Master Mao regulated using Wanling Wan, Yunqi San, and Xingpi San alternately. The symptoms of Fear accumulation (Jing Ji) involve frequent passage of clear water like rice washings, indicating injury compounded by accumulation. Signs include irritability, whimpering, and frequent anger. First, release the exterior using Baijie San (Hundred-Resolution Powder), then address accumulation using Wuxi Wan (Black Rhinoceros Horn Pill), Sanleng San (Burreed Rhizome Powder), and Xingpi San, to calm fright, resolve accumulation, strengthen Qi, harmonize the Stomach, and control cold milk, leading to self-healing. The symptoms of Heat accumulation (Re Ji) include constipation, wind-toxic sores and boils, throat closure, malar swelling, and rattling saliva in the throat. Master Mao used Duoming San (Life-Snatching Powder) to induce vomiting and purge heat-phlegm, followed by Yunqi San and Xingpi San for regulation, and regular intake of Zhenxin Wan (Heart-Calming Pill) and Tianzhu Huang San (Bamboo Mucilage Powder) leads to recovery.