于白虎汤方内。加人参三两。余根据白虎汤法。
王三阳云。前条脉洪大者。不渴。此条洪大者。烦渴不解。故二汤不同。
太阳病。发热、恶寒。热多寒少。脉微弱者。此无阳也。不可更汗。宜桂枝二越婢
一汤方。
桂枝（去皮） 芍药 甘草（各十八铢） 生姜（一两三钱切） 大枣（四枚擘）
麻黄（十八铢去节） 石膏（二十四铢碎绵裹）
上七味。 咀。以五升水。煮麻黄一二沸。去上沫。内诸药。煮取二升。去滓。温
服一升。本方当裁为越婢汤。桂枝汤合饮一升。今合为一方。桂枝二越婢一。
胃为十二经之主。脾治水谷。为卑脏。若婢。内经曰。脾主为胃行其津液。是汤所
以谓之越脾者。以发越脾气通行津液。外台方一名越脾汤。即此义也。
唐不岩云。桂枝、麻黄、越脾或一或二。此即大小奇偶之义。以各半汤详之。曰一
者。当是一之一。无所用去其半也。曰二者。当是二之一。乃所谓各半之半也。及考分
两。本论与活人书。参差不一。然以小发其汗为各半汤谓桂枝止。麻黄发。今在止发之
间。故裁为各半。则汗出必解者。自应麻黄多。桂枝少。不可更汗者。自应桂枝少。石
膏多也。
又云。桂枝麻黄各半汤。即桂枝证药也。桂枝二麻黄一汤。即麻黄证药也。桂枝二
越婢一汤。即大青龙证药也。总是一太阳病。病与时日有浅与深。脉与形证。有应与否。
权衡剂量。不失铢黍。于此见古人立方之妙。
张卿子云。无阳二字宜审。谓脾气不发越耳。又云。寒少。故桂枝少。热多。故石
膏多。
服桂枝汤。或下之。仍头项强痛。翕翕发热。无汗。心下满。微痛。小便不利者。
桂枝汤、去桂加茯苓白术汤主之。
头项强痛。翕翕发热。虽经汗下。为邪气仍在表也。心下满。微痛。小便利者。则
欲成结胸。今外证未罢。无汗。小便不利。则心下满。微痛。为停饮也。与桂枝汤以解
外。加茯苓白术。利小便。行留饮。
在白虎汤的方剂组成中，加入人参三两。其余部分均依照白虎汤的煎服方法执行。
王三阳说：前一条文中提到的脉象洪大但口不渴，与本条文中脉象洪大且烦渴不止不同，因此这两种汤剂（白虎汤与白虎加人参汤）有所区别。
太阳病，表现为发热、恶寒，热势重于寒势，脉象微弱，这属于“无阳”的状态，不可再次使用发汗法，适宜使用桂枝二越婢一汤方。
桂枝（去皮）、芍药、甘草（各十八铢）、生姜（一两三钱，切片）、大枣（四枚，掰开）、麻黄（十八铢，去节）、石膏（二十四铢，打碎后用绵布包裹）。
以上七味药，切碎。用五升水，先煮麻黄一二沸，去掉水面上的浮沫，然后加入其他药物，煎煮至取药液二升，滤去药渣，温服一升。本方应当裁减为越婢汤与桂枝汤合饮一升的比例。现在合并为一个方剂，名为桂枝二越婢一汤。
胃是十二经脉的主宰，脾处理水谷，地位如同婢女一般低微。《内经》说：“脾主为胃行其津液。”这个汤剂之所以被称为“越婢”（注：原文作越脾，通假），是因为它能发越脾气，通行津液。《外台秘要》中的方子有一个名字叫越脾汤，就是这个意思。
唐不岩说：桂枝、麻黄、越婢（即越脾）的比例或一或二，这体现了大小奇偶的配伍意义。参考各半汤（如桂枝麻黄各半汤）来详细分析：说“一”，应当是指一份中的一份，不需要减去一半；说“二”，应当是指两份中的一份，也就是所谓的各半之半。等到考察分两剂量时，《伤寒论》原本与《活人书》中的记载参差不齐并不一致。然而，以“小发其汗”作为各半汤的原则，认为桂枝的作用是止汗，麻黄的作用是发汗。现在处于止与发的中间状态，所以裁减为各半比例，那么必然通过出汗而痊愈，此时应该麻黄多、桂枝少；对于不可再发汗的情况，自然应该桂枝少、石膏多。
又说：桂枝麻黄各半汤，是针对桂枝证的药物；桂枝二麻黄一汤，是针对麻黄证的药物；桂枝二越婢一汤，是针对大青龙汤证的药物。总归都是太阳病，但病情与时日有浅深之分，脉象与形证有相符与否的区别。权衡剂量，丝毫不差，从这里可以看出古人创制方剂的精妙之处。
张卿子说：“无阳”这两个字应当仔细审察，这里指的是脾气不能发越罢了。他又说：因为寒少，所以桂枝用量少；因为热多，所以石膏用量多。
服用桂枝汤后，或者经过攻下治疗，仍然出现头项强痛，轻微发热，无汗，心下部胀满，轻微疼痛，小便不通利的情况，应当用桂枝去桂加茯苓白术汤主治。
头项强痛，轻微发热，虽然经过发汗和攻下治疗，说明邪气仍在体表。如果心下部胀满，轻微疼痛，且小便通畅，那么想要形成结胸证。现在外部证候未罢，无汗，小便不利，那么心下部胀满、轻微疼痛是由于水饮停聚所致。给予桂枝汤以解除表邪，加入茯苓和白术，以利小便，运行留滞的水饮。
In the formula of Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction), add Renshen Sanliang (Three Qian of Ginseng Root). The remainder follows the method of Baihu Tang.
Wang Sanyang stated: In the previous clause, the pulse was surging but there was no thirst; in this clause, the pulse is surging accompanied by vexation and unrelenting thirst. Therefore, these two decoctions differ.
Taiyang disease (Disease of the Taiyang channel) presents with fever, aversion to cold, where heat predominates over cold. If the pulse is faint, this indicates a state of "No Yang" (Deficiency of Yang Qi). Do not induce sweating again; instead, Guizhi Er Yuebi Yi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Twice, Mahuang Decoction One Time Formula) is indicated.
Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig, peeled), Shaoyao (Peony Root), Gancao (Licorice Root, each 18 Zhu), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger, 1 Liang 3 Qian, sliced), Dazao (Jujube, four pieces, split), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, 18 Zhu, nodes removed), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 24 Zhu, crushed, wrapped in cotton).
The above seven ingredients are coarsely powdered. Boil with five sheng of water. First boil Mahuang for one or two boils, remove the foam on the surface, then add the remaining herbs. Boil until two sheng of liquid remain, strain, and take one sheng warm. This formula should theoretically be viewed as a combination of Yuebi Tang and Guizhi Tang taken in a ratio such that one sheng is consumed. Now they are combined into one formula, named Guizhi Er Yuebi Yi Tang.
The Stomach is the master of the twelve channels. The Spleen manages water and grain, holding a humble position akin to a maid. The *Neijing* states: "The Spleen governs transporting the fluids for the Stomach." This decoction is called "Yuebi" (literally "Surpassing the Maid") because it stimulates the Spleen's Qi to circulate fluids. The *Waitai Miyao* lists a formula named Yuepi Tang, which shares this meaning.
Tang Buyan stated: The proportions of Guizhi, Mahuang, and Yuebi (Yuepi) being one or two reflect the principles of odd and even combinations. Examining Ge Ban Tang (Half-and-Half Decoction): "One" implies a whole unit without halving; "Two" implies half of a double unit, i.e., half of the half. However, dosage records in the original text and *Huren Shu* vary. Nevertheless, regarding "mild diaphoresis" as the principle of Ge Ban Tang, Guizhi arrests sweating while Mahuang induces it. Currently, we are between arresting and inducing, so we adjust to a half-and-half ratio. To ensure resolution through sweating, Mahuang should be more abundant and Guizhi less so. For conditions where further sweating is contraindicated, Guizhi should be reduced and Shigao increased.
Furthermore: Guizhi Mahuang Ge Ban Tang addresses Guizhi syndrome patterns; Guizhi Er Mahuang Yi Tang addresses Mahuang syndrome patterns; Guizhi Er Yuebi Yi Tang addresses Da Qinglong Tang syndrome patterns. All belong to Taiyang disease, but the depth varies with time, and pulse/symptom presentations vary in correspondence. Weighing dosages precisely reveals the subtlety of ancient formula creation.
Zhang Qingzi stated: The term "No Yang" requires careful examination, referring here to the failure of Spleen Qi to ascend and spread. He also noted: Because cold is slight, Guizhi is used in small amounts; because heat is significant, Shigao is used in larger amounts.
After taking Guizhi Tang, or following purgative therapy, if headache and stiffness of the neck and occiput persist, along with mild fever, absence of sweat, fullness in the epigastrium, slight pain, and difficulty urinating, treat with Guizhi Tang minus Guizhi plus Fuling and Baizhu.
Headache and stiffness of the neck and occiput, along with mild fever, indicate that pathogenic factors remain in the exterior despite prior sweating or purgation. If there is epigastric fullness, slight pain, and free urination, Jie Xiong (Chest Binding) may develop. Here, since exterior signs persist, there is no sweat, and urination is difficult, the epigastric fullness and slight pain are due to retained fluid retention. Administer Guizhi Tang to resolve the exterior, adding Fuling and Baizhu to promote urination and move stagnant fluids.