俗呼砂仁
得诃子、鳖甲、白芜荑良。吴茱萸、青皮为使，入肝。白豆蔻、檀香为
使，入肺。人参、益智仁为使，入脾。黄柏、茯苓为使，入肾。赤白石脂为使，入大小肠。
辛，温。入手足太阴、阳明、足少阴经气分。醒脾胃通行结滞，引诸药归宿丹田。消食
安胎
，除腥秽，祛寒痰。治呕吐泻痢，胀痞腹痛，霍乱转筋，奔豚骨哽。配土狗一个等分，研和
酒服，治遍身肿满，阴器亦肿。配熟附子、干姜、浓朴、陈皮，治冷滑下痢不禁。
安胎，带壳炒熟研用。阴虚者，宜盐水浸透炒黑用。理肾气，熟地汁拌蒸用。痰膈胀满，
萝
卜汁浸透焙燥用。孕妇气虚，血热胎动，肺热咳嗽，气虚肿满，四者禁用。
辛，温。入足太阴经气分。能于土中益火，兼治下焦虚寒。开郁散结，温中进食，摄唾
涎，
缩小便。治冷气腹痛，呕吐泄泻，及心气不足，泄精崩带。得茯神、远志、甘草，治赤浊。
配乌药、山药，治溲数。配浓朴、姜、枣，治白浊腹满。同山药，补脾胃。
盐拌炒，去盐研用，或盐水炒亦可。怪症∶腹胀多时，忽泻不止，诸药不效，此气脱也。
用益智仁二两，煎浓汁服
之，立愈。
一名荜拨
辛，热。入手足阳明经气分，温中下气。散风寒，疗头痛。治水泻肠鸣呕逆，醋心牙痛，
鼻
渊、 癖、阴疝。得诃子、人参、肉桂、干姜，治虚冷肠鸣神效。配胡椒，化蜡丸麻子大，
治风虫牙痛。（每以一丸塞孔中。）配肉桂、良姜，治暴泄身冷。配大黄、麝香，治瘴气成块
。研末 鼻，随左右，治偏头风痛，及鼻流清涕，并擦牙疼。
去挺用头，以醋浸一宿，焙干，刮去皮粟子令净，乃用。如不制，令人伤肺。多用损耳
目，
泄真气，动脾火。
俗称为砂仁。
与诃子、鳖甲、白芜荑配伍效果良好。以吴茱萸、青皮为引经药，作用于肝经；以白豆蔻、檀香为引经药，作用于肺经；以人参、益智仁为引经药，作用于脾经；以黄柏、茯苓为引经药，作用于肾经；以赤石脂、白石脂为引经药，作用于大肠和小肠。
味辛，性温。归手太阴肺经、手阳明大肠经、足太阴脾经、足阳明胃经及足少阴肾经的气分。能醒脾开胃，通行气机结滞，引导诸药归于丹田（下腹部）。具有消食化积、安胎、去除腥秽气味、祛除寒痰的功效。用于治疗呕吐、腹泻痢疾、腹胀痞满腹痛、霍乱转筋（肌肉痉挛）、奔豚病（气从少腹上冲心胸）及骨鲠感。将本品与一只土狗（即蝼蛄）等量混合，研磨后兑酒服用，可治疗全身浮肿及阴器肿胀。与熟附子、干姜、厚朴、陈皮配伍，可治疗因冷邪导致的滑泄不禁之痢疾。
用于安胎时，需带壳炒熟后研碎使用。阴虚体质者，宜用盐水浸透后炒黑使用。用于调理肾气时，需用熟地黄汁拌蒸后使用。用于痰膈胀满时，需用萝卜汁浸透后焙干使用。孕妇若出现气虚、血热导致胎动不安、肺热咳嗽、气虚所致肿满这四种情况，禁用本品。
味辛，性温。归足太阴脾经的气分。能在脾胃中补益命门之火，兼治下焦虚寒。能开郁散结，温中增进食欲，收敛唾液，缩小便。用于治疗冷气腹痛、呕吐泄泻，以及心气不足导致的遗精、崩漏和带下病。与茯神、远志、甘草配伍，可治疗赤浊（尿色红赤浑浊）。与乌药、山药配伍，可治疗尿频。与厚朴、生姜、大枣配伍，可治疗白浊（尿液浑浊如米泔）及腹部胀满。与山药同用，可补益脾胃。
用盐拌炒，去盐后研碎使用，或者直接用盐水炒制亦可。怪症：腹胀日久，突然腹泻不止，各种药物无效，这是气脱证。用益智仁二两，煎煮成浓汁服用，立即痊愈。
又名荜拨。
味辛，性热。归手阳明大肠经、足阳明胃经的气分，能温中降逆。疏散风寒，治疗头痛。治疗水样腹泻、肠鸣、呕吐逆气、吞酸、牙痛、鼻渊（鼻窦炎）、癖块（胁下积块）及阴疝（睾丸肿痛）。与诃子、人参、肉桂、干姜配伍，治疗虚冷肠鸣有显著疗效。与胡椒配伍，制成如麻子大小的蜡丸，治疗风虫牙痛。（每次取一丸塞入患齿孔中。）与肉桂、高良姜配伍，治疗急性腹泻伴身体发冷。与大黄、麝香配伍，治疗瘴气形成的肿块。研成粉末吹入鼻腔，根据疼痛侧别左右交替使用，治疗偏头风痛及流清涕，也可擦牙治疗牙疼。
使用时去掉硬梗，只用头部，用醋浸泡一夜，焙干，刮去表面的颗粒状物使其洁净，然后使用。如果不经过炮制，会损伤肺部。多用会损害耳目，耗泄真气，扰动脾火。
Commonly known as Sha Ren (Amomum fruit).
It works well in combination with He Zi (Terminalia chebula fruit), Bie Jia (Tartar Testudinis), and Bai Wu Yi (Piperis longi fructus). With Wu Zhu Yu (Evodiae Fructus) and Qing Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride) as guiding herbs, it enters the Liver channel. With Bai Dou Kou (Amomi Fructus Rotundus) and Tan Xiang (Santalum Album Lignum) as guiding herbs, it enters the Lung channel. With Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) and Yi Zhi Ren (Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus) as guiding herbs, it enters the Spleen channel. With Huang Bo (Phellodendri Cortex) and Fu Ling (Poria) as guiding herbs, it enters the Kidney channel. With Chi Shi Zhi (Kaolinite) and Bai Shi Zhi (Halloysitum Rubrum et Album) as guiding herbs, it enters the Large Intestine and Small Intestine channels.
Acrid in flavor, warm in nature. It enters the Qi aspect of the Hand-Taiyin Lung, Hand-Yangming Large Intestine, Foot-Taiyin Spleen, Foot-Yangming Stomach, and Foot-Shaoyin Kidney meridians. It awakens the Spleen and Stomach, promotes the circulation of Qi to resolve stagnation, and guides various herbs to return to the Dantian (Lower Abdomen). It has the effects of digesting food, calming the fetus, removing fishy odors, and dispelling cold-phlegm. It is used to treat vomiting, diarrhea and dysentery, abdominal distension, fullness, pain, cholera with muscle cramps, Ben Tun disease (gas rushing from the lower abdomen to the chest), and a sensation of bone stuck in the throat. Mixed in equal parts with one Tu Gou (Mole Cricket), ground and taken with wine, it treats generalized edema and swelling of the genital organs. Combined with Shu Fu Zi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root), Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger), Hou Po (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex), and Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), it treats incontinence of loose stools due to cold.
For calming the fetus, use the shell-on fruit, stir-fry until cooked, and grind. For those with Yin deficiency, soak in salt water, stir-fry until blackened, and use. To regulate Kidney Qi, steam with juice of Shu Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata). For phlegm obstruction and abdominal fullness, soak in radish juice, bake until dry, and use. Contraindicated for pregnant women with Qi deficiency, blood heat causing fetal restlessness, lung heat causing cough, and Qi deficiency causing edema/fullness.
Acrid in flavor, warm in nature. Enters the Qi aspect of the Foot-Taiyin Spleen meridian. It can tonify Fire within the Earth (Spleen/Stomach) and simultaneously treat deficiency-cold of the Lower Jiao. It opens depression and dissipates nodules, warms the Middle Jiao to promote appetite, controls saliva, and reduces urination frequency. It treats abdominal pain due to cold qi, vomiting and diarrhea, as well as insufficient Heart Qi leading to spermatorrhea, metrorrhagia, and leukorrhea. Combined with Fu Shen (Poria with Hostwood), Yuan Zhi (Polygalae Radix), and Gan Cao (Licorice Root), it treats red turbid urine. Combined with Wu Yao (Linderae Radix) and Shan Yao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma), it treats frequent urination. Combined with Hou Po, Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger), and Da Zao (Jujubae Fructus), it treats white turbid urine and abdominal fullness. Used together with Shan Yao, it tonifies the Spleen and Stomach.
Stir-fry with salt, remove salt, and grind; or stir-fry directly with salt water. Strange condition: Long-standing abdominal distension suddenly followed by incessant diarrhea, unresponsive to other drugs, this is Qi collapse. Use two liang of Yi Zhi Ren, decoct into a concentrated liquid, and take orally; recovery is immediate.
Also known as Bi Bo (Long Pepper).
Acrid in flavor, hot in nature. Enters the Qi aspect of the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine and Foot-Yangming Stomach meridians. Warms the Middle Jiao and directs rebellious Qi downward. Disperses wind-cold, treats headache. Treats watery diarrhea, borborygmus, vomiting and regurgitation, acid reflux, toothache, bi yuan (sinusitis), pi masses (hypochondriac masses), and yin hernia. Combined with He Zi, Ren Shen, Rou Gui (Cinnamomi Cortex), and Gan Jiang, it is highly effective for treating intestinal borborygmus due to deficiency-cold. Combined with Hu Jiao (Piperis Nigris Fructus), made into wax pills the size of hemp seeds, it treats wind-worm toothache. (Insert one pill into the cavity each time.) Combined with Rou Gui and Liang Jiang (Galangal Rhizome), it treats acute diarrhea with cold limbs. Combined with Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) and She Xiang (Moschus), it treats masses formed by miasma. Grind into powder and insufflate into the nose, alternating left and right depending on the side, to treat hemi-cephalic wind pain, clear nasal discharge, and rub on teeth to treat toothache.
Remove the stalk, use only the head. Soak in vinegar overnight, bake dry, scrape off the granular surface until clean, then use. If not processed, it damages the Lungs. Overuse damages the eyes and ears, depletes true Qi, and stirs up Spleen fire.