即白占
甘，温。生肌止痛，止血接骨。得鲫鱼，治肠红。配合欢皮为膏，长肌肉。入凉血滋肾
药，疗尿血。入丸散，杀瘵
虫。
咸、酸、寒、涩。入大肠经气分。敛肺止血，收痰止汗，除泻敛疮。得盐梅，治小便尿
血。得乌梅，疗赤痢不止。
配五味子，止黄昏咳嗽。配蔓荆子，治风毒攻眼。配鲫鱼，治脏毒。
配白矾，治肠风下血。和荞麦面，治寐中盗汗。合全蝎，掺 耳。合黄丹，敷风眼赤烂。
合
腊茶叶末，搽阴囊湿疮。（加腻粉少许更好。）
或炒，或生用。
百药煎
即倍子酿过者
酸、咸、微甘。清肺化痰。（能聚周身顽痰于一处。）得槐花，治酒毒血痢。佐荆炭，治
大便下血。合生白矾末，油
调，搽小儿炼眉疮癣。
畏旋复花。
咸、甘、平。入足少阴、厥阴经。益精气，固肾阴，通五淋，止遗浊。得黄芩，治小便
不通。配人参、龙骨，疗虚
汗遗浊。佐马勃、犀角，治喉痛。酒炒，研，白汤下，治胎产遗溺，并疗血闭不通。
热浆浸一夜，炙黄用。若生用，令人泻。阴火盛者，用之反助火泄精。
恶桔梗、茯苓、茯神、萆 、桑螵蛸。
咸、辛、微温。有小毒。入手太阴、足厥阴经。平相火逆结之毒痰，治风热乘肝之恶疟，
祛皮肤风若虫行，疗风温
痰结口噤，治小儿惊疳，止妇人崩带。得生矾、枯矾、姜汁，治喉风。得姜汁，治一切风痰。
得葱、茶，治头风。得冰、
硼，治喉痹。（加牙硝更好。）配乌梅，治肠风下血。合蛇蜕，浴小儿肤如鳞甲。浸白马尿，
治腹内生龟。调皂角水，擦
牙虫。取僵直者为雄蚕，折断腹内黑而光亮者真。糯米泔浸去涎，漉起焙干，拭净黄白毛口
甲，炒研用。酒净炒亦可。
无风邪者禁用。
蚕茧
已出蚕蛾者
甘，温。烧灰酒服，出痈疽头，疗二便血。煮汁服，除蛔虫，疗反胃。
蚕退纸
甘，平。疗痘疹，祛目翳。入麝香，蜜和，敷疔毒口疮，疗热淋如血。酒水调服，
治邪祟，止崩带，除痢疾，祛肠风。
炒炭存性。
雄蚕蛾
咸，温。有小毒。气热。固精强阳。止尿血，敷诸疮。
去头、足、翅，制法同僵蚕。肾火盛者禁用。
蚕沙
制 砂、焰硝、粉霜。甘、辛，温。去风湿，熨痈缓。得醇酒，熨风痹。（酒三斗，
蚕沙五斗，蒸熟，铺席上令患者就卧，浓覆之取汗，令头面露出，以防昏闷。如不愈，间日
再如法治之，至愈而止。）合独活，治支节不遂。调麻油，敷烂弦风眼。
淘净晒干用。去风湿，酒拌炒用。
即白占。
味甘，性温。具有生肌止痛、止血接骨的功效。与鲫鱼配伍，可治疗肠红（便血）。配合欢皮制成膏剂，能促进肌肉生长。加入凉血滋肾的药物中，可治疗尿血。制成丸剂或散剂服用，能杀灭瘵虫（结核杆菌等消耗性疾病病原体）。
味咸、酸，性寒、涩。归大肠经气分。具有敛肺止血、收痰止汗、消除腹泻和收敛疮口的功效。与盐梅配伍，可治疗小便尿血。与乌梅配伍，可治疗赤痢（脓血便）不止。
与五味子配伍，可治疗黄昏时分的咳嗽。与蔓荆子配伍，可治疗风毒攻眼。与鲫鱼配伍，可治疗脏毒（肠道湿热毒邪）。
与白矾配伍，可治疗肠风下血（大便出血）。与荞麦面调和，可治疗睡梦中盗汗。与全蝎合用，掺入耳中。与黄丹合用，外敷治疗风眼赤烂（眼睑红肿溃烂）。
与腊茶叶末合用，搽涂阴囊湿疮。（加入少量腻粉效果更好。）
可以炒制使用，也可以生用。
百药煎
即由倍子发酵酿制而成。
味酸、咸，微甘。清肺化痰。（能将周身顽固的痰液聚集于一处排出。）与槐花配伍，可治疗酒毒引起的血痢。佐以荆芥炭，可治疗大便下血。与生白矾末混合，用油调匀，搽涂小儿炼眉疮癣。
畏旋复花。
味咸、甘，性平。归足少阴肾经、足厥阴肝经。有益精气、固护肾阴、通利五淋、止遗浊的功效。与黄芩配伍，可治疗小便不通。与人参、龙骨配伍，可治疗虚汗及遗浊。佐以马勃、犀角，可治疗喉痛。用酒炒后研末，白开水送服，可治疗胎产后的遗尿，并治疗血闭不通。
用热浆浸泡一夜，炙至黄色后使用。若生用，会导致腹泻。阴虚火旺者，使用反而助火泄精。
味咸、辛，微温。有小毒。入手太阴肺经、足厥阴肝经。能平抑相火逆结形成的毒痰，治疗风热乘袭肝脏引发的恶疟，祛除皮肤如虫行般的瘙痒，治疗风温痰结导致的口噤，治疗小儿惊疳，止住妇人崩漏带下。与生矾、枯矾、姜汁配伍，可治疗喉风。与姜汁配伍，可治疗一切风痰。
与葱、茶配伍，可治疗头风。与冰片、硼砂配伍，可治疗喉痹。（加入牙硝效果更好。）与乌梅配伍，可治疗肠风下血。与蛇蜕合用，洗浴可使小儿皮肤如鳞甲般粗糙的情况改善。浸于白马尿中，可治疗腹内生龟（一种寄生虫病）。用皂角水调和，擦牙可去牙虫。取身体僵直者为雄蚕，折断后腹部黑而光亮者为真品。用糯米泔水浸泡去除涎液，捞出焙干，拭净黄白色的毛和口甲，炒研后使用。用酒洗净炒制亦可。
无风邪者禁用。
蚕茧
已经孵化出蚕蛾的茧。
味甘，性温。烧成灰后用酒送服，可促使痈疽破溃排脓，治疗二便出血。煮汁服用，可驱除蛔虫，治疗反胃。
蚕退纸
味甘，性平。治疗痘疹，祛除目翳。加入麝香，用蜂蜜调和，外敷治疗疔毒口疮，治疗热淋如血。酒水调服，可治疗邪祟，止住崩漏带下，消除痢疾，祛除肠风。
炒炭存性使用。
雄蚕蛾
味咸，性温。有小毒。气热。具有固精强阳的功效。止尿血，外敷治疗各种疮疡。
去掉头、足、翅，炮制方法同僵蚕。肾火盛者禁用。
蚕沙
经过砂、焰硝、粉霜处理过的蚕沙。
味甘、辛，性温。祛风湿，熨烫痈肿缓解疼痛。与醇酒配伍，熨治风痹。（用三斗酒，五斗蚕沙，蒸熟后铺在席子上让患者躺卧，严密覆盖使其出汗，头部面部露出以防昏闷。如果未愈，隔日再按此法治疗，直到痊愈为止。）与独活合用，治疗四肢关节活动不利。调麻油，外敷治疗烂弦风眼。
淘洗干净晒干后使用。祛风湿时，用酒拌炒后使用。
Ji Baizhan (Beech Wax).
Sweet, warm. Promotes tissue regeneration and relieves pain; stops bleeding and unites fractures. Combined with crucian carp, treats intestinal redness (hematochezia). Formulated as a paste with *Paeonia suffruticosa* bark, promotes muscle growth. Added to blood-cooling and kidney-nourishing prescriptions, treats hematuria. Used in pills and powders, kills phthisis worms (pathogens of consumptive diseases such as tuberculosis).
Salty, sour, cold, astringent. Enters the Qi level of the Large Intestine channel. Astringes the Lung and stops bleeding; collects phlegm and stops sweating; eliminates diarrhea and astringes sores. Combined with salted plum, treats hematuria. Combined with dark plum (*Mume Fructus*), treats persistent dysentery with pus and blood.
Combined with Schisandra berry, stops evening cough. Combined with Vitex fruit, treats wind-toxicity attacking the eyes. Combined with crucian carp, treats visceral toxicity (intestinal damp-heat toxin).
Combined with alum, treats wind in the intestines with lower bleeding (hematochezia). Mixed with buckwheat flour, treats night sweats during sleep. Combined with scorpion, applied into the ear. Combined with lead oxide, applied externally for wind-eye redness and ulceration.
Combined with dried tea leaves from the twelfth lunar month, applied to damp sores on the scrotum. (Adding a small amount of calomel is better.)
Can be stir-fried or used raw.
Baiyao Jian (Hundred Medicines Decoction)
Also known as fermented gallnut.
Sour, salty, slightly sweet. Clears the Lung and transforms phlegm. (Able to gather stubborn phlegm throughout the body into one location for expulsion.) Combined with sophora flower, treats bloody dysentery caused by alcohol toxicity. Assisted by charred shepherd's purse herb, treats lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Combined with raw alum powder, mixed with oil, applied to infant eyebrow crusts and tinea.
Incompatible with Inula flower.
Salty, sweet, neutral. Enters the Foot Shaoyin (Kidney) and Foot Jueyin (Liver) channels. Benefits essence and qi, secures Kidney Yin, unblocks five types of strangury, stops turbid urination. Combined with Scutellaria root, treats urinary retention. Paired with Ginseng and dragon bone, treats deficiency sweating and turbid urination. Assisted by Pseudobulbus Belamcandae and rhinoceros horn, treats sore throat. Wine-fried, ground into powder, taken with plain water, treats postpartum enuresis and blood obstruction.
Soaked in hot starch water overnight, then roasted until yellow before use. If used raw, it causes diarrhea. Those with flourishing yin-fire will find it exacerbates fire and leaks essence.
Avoid: Platycodon root, Poria, Poria with pine roots, Dioscorea hypoglauca, and Mantis egg case.
Salty, pungent, slightly warm. Slightly toxic. Enters the Hand Taiyin (Lung) and Foot Jueyin (Liver) channels. Calms toxic phlegm formed by rebellious ministerial fire, treats severe malaria caused by wind-heat invading the Liver, dispels skin itching like insects crawling, treats mouth lock due to wind-warmth phlegm binding, treats pediatric convulsive malnutrition, stops leukorrhea and metrorrhagia in women. Combined with raw alum, calcined alum, and ginger juice, treats wind in the throat. Combined with ginger juice, treats all types of wind-phlegm.
Combined with green onion and tea, treats cephalalgia due to wind. Combined with borneol and borax, treats throat bi-obstruction. (Adding saltpeter is better.) Paired with dark plum, treats wind in the intestines with lower bleeding. Combined with snake slough, bathing helps improve scaly skin in infants. Soaked in white horse urine, treats abdominal "turtle" parasites. Mixed with soapberry water, rubbed on teeth to remove dental worms. The stiff ones are male silkworms; those that break open to reveal a black, shiny interior are authentic. Soak in rice washing water to remove saliva, drain, roast dry, wipe off yellow-white hairs and mouth parts, stir-fry and grind for use. Washing with wine and stir-frying is also acceptable.
Contraindicated in cases without wind-pathogen.
Can Cocoon
Those already hatched into moths.
Sweet, warm. Burned to ash and taken with wine, promotes drainage of carbuncles and ulcers, treats bleeding from both bowels and bladder. Boiled and drunk, expels roundworms, treats retroflexion vomiting.
Can Tui Zhi (Silkworm Cast Skin Paper)
Sweet, neutral. Treats smallpox and chickenpox, removes corneal opacity. Mixed with musk and honey, applied externally for carbuncle toxins and mouth sores, treats heat-strangury resembling blood. Mixed with wine and water, ingested, treats evil influences, stops metrorrhagia and leukorrhea, eliminates dysentery, dispels wind in the intestines.
Charred retaining its nature.
Male Silkworm Moth
Salty, warm. Slightly toxic. Hot in nature. Secures essence and strengthens yang. Stops hematuria, applied externally for various sores.
Remove head, legs, and wings. Processing method same as *Bombyx Batryticatus*. Contraindicated in cases of flourishing Kidney fire.
Can Sha (Silkworm Feces)
Processed with sand, saltpeter, and calomel.
Sweet, pungent, warm. Dispels wind-dampness, applies heat to soothe carbuncles. Combined with pure wine, applies heat to treat wind-bi obstruction. (Use three dou of wine and five dou of silkworm feces, steam thoroughly, spread on a mat for the patient to lie on, cover thickly to induce sweating, keeping the head and face exposed to prevent fainting. If not cured, repeat every other day using the same method until cured.) Combined with Angelica pubescens, treats inability to move limbs and joints. Mixed with sesame oil, applied for marginal blepharitis.
Washed clean and sun-dried for use. For dispelling wind-dampness, mix with wine and stir-fry before use.