陈紫山曰∶五色多在面，吉凶要观形。红赤多积热，风生肝胆惊。面黄多食积，唇白是寒侵。青黑眉间出，黄梁
梦里人。五声由肺出，肺绝哭无声。气短咽喉塞，喘多医者惊。哑声热不退，腹痛冷相侵。听罢知虚实，存知在耳鸣。
小儿无脉诊，吉凶虎口凭。
涂蔚生曰∶存知在耳鸣一句难解，当缺以待考。小儿除生仅数月，脉微难诊外，余俱有脉可凭，未可谓之为无脉
可诊。而风气命三关，究为视病之所，亦不能执虎口以为凭断者也。
陈紫山曰？面部气色为十二经总现之处，而五位色青者，惊积不散，欲发风候；五位色红者，伤寒痰积壅盛，惊
悸不安；五位色黄者，食积 瘕，疳候痞癖；五位色白者，脉气不实，滑泻吐痢；五位色黑者，脏腑欲绝，为疾危恶
候。面青眼青，肝之病也；面赤唇红，心之病也；面黄鼻黄，脾之病也；面颊白色，肺之病也。五脏各有所生，细探其
色，即知其表里虚实，禀赋盈亏。其补泻寒热之法，诚大彰明较着者也。
涂蔚生曰∶此节名为讲求五位之病，而五位中之肾部承浆一
位，偏未列入。未知是作者故意删去，抑是印者遗失。至其上节所谓唇白是寒侵，亦尚未妥，因唇白之人，多系
血虚也。
陈紫山曰∶凡视小儿神气目色有五∶一视目色，二听声音，三视囟门，四视形容，五视毛发。此五者，虽不能
全，若得两目精神，声音响亮，十可保其六七耳。视目色；夫两目乃六脏精华所聚，一身精华所萃；若是睛珠黑光
满轮，精神明快，儿必长寿；虽然加病，亦易全愈。若白珠多，黑珠昏朦，睛珠或黄或小，精神昏懒，此父母先天
之气血薄弱，受禀既亏，儿多灾患也。
听声音∶凡小儿声音大而响亮，乃六脏六腑气血充盈，儿必易长成人。如生来不曾大声啼哭，此必有一脏阴窍
之未通，神气之未足，或声如啾唧咿唔之状，此儿必不寿矣。
视囟门∶盖儿前囟门乃禀母血而充，后囟门乃受父精而实。若前后囟门充实，其儿必寿。如父之精气不足，耽
嗜酒色，令儿后囟空虚不实。如母之原禀不足，血虚病多，令儿前囟虚软不坚，好生疾病。如父母气血俱不足，其
儿必夭。若此，则父母不能保其天年耳。前囟即道家所谓泥丸宫，后囟即脑后顶门中，名曰百会。前后囟门俱不合，
名曰解颅。
视形容∶凡儿口大鼻端，眉清目秀，五岳相朝，部位相等，此乃福寿之基，一生无疾。若口小鼻短，眉心促绉，
皮肤涩滞，虽无病而终夭；设或不夭，而终贫贱也。
视毛发∶夫毛发受父母血而成，故名血余也。母血充实，儿发则色黑而光润；母血虚弱，或胎漏败堕，或纵酒
多淫，儿发必黄槁焦枯，或生疳瘦之患，寿亦不长之兆也。
陈紫山说：面部的五色主要反映在面部，吉凶要看形态。面色红赤多因体内积热，易生风邪导致肝胆惊悸。面色发黄多因饮食积滞，嘴唇发白是寒邪侵袭所致。青色和黑色出现在眉间，预示此人如黄粱一梦般虚幻或病重垂危。五种声音由肺发出，肺气衰竭时哭泣无声。气短且咽喉堵塞，喘息严重令医者惊恐。声音嘶哑且发热不退，腹痛则是冷邪侵袭。听完声音可知虚实，听到耳鸣说明肾气存留与否。小儿无法进行脉诊，吉凶判断依靠观察虎口。
涂蔚生说：“存知在耳鸣”这一句难以理解，应当保留空缺以待考证。小儿除了出生仅几个月、脉搏微弱难以诊断外，其余情况都有脉象可凭依，不能说是没有脉象可诊。而通过观察风气命三关来诊断疾病，确实是视诊的重要部位，但不能仅仅依靠虎口来判断断症。
陈紫山说：面部的色泽是十二经脉气血总体显现的地方。如果五位的颜色发青，表示惊积不散，即将发作风证；五位颜色发红，表示伤寒痰积壅盛，惊悸不安；五位颜色发黄，表示食积、瘕块、疳证及痞癖；五位颜色发白，表示脉气不实，出现滑泻、呕吐、痢疾；五位颜色发黑，表示脏腑功能欲绝，属于疾病危重的恶候。面色青、眼珠青，是肝脏的疾病；面色赤、嘴唇红，是心脏的疾病；面色黄、鼻头黄，是脾脏的疾病；面颊白色，是肺脏的疾病。五脏各有其对应的表现，仔细探究其色泽，就能知道表里虚实以及禀赋的盈亏。其补泻寒热的治疗方法，确实是非常明显清楚的。
涂蔚生说：这一节名为探讨五位之病，但五位中的肾部承浆一位，偏偏没有列入。不知道是作者故意删去，还是印刷者遗失。至于上一节所说的“唇白是寒侵”，也不够妥当，因为嘴唇发白的人，大多属于血虚。
陈紫山说：凡是观察小儿的神气和目色有五种方法：一是观察目色，二是听声音，三是观察囟门，四是观察形体容貌，五是观察毛发。这五项虽然不能全部具备，但如果能得到两目的精神明亮、声音响亮，十成病情可以保全六七成。观察目色：两目是六脏精华汇聚之处，也是全身精华萃集之地。如果黑眼球（睛珠）黑光充满整个眼轮，精神明快，孩子必定长寿；即使生病，也容易痊愈。如果白眼球多，黑眼球昏暗朦胧，黑眼球或黄或小，精神昏沉懒惰，这是父母先天气血薄弱，禀受亏损，孩子多有灾患。
听声音：凡是小儿声音大而响亮，说明六脏六腑气血充盈，孩子必定容易长大成人。如果出生以来不曾大声啼哭，这必然有一脏阴窍未通，神气不足，或者声音像啾唧咿唔那样细微，这个孩子必定不长寿。
观察囟门：小儿前囟门是禀受母血而充盈，后囟门是接受父精而坚实。如果前后囟门充实，孩子必定长寿。如果父亲精气不足，沉迷酒色，导致孩子后囟空虚不实。如果母亲原禀不足，血虚多病，导致孩子前囟虚软不坚，容易生疾病。如果父母气血都不足，孩子必定夭折。如果是这样，就是父母不能保全孩子的天年。前囟即道家所谓的泥丸宫，后囟即脑后顶门中，名叫百会穴。前后囟门都不闭合，名叫解颅。
观察形体容貌：凡是孩子口大鼻端正，眉毛清秀眼睛明亮，五官如五岳相朝，部位比例相等，这是福寿的基础，一生无病。如果口小鼻短，眉心紧凑皱缩，皮肤涩滞，即使没有病也会最终夭折；假设不夭折，最终也会贫贱。
观察毛发：毛发由父母的血液生成，所以名叫血余。母亲血液充实，孩子的头发就色黑而光润；母亲血液虚弱，或有胎漏流产，或纵欲酗酒，孩子的头发必定黄枯焦干，或者生出疳瘦的病患，这也是寿命不长的征兆。
Chen Zishan said: The five colors (Red, Yellow, Blue/Green, White, Black) are mostly manifested on the face; auspiciousness or inauspiciousness must be observed through physical form. Red and crimson complexions indicate accumulated heat, predisposing to wind generation and liver-gallbladder fright. A yellow complexion indicates food stagnation; white lips signify cold invasion. Blue/green and black colors appearing between the eyebrows suggest a person like a dream of millet (illusive or critically ill). The five vocalizations originate from the Lungs; when Lung Qi is exhausted, crying is silent. Shortness of breath with throat obstruction and severe wheezing startle the physician. Hoarseness with persistent fever, and abdominal pain due to cold invasion, allow one to know deficiency and excess after listening; the presence of tinnitus indicates the status of Kidney Qi. For infants, pulse diagnosis is not feasible; auspiciousness or inauspiciousness relies on observing the Tiger's Mouth area.
Tu Weisheng stated: The phrase "tinnitus indicates the status of Kidney Qi" is difficult to interpret and should be left blank for further verification. Except for infants only a few months old, whose pulses are faint and difficult to diagnose, all others have pulses to rely upon; it cannot be said that there is no pulse for diagnosis. While observing the Wind, Qi, and Life gates (on the infant's finger) is indeed a method for visual diagnosis, one cannot solely rely on the Tiger's Mouth area for judgment.
Chen Zishan said: Facial complexion is where the Qi and blood of the twelve meridians generally manifest. If the color at the Five Positions is blue/green, it indicates unresolved fright and food stagnation, predisposing to wind syndromes; if red, it indicates abundant phlegm and food stagnation from cold damage, with fright and palpitations; if yellow, it indicates food stagnation, masses (Jia), rickets (Gan), and fullness/masses (Pi Pi); if white, it indicates deficient pulse Qi, with slippery diarrhea, vomiting, and dysentery; if black, it indicates impending exhaustion of the Zang-Fu organs, representing a critical and ominous prognosis. Cyan face with cyan eyes indicates Liver disease; red face with red lips indicates Heart disease; yellow face with yellow nose indicates Spleen disease; white cheeks indicate Lung disease. Each Zang organ has its specific manifestations; by carefully exploring the colors, one can know the exterior-interior, deficiency-excess, and the adequacy or insufficiency of innate constitution. The methods of tonification, purgation, warming, and clearing are indeed very clear and obvious.
Tu Weisheng stated: This section is titled "Discussing Diseases of the Five Positions," yet the position of Chengjiang (Ren-24) belonging to the Kidney among the five positions is omitted. It is unknown whether this was intentionally deleted by the author or lost during printing. Furthermore, the previous statement "white lips signify cold invasion" is not entirely appropriate, as people with white lips mostly suffer from Blood deficiency.
Chen Zishan said: There are five aspects to observing an infant's Shen (Spirit) and eye color: first, observe eye color; second, listen to the voice; third, observe the fontanelles; fourth, observe the physical appearance; fifth, observe the hair. Although these five cannot always be fully assessed, if the eyes show spirit and the voice is loud, six or seven out of ten cases can be saved. Observing eye color: The two eyes are the gathering place of the essence of the six Fu organs and the culmination of the whole body's essence. If the black pupil (Jing Zhu) is bright and fills the entire eye, and the spirit is clear, the child will likely live long; even if sick, recovery will be easy. If the sclera is prominent, the pupil is dim and hazy, or the pupil is yellow or small, and the spirit is dull and lethargic, this indicates weak innate Qi and blood from parents, insufficient endowment, and the child will likely suffer many disasters.
Listening to voice: If an infant's voice is loud and resonant, it indicates abundant Qi and blood in the six Fu and Zang organs, and the child will likely grow up healthy. If the infant never cries loudly since birth, it implies that one of the Yin orifices of a Zang organ is not open, or Shen Qi is insufficient. If the voice sounds like chirping or mumbling, the child will likely not live long.
Observing fontanelles: The anterior fontanelle of an infant is filled by maternal blood, and the posterior fontanelle is solidified by paternal essence. If both fontanelles are full and firm, the child will likely live long. If paternal essence and Qi are insufficient due to indulgence in alcohol and sex, the child's posterior fontanelle may be empty and soft. If maternal endowment is insufficient due to Blood deficiency and frequent illness, the child's anterior fontanelle may be soft and not firm, prone to diseases. If both parental Qi and Blood are insufficient, the child will likely die young. In such cases, the parents fail to protect the child's natural lifespan. The anterior fontanelle is referred to as the Niwan Palace in Daoism; the posterior fontanelle is located at the top of the back of the head, named Baihui (GV-20). If both fontanelles do not close, it is called Jie Lu (splayed skull).
Observing physical appearance: If a child has a large mouth, straight nose, clear eyebrows, bright eyes, features resembling the Five Mountains facing each other, and proportional features, this is the foundation of fortune and longevity, indicating a life free from disease. If the mouth is small, nose short, brows tight and wrinkled, and skin rough, the child may die young even without illness; if they survive, they may end up poor and low-status.
Observing hair: Hair is formed from parental blood, hence named "Blood Remainder." If maternal blood is sufficient, the child's hair will be black and lustrous; if maternal blood is weak, or due to fetal leakage/miscarriage, or excessive drinking and lust, the child's hair will be yellow, dry, and brittle, or prone to Gan emaciation syndrome, which is also a sign of short lifespan.