陈紫山曰∶大抵疳之为病，皆因过餐饮食。于脾家一脏，有积不治，传之余脏，而成五疳之疾。若脾家病去，
则余脏皆安。苟失其治，日久必有传变，而成不救之症。可不慎哉！
治法∶推三关，六腑，脾土，运八卦，大肠，五经纹，心经，清天河水，运水入土，板门。
陈紫山曰∶儿患积症，皆因哺乳不节，过餐生冷坚硬之物，脾胃不能克化，积滞中脘，外为风寒所袭，或因夜
卧失盖。致头疼面黄，身热眼胞微肿，肚腹膨胀，足冷肚热，喜睡神昏、不思饮食，或吐或哕，口吐酸气，大便腥
臭。此为陈积所伤，先宜发表，后宜攻积。
治法∶推三关，六腑，多补脾土，掐四横纹，补肾水，分阴阳，掐大肠，揉板门，运八卦，（退艮重。）二扇门，
天门入虎口。
发热腹痛，宜推水底捞明月。大便秘结，多推六腑，四横纹，揉掐肾水。腹痛泄泻，掐一窝风，揉脐及龟尾。
陈紫山曰∶夫痞与否同不通一也。小儿乳哺不节，久停于脾，不能克化，结成痞。痞癖突于胁下，或左或右，
俗云龟劳。其疾
皆因积滞蕴作，致有寒热，肚腹疼痛，昼凉夜热。气实者先攻其痞，后投补益。气虚者，先与调固脾胃，神色
稍正，饮食多进，后宜攻之。若面黄唇白，发焦肌瘦，乃为虚极，不可轻下，乃徐徐调理为上。
治法∶推三关，脾土，大肠，肺经，四横纹，板门，向导，清肾水，运五经纹，运八卦，小天心，黄蜂出洞，
赤凤摇头，久揉脾土。
涂蔚生曰∶痞与块异。痞是中焦循行油膜之气滞也。中焦循行油膜之气滞，则营运上下之气皆滞，而循行油膜
之血，亦因之而滞矣。故外感风寒久不解，其风寒邪气，每易循外油膜，以入内油膜，发生痞积等症。块是先有行
之血滞，而后累及于气滞者也。古人有 瘕之名，谓 为常聚不散，血多气少，气不胜血，故不散，或纯是血质，
或血中裹水。瘕为或聚或散，气为血滞，则聚而成形，血随气散，则没而不见。实则亦即痞块之换相也，不可因其
名称岐异。而人每觉痞块与 瘕相悬殊耳。若夫食积，则是纯粹由于饮食积滞，而累及于原有之气血周流者也。
故治痞之法，宜疏气以行血，治块之法，宜攻血以行气。治积之法，则宜消食以行滞，至其现时行状若何，则又宜
随体质之强弱，而纳补益寒热之味，于公导消散之中者也。
陈紫山说：大抵疳疾这种病，都是由于饮食过量引起的。病变主要在于脾脏这一脏，如果有积滞不治疗，就会传变到其他脏腑，从而形成五疳之疾。如果脾脏的疾病得到治愈，那么其他脏腑也就安宁了。倘若失去治疗，日久必然发生传变，成为无法救治的病症。怎能不谨慎呢！
治疗方法：推三关，退六腑，补脾土，运八卦，清大肠，推五经纹，清心经，清天河水，运水入土，推板门。
陈紫山说：小儿患积症，都是因为哺乳没有节制，吃了过多的生冷坚硬食物，脾胃不能消化，导致积滞停留在中脘部位，外部又受到风寒侵袭，或者因为夜间睡觉没有盖好被子。导致头痛、面色发黄、身体发热、眼睑微肿、肚腹膨胀、脚冷肚子热、喜欢睡觉且神志昏沉、不想吃东西，或者呕吐或干哕、口中吐出酸气、大便腥臭。这是陈旧积滞所导致的伤害，应当先宜解表散邪，后宜攻逐积滞。
治疗方法：推三关，退六腑，多补脾土，掐四横纹，补肾水，分阴阳，掐大肠，揉板门，运八卦（退艮卦为重），推二扇门，天门入虎口。
若发热腹痛，适宜推水底捞明月。大便秘结，多推六腑，推四横纹，揉掐肾水。腹痛泄泻，掐一窝风，揉脐部及龟尾穴。
陈紫山说：痞证与“否”字相通，意思都是不通畅。小儿乳食喂养不节制，久停于脾，不能消化，结成痞块。痞癖突起在胁下，或在左边，或在右边，俗称为龟劳。这种病都是因为积滞蕴结发作，导致有寒热往来、肚腹疼痛，白天凉晚上热。气实的人，先攻逐痞块，后投用补益药物。气虚的人，先用调固脾胃的方法，待神色稍正，饮食增多后，再行攻逐。如果面色黄、嘴唇白、头发焦枯、肌肉消瘦，这是极度虚弱，不可轻易使用攻下法，徐徐调理才是上策。
治疗方法：推三关，补脾土，清大肠，清肺经，推四横纹，推板门，向导手法，清肾水，运五经纹，运八卦，揉小天心，黄蜂出洞，赤凤摇头，久揉脾土。
涂蔚生说：痞与块是不同的。痞是中焦循行油膜之气机阻滞。中焦循行油膜之气机阻滞，那么运行上下全身的气都阻滞，而循行油膜的血液，也因此而阻滞。所以外感风寒久久不解，其风寒邪气，往往容易顺着外油膜，进入内油膜，发生痞积等症。块是先有运行的血液阻滞，而后累及到气机阻滞。古人有“瘕”的名称，谓“癥”为常聚不散，血多气少，气不胜血，所以不散，或者是纯是血质，或者是血中包裹着水。“瘕”是或聚或散，气被血阻滞，则聚而成形，血随着气散，则消失不见。实际上也就是痞和块的相互转化，不要因为名称不同，就觉得痞块与癥瘕相差悬殊。至于食积，则是纯粹由于饮食积滞，而累及到原有的气血周流。所以治疗痞的方法，适宜疏理气机以推动血液运行；治疗块的方法，适宜攻逐瘀血以推动气机运行；治疗积的方法，适宜消食导滞以推动停滞。至于目前的具体表现如何，则又适宜根据体质的强弱，在公导消散之中纳入补益或寒热的药味进行调理。
Chen Zishan stated: Generally speaking, the disease of Gan (Infantile Malnutrition) is caused by overeating. The pathology primarily resides in the Spleen; if accumulation is not treated, it transmits to other Zang organs, resulting in the five types of Gan diseases. If the Spleen's pathology is resolved, the other Zang organs will be at peace. However, if treatment is neglected, transmission will inevitably occur over time, leading to incurable conditions. How can one not be cautious!
Treatment methods: Push San Guan (Three Passages), Tui Liu Fu (Pushing the Six Fu Organs/Bone clearing technique), Bu Pi Tu (Tonifying Spleen Earth), Yun Ba Gua (Moving the Eight Trigrams), Qing Da Chang (Clearing Large Intestine), Tui Wu Jing Wen (Pushing the Five Finger Lines), Qing Xin Jing (Clearing Heart Meridian), Qing Tian He Shui (Clearing Heavenly River Water), Yun Shui Ru Tu (Moving Water into Earth), Tui Ban Men (Pushing Ban Men).
Chen Zishan stated: Children suffering from Ji Syndrome (Accumulation Disorder) are usually due to unregulated breastfeeding or consuming excessive amounts of cold, raw, hard, and solid foods. The Spleen and Stomach fail to digest them, causing stagnation in the Zhong Wan (Middle Jiao/Epigastrium). Externally, they may be attacked by Wind-Cold, or they may have slept without adequate covering at night. This leads to headache, yellowish complexion, fever, slightly swollen eyelids, abdominal distension, cold feet but a hot abdomen, excessive sleepiness with lethargy, loss of appetite, vomiting or dry heaving, sour breath, and foul-smelling stools. This injury is caused by chronic accumulation. Initially, one should release the exterior, followed by attacking the accumulation.
Treatment methods: Push San Guan, Tui Liu Fu, Tonify Pi Tu (Spleen Earth) extensively, Qia Si Heng Wen (Pinching the Four Horizontal Lines), Bu Shen Shui (Tonifying Kidney Water), Fen Yin Yang (Dividing Yin and Yang), Qia Da Chang (Pinching Large Intestine), Rou Ban Men (Kneading Ban Men), Yun Ba Gua (Moving the Eight Trigrams, emphasizing the retreat of Gen), Tui Er Shan Men (Pushing Two Doors), Tian Men Ru Hu Kou (Heavenly Gate Entering Tiger's Mouth).
For fever accompanied by abdominal pain, Shui Di Lao Ming Yue (Fishing for the Bright Moon at the Bottom of the Water) is suitable. For constipation, push Liu Fu extensively, push Si Heng Wen, and knead-pin Shen Shui. For abdominal pain with diarrhea, pinch Yi Wo Feng (One Nest of Wind), and knead the Umbilicus and Gui Wei (Turtle Tail acupoint).
Chen Zishan stated: Pi (Distension/Blockage) shares the same meaning as "Pi" (Obstruction), indicating blockage. In children, irregular feeding causes food to stagnate in the Spleen, failing to digest, thus forming Pi masses. These Pi masses protrude under the hypochondrium, either on the left or right, commonly known as Gui Lao (Turtle Labor). This disease arises from accumulated stagnation fermenting, causing alternating chills and fever, abdominal pain, coolness during the day and heat at night. For those with excess Qi, first attack the Pi mass, then administer tonics. For those with deficient Qi, first regulate and consolidate the Spleen and Stomach; once their spirit and color improve and food intake increases, then proceed to attack. If the face is yellow, lips white, hair brittle, and muscles emaciated, this indicates extreme deficiency; gentle purgatives should not be used lightly. Gradual regulation is the superior approach.
Treatment methods: Push San Guan, Tonify Pi Tu, Clear Da Chang, Clear Fei Jing (Lung Meridian), Push Si Heng Wen, Push Ban Men, Xiang Dao (Guiding Hand technique), Clear Shen Shui, Yun Wu Jing Wen (Moving the Five Finger Lines), Yun Ba Gua, Rou Xiao Tian Xin (Kneading Little Heavenly Heart), Huang Feng Chu Dong (Yellow Bee Leaving the Hive), Chi Feng Yao Tou (Red Phoenix Shaking Head), and long-term kneading of Pi Tu.
Tu Weisheng stated: Pi differs from Kuai (Mass/Lump). Pi refers to Qi stagnation in the oily membranes circulating in the Middle Jiao. When Qi stagnates in these membranes, the Qi circulating throughout the upper and lower body also stagnates, and consequently, the blood within these membranes stagnates as well. Therefore, when external Wind-Cold persists unresolved, the pathogenic factors often follow the outer oily membranes to enter the inner oily membranes, giving rise to Pi and accumulation disorders. Kuai begins with Blood stagnation in circulation, which subsequently affects Qi stagnation. The ancients referred to "Zheng" (Fixed Mass) as something that gathers and does not disperse, characterized by abundant Blood and deficient Qi, where Qi cannot overcome Blood, so it remains fixed; it may consist purely of blood substance or water trapped within blood. "Jia" (Wandering Mass) gathers and disperses intermittently; when Qi is obstructed by Blood, it forms a shape; when Blood disperses with Qi, it disappears. Essentially, Zheng and Jia are transformations of Pi and Kuai; one should not feel that Pi/Kuai and Zheng/Jia are vastly different merely due to distinct names. As for Shi Ji (Food Accumulation), it stems purely from dietary stagnation affecting the normal circulation of original Qi and Blood. Thus, treating Pi requires regulating Qi to move Blood; treating Kuai requires attacking Blood to move Qi; treating Shi Ji requires resolving food to move stagnation. Regarding current manifestations, one must adjust by incorporating tonifying or cooling/warming substances according to the patient's constitutional strength, amidst the general guidance of dispersion and resolution.