夫伤暑者。乃夏至前后各三十日有奇。少阳相火用事之时也。炎热大行。烁石流金。草
萎河涸。人或伤之则发热自汗。面垢背寒。倦怠少气。以暑消气。气消血散。与伤寒相类。
此是夏间即病。非冬伤寒至夏发为热病也。当以脉别之。伤暑脉虚无力。盖因气血消散。致
血虚弱。伤寒则血泣而闭。脉紧而有力。大不同也。伤暑病者。身热恶寒头痛。或往来寒热
如疟。烦躁渴甚。眩晕。呕吐泄泻。昏闷不清。其脉阴阳俱虚。缓而微弱。皆由伤暑之所致
也。暑者六经气之一。能与风湿并合为病。循经流入诸脏。但与寒不相得。故有暑湿风温之
证。暑湿者。恶寒反热自汗。关节尽痛。头目昏眩。手足倦怠。不自胜持。此并伤暑湿所致
也。风温者。头痛身热常汗出。体重喘息。四肢不收。嘿嘿欲眠。此由先伤风后伤暑所致也。
风湿温病者。烦渴引饮。心腹冷痛。燥闷。口干面垢。恶寒风。饥不能食。眩晕呕哕。此伏
暑中风湿所致也。中暑所以脉虚者。盖热伤气。而不伤形也。且暑者在天为热。在地为火。
在人脏为心。是以暑喜伤心。令人身热头痛。状类伤寒。但背恶寒面垢。此为异耳。甚则昏
闷不知人事。手足微冷。烦渴口噤。或吐或泻。或喘或满。此皆暑气所为也。暑气入肝则眩
晕顽痹。入脾则昏睡不觉。入肺则喘满痿痹。入肾则消渴。小便不利。若发其汗则恶寒甚。
加温针则发热甚。下之则淋甚。伤暑中 其实一病。但轻重不同耳。中暑背寒面垢。其面如
涂油。类纂云。面垢者阳证也。一名面尘。若尘埃之着面。手足微冷。烦渴口燥。但觉倦怠。
四肢却不痛重。其脉微弱。按之无力。白虎汤主之。痰逆恶寒者。橘皮汤主之。不恶寒者。
竹叶汤主之。头痛恶心。烦躁。心下不快者。五苓散最妙。
问中暑何故洒洒然毛耸恶寒。答曰。经云。四时八风之中人也。因有寒暑。寒则皮肤急。
腠理闭。暑则皮肤缓。腠理开。则洒然寒。闭则热而闷。近人多不明中暑。或作热病法治之。
复用温热药。必致发黄斑出。更为蓄血。尤宜戒之。
四时之内。惟夏一季是人脱精神之时。最难调摄。心旺肾衰。肾化为水。至秋渐凝。及
冬始坚。当此之际。正宜温药补助。饮食亦当稍热。饮冷食生皆致病之因也。况暑毒多从口
鼻入。凝于牙甲。远行作劳人。遇止息须嗽口勿咽。如觉入咽宁呕去之。盖夏月伏阴在内。
肠胃冷滑易于伤动。暑毒一入。遍于五脏六腑。为病最急。夏月小有感冒。无问风寒暑湿。
头痛寒热。烦躁昏闷。霍乱疟痢。皆当先服五苓散。然后随证以他药主之。其实猪苓、茯苓
利水道。白术、肉桂有实表之功。若用以治病无有不愈。其或正当隆暑之时。无病以五苓散
例为夏间常服之药。但知可以解暑除烦。而不知内有泽泻最能伐人肾气。肾者人之根本。当
根本不充之时。轻进是药。将以为利适以为害。可不谨哉。琐碎录云。隔年五苓散不可服。
服之杀人。良以此也。
一时昏中者。切不可便与冷水。并卧湿地。上法当以热汤先灌。及用布衣蘸热汤熨脐下
及气海。续续以汤淋布上。令暖气透彻脐腹。候其苏省。以温热水化苏合香丸灌之。进以黄
连香薷散、五苓散。若体虚者冷香饮子。霍乱吐泻来复丹。二气丹。夹食则用胃苓汤。若挟
风则其脉沉而浮。证有搐搦。当于黄连香薷散内加羌活煎服。却不可作惊痫治之。多致不救。
若
并生姜或蒜各一块嚼烂。以汤送下立醒。或生葱一二茎亦可。或灸两乳头各七壮。或令人口
嘘心前。令热汤人嘘。皆备急之法也。夏月炎热。人冒涉途路。热毒入内与五脏相并。客邪
炽盛郁瘀不宣。致阴气卒绝。阳气暴壅。经络不通。故奄然闷绝谓之 。然此乃外邪所击
真脏未坏。若便遇救疗。气宣则苏也。夫热 不得太冷将息。得冷即困。此谓外卒以冷触
其热。热毒蕴积于内。不得宣发。故闷绝而死也。
方
御爱姜苏丸（出传信适用方）治中暑恶心头疼。烦躁。生津止渴。
紫苏叶（五两拣净） 乌头肉（二两切炒） 甘草（生三分） 桂心（半两去粗皮） 香
薷叶（半两拣净） 生姜（切洗焙干一分） 木瓜（干者二两生去皮瓤切焙） 檀香（半两
锉屑） 上为细末
缩脾饮（一名香薷缩脾饮出和剂方）治解伏热。除烦渴。消暑毒。饮食生冷
过
多。致霍乱吐泻者。吐利霍乱后服热药太多。致烦躁者。并宜服之。
缩砂仁 草果仁（煨去皮） 乌梅肉（净） 粉草（炙各四两） 白扁豆（炒去皮） 干
葛（各
二两锉） 上 咀。每服四钱。水一大碗。煎至八分去滓。以水浸冷。旋旋服。以解烦。欲
热欲温任意。高年人加附子二两。煎如前法。暑月以此代熟水饮之极妙。名增损缩脾饮。一
方用干姜炮一两。 咀煎。澄清汁服。治脾弱胃寒不思饮食。口舌干燥。不生津液。功效如
神。一方有生姜。无粉草。一方有香薷。伤暑发热头目痛。用以吞消暑丸。一方无干姜。一
方无白扁豆。洁古云。转筋吐泻不止者。其病出中焦。阴阳交而不加。发而为痛也。此最为
急病也。不可与分毫粥饮。谷气入胃则必死也。治有两种。渴欲饮水者。是为阳气多。五苓
散主之。不欲饮水为阴多。理中汤主之。
解暑三白散（出和剂方）治冒暑伏热引饮过多。阴阳气逆。霍乱呕吐。小便
不
利。脏腑不调。恶心头晕。并皆治之。
泽泻 白术 白茯苓（各等分） 上 咀。每服一贴。水一盏。姜五片。灯心十茎。煎
八
分
清暑益气汤（出济生拔粹方）治气虚身热得之。伤暑热伤气故也。有所远行
劳
倦。逢大热而渴。渴则阳气内伐。内伐则舍于肾。肾者水藏也。今水不能胜火。则骨枯
髓虚。足不任身。发为骨痿者。生于大热也。此湿热成痿。令人骨乏无力。故治痿独取
于阳明。时当长夏。湿热大胜蒸蒸而炽。人感之多四肢困倦。精神短少。懒于动作。胸
满气促。肢节沉疼。或气高而喘。身热而烦。心下膨闭。小便黄而数。大便溏而频。或
痢出黄如糜。或如泔色。或渴或不渴。不思饮食。自汗体重。或汗少者。血先病而气不
病也。其脉中得洪缓。若湿气相搏必加之以迟迟。病虽互换少瘥。其天暑湿令则一也。
宜以清燥之剂治之。阳气者卫外而为固也。多则气泄。今暑邪干卫。故身热自汗。以黄
甘温补之为君。人参、橘皮、当归、甘草甘微温。补中益气为臣。苍术、白术、泽泻
渗利而除湿。升麻、葛根、甘苦平。善解肌热。又以风胜湿也。湿胜则食不消而作痞满
。故炒曲甘辛。青皮辛温。消食快气。肾恶燥。急食辛以润之。故以黄柏苦寒。借甘味
泻热。补水虚者滋其化源。以人参、五味子、麦门冬酸者微寒。救夫暑之伤于庚金为佐
。
黄 （一钱汗少减半钱） 人参（半钱） 升麻（一钱） 泽泻（半钱） 苍术（泔浸
一钱） 炙
甘草（三分） 葛根（二分） 五味子（九个） 白术（半钱） 神曲（炒半钱） 麦门冬
（去心三分）
黄柏（酒洗三分） 当归身（三分） 橘皮（半钱） 青皮（去白二分半） 上同 咀。都
作一服。
水二大盏。煎至一盏去滓。大温服。食远。剂之多少临卧斟酌。得病皆由饮食劳倦。损其脾
胃。乘天暑而作病也。但药中犯泽泻、猪苓、茯苓、灯草、通草、木通淡渗利小便之类。皆
从时令之旺气。以泻脾胃之客邪。而补金水之不及也。此正方已是从权而立之。若于无病时
湿热脾旺之证。或小便已数。肾肝不受邪者。误用之必大泻真阴。竭绝肾水。先损两目也。
复立变证加减法于后。
心火乘脾。乃血受火邪而不能外发。阳气伏于地中。地者人之脾也。必用当归和血。少
用黄柏以益真阴。脾胃不足之证。须少用升麻。乃足阳明太阴引经之药也。使行阳道。自脾
胃中右迁少阳。行春令。生万化之根蒂也。更少加柴胡。使诸经右迁。生发阴阳之气。以滋
春之和气也。脾虚缘心火亢甚。而乘其土也。其次肺气受邪。为热所伤。必须用黄 最多。
甘草次之。人参又次之。三者皆甘温之阳药也。脾始虚肺气先绝。故用黄 之甘温。以益皮
毛之气。而闭腠理不令自汗。而损其元气也。上喘气短懒语。须用人参补之。心火乘脾。须
用炙甘草以泻火热。而补脾胃中元气。甘草最少。恐资满也。若脾胃之急痛。并脾胃大虚。
腹中急缩。腹皮急缩者。却宜多用之。若从权加升麻以引之。恐左迁之邪坚盛。卒不肯退反
行阴道。故使引阳道上行。若中满者去甘草。咳甚者去人参。如口干嗌干者加葛根。血虚以
人参补之。阳旺则能生阴血也。更加当归和血。又宜加黄柏以救肾水。盖甘寒泻热火。火减
则心气平安。如烦乱犹不能止。少加黄连以去之。如气浮心乱。则以朱砂安神丸镇固之。如
心下痞。亦少加黄连。气乱于胸为清浊相干。故以橘皮理之。能助阳气之升。又助甘辛为用
也。夫长夏湿土客邪大旺。可从权加苍术、白术、泽泻。上下分消其湿热之气。湿气太胜主
食不消化。故食减不知谷味。加炒曲以消之。复加五味子、麦门冬、人参泻火益肺气。助秋
损也。此三伏中长夏正旺之时药也。
凡暑月间。忽有男女老幼昏闷不省人事。手足搐搦。或角弓反张。如小儿惊风之状。或
上吐下泻。其热如火。皆因伏暑兼感风而得此证。当服枇杷叶散。如乡村僻地无问药处。只
以枇杷叶炙去毛为末。用西瓜一个捣汁。调叶末灌之。醒然无事。误投他药十有九死。近俗
治沙证。不问感冒暑湿风寒。饮食所伤。凡觉头疼。浑身壮热。手足指末微厥冷。先以艾煎
汤试。如吐即是其证。及有腹痛。手足冷者亦是。（出经验良方）
用五月蚕蜕纸碎剪。安碗中以盘盖之。以百沸汤泡半碗许。仍以别纸封盘缝。良久乘热
饮之。就卧以浓被盖之。汗出愈。又近时人多看头额上。及胸前两边。有小红点在于皮肤者。
却用纸捻成条。微蘸清油。于清油灯上点烧纸捻。于红点上淬爆者。是名水沙。却用樟木煎
汤服。汗出愈。如腹痛不止。又用针于两手指甲梢针出血愈。又有用青麻蘸水。于颈项两肘
臂等处戛掠。见得血凝皮肤中。红点如粟粒状。然后盖覆衣被。饮食粥汤。或葱头汤。或清
油生葱茶。得汗即愈。此皆使皮肤腠理开发松利。诚不药之良法也。
白术茯苓干姜汤（出三因方）治伏暑中风湿。烦渴引饮。心腹疼。燥闷。口
干
面垢。洒洒恶寒。淅淅恶风。微汗。饥不能食。
青金散（出杨氏家藏方）治中暑烦躁大渴。吐泻不止。
生硫黄 寒水石（火 ） 玄精石 焰硝 青黛 上等分为细末。每服一钱。新汲水调
下。不拘时候。
加减十味香薷汤（出经验良方）夏月常服清头目。去暑湿。顺气清神。理
脾。
香薷穗（四两） 白扁豆（炒） 浓朴（姜制） 茯神（去皮木） 紫苏叶 甘草 陈
皮（去白
各二两） 檀香（一两） 干木瓜（二两） 丁香（半两） 上为细末。百沸汤调服。治秋
用青蒿
二两。木瓜、半夏、生姜各半两。同煎八分滤过。用锡器盛。于井水中浸极冷。不拘时。任
意服。
秦艽散（出传信适用方）治中暑。
秦艽（去土） 当归（去芦） 桔梗 黄连（去须） 乌梅（去核） 甘草（炙） 青
皮（去瓤）
柴胡（去芦） 干姜（炮） 芍药 上各等分为细末。解暑。浓煎灯心汤下。心痛。煎菖蒲
汤下。
泻
十味香薷饮（出医方大成）治脾胃不和。乘冒暑气。心腹膨闷。饮食无味。
呕
哕恶心。五心潮热。力乏体倦。常服消暑。健脾进饮食。
香薷叶（一两） 人参（去芦） 白术 陈皮（温汤浸去白） 白茯苓 黄 （去芦） 浓
朴
（去粗皮锉碎生姜自然汁拌和炒至黑色） 干木瓜 白扁豆（炒去壳） 甘草（炙以上各半
两）
上为粗末。每服三钱。水一盏。枣一枚。煎七分去滓。不拘时服。一方为细末。热汤或冷水
调下亦可。
广顺散（出杨氏家藏方）治中暑烦渴。
甘草（三两半炙） 肉桂（去粗皮一两） 干姜（一两炮） 紫苏叶（半两） 乌梅肉
（一两半焙干） 上为末。每服二钱。冷水调下。沸汤调服亦得。
大黄龙丸（一名清暑丸出仁斋直指方）治中暑身热头疼。状如脾寒。或半热
半
寒。或寒热往来。或烦渴呕泄。昏闷不省。或不能饮食。此方曾治暑甚妙。尝有中 已
昏欲死者。灌之立苏。
舶上硫黄 硝石（各一两） 白矾 雄黄 滑石（各半两） 白面（四两飞罗者） 上
为细
末。入面在内。滴水为丸如梧桐子大。每服十丸至二三十丸。新汲水下。小儿黍米大。如无
硝石以盆硝代之。来复黄龙。大抵性温。道途中暑昏仆。即扶起以手巾蘸热汤暖其脐腹。即
渐苏醒。次以来复丹为末。井水调下。无药则以大蒜细研。新水调与之。仍以蒜少许置鼻中。
中暑的成因，是在夏至前后各三十多天，正值少阳相火当令的时节。此时炎热盛行，热得能熔化石头、流淌金属，草木枯萎，河流干涸。人如果受到暑邪侵袭，就会出现发热、自汗、面色污垢、背部发冷、疲倦乏力、气短等症状。因为暑邪会消耗人体之气，气耗则血散，这与伤寒的症状相似。但这是夏季即时发病，并非冬季感受寒邪到夏季才发作的热病。应当通过脉象来辨别：伤暑的脉象虚而无力，这是因为气血消散导致血液虚弱；而伤寒则是血脉凝涩闭塞，脉象紧而有力，二者大不相同。
伤暑的患者，身体发热、怕冷、头痛，或者出现像疟疾一样的往来寒热，烦躁极度口渴，头晕目眩，呕吐腹泻，神志昏闷不清醒。其脉象阴阳两部都虚，缓而微弱，这都是由伤暑引起的。暑是六经之气之一，能与风、湿结合致病，沿着经络流入各个脏腑，但不与寒邪相合，所以有暑湿、风温等证候。
暑湿证，表现为怕冷反而发热、自汗，全身关节疼痛，头目昏眩，手足倦怠，难以支撑。这都是伤暑兼感湿邪所致。
风温证，表现为头痛、身体发热、经常出汗，身体沉重、喘息，四肢不能收持，神情沉默想睡觉。这是先伤风后伤暑所致。
风湿温病，表现为烦躁口渴想喝水，心腹冷痛，燥闷，口干面垢，怕冷怕风，饥饿却不想吃东西，头晕呕吐呃逆。这是伏暑中兼感风湿所致。
中暑之所以脉象虚，是因为热邪伤气而不伤形。而且暑在天为热，在地为火，在人体内脏对应心。所以暑邪容易伤心，让人身体发热头痛，症状类似伤寒，只是背部恶寒、面色污垢不同罢了。严重的会出现神志昏闷不知人事，手脚微冷，烦躁口渴、牙关紧闭，或者呕吐或腹泻，或者气喘或腹胀。这些都是暑气造成的。暑气进入肝脏则导致眩晕和顽固性痹症；进入脾脏则导致昏睡不醒；进入肺脏则导致气喘、腹胀、痿痹；进入肾脏则导致消渴、小便不利。如果误用发汗法，恶寒会更严重；误用温针，发热会更严重；误用泻下法，淋证会更严重。伤暑和中暑其实是同一种病，只是轻重不同而已。
中暑表现为背部寒冷、面色污垢，面部像涂了油一样。《类纂》说：面垢属于阳证，也叫“面尘”，像灰尘沾在脸上。患者手脚微冷，烦躁口渴口燥，只觉得疲倦，四肢却不痛重，脉象微弱，按之无力。主方用白虎汤。如果有痰饮上逆且怕冷的，用橘皮汤。如果不怕冷的，用竹叶汤。头痛恶心、烦躁、胃脘部不适的，用五苓散最为巧妙。
问：中暑为什么会有洒洒然毛发耸立、怕冷的感觉？答：《内经》说，四时八风中人，因有寒暑之分。寒邪使皮肤收紧，腠理闭塞；暑邪使皮肤松弛，腠理开张。所以暑邪致人感到洒洒然寒冷，闭塞则热而闷。近代人大多不明白中暑，有的当作热病治疗，又复用温热药，必然导致发黄、出斑，甚至蓄血，尤其应该戒除。
四季之中，只有夏季一季是人精气耗脱的时候，最难调养。此时心气旺盛肾气衰弱，肾化为水，到秋天逐渐凝结，到冬天始坚。正当这个时候，正适宜用温药补助，饮食也应当稍热。喝冷饮吃生冷食物都是致病的原因。况且暑毒多从口鼻侵入，凝聚在指甲缝隙。远行劳作的人，遇到休息时必须漱口不要咽下，如果觉得暑毒入咽，宁可吐出来。因为夏月体内潜伏着阴气，肠胃寒冷滑利，容易受伤动乱。暑毒一旦进入，遍布五脏六腑，发病最急。夏季小有感冒，无论风寒暑湿，出现头痛寒热、烦躁昏闷、霍乱疟痢等症状，都应当先服用五苓散，然后随证用其他药物治疗。其实猪苓、茯苓有利水道的作用，白术、肉桂有实表的功效，用来治病没有不愈的。如果在盛夏时节，无病之人将五苓散作为夏季常服药物，只知道它可以解暑除烦，却不知道其中泽泻最能伐伤肾气。肾是人体的根本，在根本不充盛的时候，轻率进服此药，本想利尿反而成为害处，能不谨慎吗？《琐碎录》说：隔年的五苓散不可服用，服之杀人，原因就在这里。
突然昏倒的中暑者，切不可立即给予冷水，并卧湿地。上述方法应当先用热汤灌服，并用布衣蘸热汤熨烫脐下及气海穴，连续用汤淋在布上，让暖气透彻脐腹，等到患者苏醒，用温热水化开苏合香丸灌服。随后进服黄连香薷散、五苓散。如果体质虚弱的，用冷香饮子；霍乱吐泻的用来复丹、二气丹；夹带食滞的用胃苓汤。如果兼感风邪，则脉象沉而浮，症状有抽搐，应当在黄连香薷散内加羌活煎服，却不可当作惊痫治疗，多会导致无法救治。如果并嚼生姜或蒜各一块，用汤送下立刻清醒，或者生葱一二茎也可以。或者灸两乳头各七壮，或者让人对着患者心前部嘘气，让热汤随着嘘气进入，这些都是备急的方法。
夏季炎热，人冒涉路途，热毒入内与五脏相并，客邪炽盛郁瘀不宣，导致阴气突然断绝，阳气暴壅，经络不通，所以突然闷绝，称为“中暍”。然而这乃是外邪所击，真脏未坏，如果遇到急救治疗，气机宣通则苏醒。患中暍不得用太冷的方式调息，遇冷即困顿。这叫外卒以冷触其热，热毒蕴积于内，不得宣发，所以闷绝而死。
御爱姜苏丸（出自《传信适用方》），治疗中暑引起的恶心、头疼、烦躁，生津止渴。
配方：紫苏叶（五两拣净）、乌头肉（二两切炒）、甘草（生三分）、桂心（半两去粗皮）、香薷叶（半两拣净）、生姜（切洗焙干一分）、木瓜（干者二两生去皮瓤切焙）、檀香（半两锉屑）。以上研为细末。
缩脾饮（一名香薷缩脾饮，出自《和剂局方》），治疗解除伏热，除烦渴，消暑毒。因饮食生冷过多，导致霍乱吐泻者；吐利霍乱后服热药太多，导致烦躁者，都宜服用。
配方：缩砂仁、草果仁（煨去皮）、乌梅肉（净）、粉草（炙各四两）、白扁豆（炒去皮）、干葛（各二两锉）。以上切碎，每服四钱，水一大碗，煎至八分，去渣，用水浸冷，慢慢服用，以解烦渴。欲热欲温任意。老年人加附子二两，煎法同上。暑月以此代替熟水饮用极妙，名增损缩脾饮。一方用干姜炮一两，切碎煎，澄清汁服，治疗脾弱胃寒不思饮食，口舌干燥，不生津液，功效如神。一方有生姜，无粉草；一方有香薷，治伤暑发热头目痛，用以吞服消暑丸；一方无干姜；一方无白扁豆。洁古云：转筋吐泻不止者，病出中焦，阴阳交争而不加，发而为痛，此为最急之病。不可给分毫粥饮，谷气入胃则必死。治疗有两种情况：渴欲饮水者，是为阳气多，用五苓散主之；不欲饮水为阴多，用理中汤主之。
解暑三白散（出自《和剂局方》），治疗冒暑伏热引饮过多，阴阳气逆，霍乱呕吐，小便不利，脏腑不调，恶心头晕，皆治之。
配方：泽泻、白术、白茯苓（各等分）。以上切碎，每服一贴，水一盏，姜五片，灯心十茎，煎至八分。
清暑益气汤（出自《济生拔粹方》），治疗气虚身热，因伤暑热伤气所致。有所远行劳倦，逢大热而渴，渴则阳气内伐，内伐则舍于肾。肾者水藏也，今水不能胜火，则骨枯髓虚，足不任身，发为骨痿者，生于大热也。此湿热成痿，令人骨乏无力，故治痿独取于阳明。时当长夏，湿热大胜蒸蒸而炽，人感之多四肢困倦，精神短少，懒于动作，胸满气促，肢节沉疼，或气高而喘，身热而烦，心下膨闭，小便黄而数，大便溏而频，或痢出黄如糜，或如泔色，或渴或不渴，不思饮食，自汗体重，或汗少者，血先病而气不病也。其脉中得洪缓，若湿气相搏必加之以迟迟。病虽互换少瘥，其天暑湿令则一也。宜以清燥之剂治之。阳气者卫外而为固也，多则气泄，今暑邪干卫，故身热自汗。以黄芪甘温补之为君，人参、橘皮、当归、甘草甘微温，补中益气为臣。苍术、白术、泽泻渗利而除湿，升麻、葛根甘苦平，善解肌热，又以风胜湿也。湿胜则食不消而作痞满，故炒曲甘辛，青皮辛温，消食快气。肾恶燥，急食辛以润之，故以黄柏苦寒，借甘味泻热，补水虚者滋其化源。以人参、五味子、麦门冬酸者微寒，救夫暑之伤于庚金为佐。
配方：黄芪（一钱汗少减半钱）、人参（半钱）、升麻（一钱）、泽泻（半钱）、苍术（泔浸一钱）、炙甘草（三分）、葛根（二分）、五味子（九个）、白术（半钱）、神曲（炒半钱）、麦门冬（去心三分）、黄柏（酒洗三分）、当归身（三分）、橘皮（半钱）、青皮（去白二分半）。以上同切碎，都作一服。水二大盏，煎至一盏，去渣，大温服，食远。剂量多少临卧斟酌。得病皆由饮食劳倦，损其脾胃，乘天暑而作病也。但药中犯泽泻、猪苓、茯苓、灯草、通草、木通淡渗利小便之类，皆从时令之旺气，以泻脾胃之客邪，而补金水之不及也。此正方已是从权而立之。若于无病时湿热脾旺之证，或小便已数，肾肝不受邪者，误用之必大泻真阴，竭绝肾水，先损两目也。
复立变证加减法于后：
心火乘脾，乃血受火邪而不能外发，阳气伏于地中，地者人之脾也。必用当归和血，少用黄柏以益真阴。脾胃不足之证，须少用升麻，乃足阳明太阴引经之药也。使行阳道，自脾胃中右迁少阳，行春令，生万化之根蒂也。更少加柴胡，使诸经右迁，生发阴阳之气，以滋春之和气也。脾虚缘心火亢甚，而乘其土也。其次肺气受邪，为热所伤，必须用黄芪最多，甘草次之，人参又次之。三者皆甘温之阳药也。脾始虚肺气先绝，故用黄芪之甘温，以益皮毛之气，而闭腠理不令自汗，而损其元气也。上喘气短懒语，须用人参补之。心火乘脾，须用炙甘草以泻火热，而补脾胃中元气，甘草最少，恐资满也。若脾胃之急痛，并脾胃大虚，腹中急缩，腹皮急缩者，却宜多用之。若从权加升麻以引之，恐左迁之邪坚盛，卒不肯退反行阴道，故使引阳道上行。若中满者去甘草，咳甚者去人参。如口干嗌干者加葛根，血虚以人参补之，阳旺则能生阴血也。更加当归和血，又宜加黄柏以救肾水，盖甘寒泻热火，火减则心气平安。如烦乱犹不能止，少加黄连以去之。如气浮心乱，则以朱砂安神丸镇固之。如心下痞，亦少加黄连。气乱于胸为清浊相干，故以橘皮理之，能助阳气之升，又助甘辛为用也。夫长夏湿土客邪大旺，可从权加苍术、白术、泽泻，上下分消其湿热之气。湿气太胜主食不消化，故食减不知谷味，加炒曲以消之。复加五味子、麦门冬、人参泻火益肺气，助秋损也。此三伏中长夏正旺之时药也。
凡暑月间，忽有男女老幼昏闷不省人事，手足搐搦，或角弓反张，如小儿惊风之状，或上吐下泻，其热如火，皆因伏暑兼感风而得此证。当服枇杷叶散。如乡村僻地无问药处，只以枇杷叶炙去毛为末，用西瓜一个捣汁，调叶末灌之，醒然无事。误投他药十有九死。近俗治沙证，不问感冒暑湿风寒，饮食所伤，凡觉头疼，浑身壮热，手足指末微厥冷，先以艾煎汤试，如吐即是其证，及有腹痛，手足冷者亦是。（出自《经验良方》）
用五月蚕蜕纸碎剪，安碗中以盘盖之，以百沸汤泡半碗许，仍以别纸封盘缝，良久乘热饮之，就卧以浓被盖之，汗出愈。又近时人多看头额上，及胸前两边，有小红点在于皮肤者，却用纸捻成条，微蘸清油，于清油灯上点烧纸捻，于红点上淬爆者，是名水沙，却用樟木煎汤服，汗出愈。如腹痛不止，又用针于两手指甲梢针出血愈。又有用青麻蘸水，于颈项两肘臂等处戛掠，见得血凝皮肤中，红点如粟粒状，然后盖覆衣被，饮食粥汤，或葱头汤，或清油生葱茶，得汗即愈。此皆使皮肤腠理开发松利，诚不药之良法也。
白术茯苓干姜汤（出自《三因方》），治疗伏暑中风湿，烦渴引饮，心腹疼，燥闷，口干面垢，洒洒恶寒，淅淅恶风，微汗，饥不能食。
青金散（出自《杨氏家藏方》），治疗中暑烦躁大渴，吐泻不止。
配方：生硫黄、寒水石（火煅）、玄精石、焰硝、青黛。上等分为细末，每服一钱，新汲水调下，不拘时候。
加减十味香薷汤（出自《经验良方》），夏月常服清头目，去暑湿，顺气清神，理脾。
配方：香薷穗（四两）、白扁豆（炒）、浓朴（姜制）、茯神（去皮木）、紫苏叶、甘草、陈皮（去白各二两）、檀香（一两）、干木瓜（二两）、丁香（半两）。以上为细末，百沸汤调服。治秋用青蒿二两，木瓜、半夏、生姜各半两，同煎八分滤过，用锡器盛，于井水中浸极冷，不拘时，任意服。
秦艽散（出自《传信适用方》），治疗中暑。
配方：秦艽（去土）、当归（去芦）、桔梗、黄连（去须）、乌梅（去核）、甘草（炙）、青皮（去瓤）、柴胡（去芦）、干姜（炮）、芍药。以上各等分为细末。解暑，浓煎灯心汤下。心痛，煎菖蒲汤下。
泻十味香薷饮（出自《医方大成》），治疗脾胃不和，乘冒暑气，心腹膨闷，饮食无味，呕哕恶心，五心潮热，力乏体倦，常服消暑，健脾进饮食。
配方：香薷叶（一两）、人参（去芦）、白术、陈皮（温汤浸去白）、白茯苓、黄芪（去芦）、浓朴（去粗皮锉碎生姜自然汁拌和炒至黑色）、干木瓜、白扁豆（炒去壳）、甘草（炙以上各半两）。以上为粗末，每服三钱，水一盏，枣一枚，煎七分去滓，不拘时服。一方为细末，热汤或冷水调下亦可。
广顺散（出自《杨氏家藏方》），治疗中暑烦渴。
配方：甘草（三两半炙）、肉桂（去粗皮一两）、干姜（一两炮）、紫苏叶（半两）、乌梅肉（一两半焙干）。以上为末，每服二钱，冷水调下，沸汤调服亦得。
大黄龙丸（一名清暑丸，出自《仁斋直指方》），治疗中暑身热头疼，状如脾寒，或半热半寒，或寒热往来，或烦渴呕泄，昏闷不省，或不能饮食。此方曾治暑甚妙。尝有中暍已昏欲死者，灌之立苏。
配方：舶上硫黄、硝石（各一两）、白矾、雄黄、滑石（各半两）、白面（四两飞罗者）。以上为细末，入面在内，滴水为丸如梧桐子大，每服十丸至二三十丸，新汲水下。小儿黍米大。如无硝石以盆硝代之。来复黄龙，大抵性温。道途中暑昏仆，即扶起以手巾蘸热汤暖其脐腹，即渐苏醒。次以来复丹为末，井水调下。无药则以大蒜细研，新水调与之，仍以蒜少许置鼻中。
The etiology of heatstroke (Zhongshu) occurs during the period from thirty days before to thirty days after the Summer Solstice, when the Shaoyang Ministerial Fire is in command. At this time, intense heat prevails, capable of melting stones and flowing metal, causing grass to wither and rivers to dry up. If a person is affected by it, symptoms such as fever, spontaneous sweating, dirty complexion, coldness in the back, fatigue, shortness of breath, and lack of energy occur. Since summer-heat consumes Qi, and the depletion of Qi leads to the dispersion of Blood, its presentation resembles Cold Damage (Shanghan). However, this is an illness contracted immediately in summer, not a Heat Disease (Rebing) resulting from Cold pathogenic factors acquired in winter and manifesting in summer. The differentiation should be made through pulse diagnosis: the pulse in injury by summer-heat is deficient and weak, due to the dispersion of Qi and Blood leading to Blood deficiency; whereas in Cold Damage, the Blood vessels are constricted and closed, and the pulse is tight and forceful. They are significantly different.
Patients injured by summer-heat present with body heat, aversion to cold, headache, or alternating chills and fever resembling malaria, severe irritability and thirst, dizziness, vomiting, diarrhea, and mental confusion. Their pulses are deficient in both Yin and Yang aspects, slow, and faint. All these are caused by injury from summer-heat. Summer-heat is one of the Qi of the Six Channels and can combine with Wind and Dampness to cause disease, flowing along the meridians into various Zang-Fu organs. It does not combine with Cold, hence there are patterns of Summer-heat-Dampness and Wind-Warmth.
Summer-heat-Dampness pattern presents with aversion to cold but actual heat, spontaneous sweating, pain throughout all joints, dizziness of head and eyes, and fatigue of hands and feet that makes them unable to support the body. These are all caused by injury from summer-heat combined with Dampness.
Wind-Warmth pattern presents with headache, body heat, frequent sweating, heavy body, panting, inability to hold the limbs steady, taciturnity, and desire to sleep. This is caused by prior injury from Wind followed by injury from summer-heat.
Wind-Dampness Warmth Disease presents with irritability, thirst with desire to drink, cold pain in the heart and abdomen, dryness and oppression, dry mouth, dirty complexion, aversion to cold and wind, hunger without appetite, dizziness, vomiting, and hiccups. This is caused by latent summer-heat combined with Wind-Dampness.
The reason why the pulse in sudden heatstroke (Zhongshu) is deficient is that Heat injures Qi but not Form. Furthermore, summer-heat in Heaven is Heat, on Earth is Fire, and in the human viscera corresponds to the Heart. Therefore, summer-heat easily injures the Heart, causing body heat and headache, resembling Cold Damage, except for the differences of back aversion to cold and dirty complexion. Severe cases may present with mental confusion and loss of consciousness, slightly cold hands and feet, irritability, thirst, locked jaw, vomiting or diarrhea, panting, or abdominal fullness. All these are caused by summer-heat Qi. If summer-heat Qi enters the Liver, it causes dizziness and stubborn Bi syndrome; if it enters the Spleen, it causes deep sleep and unconsciousness; if it enters the Lung, it causes panting, fullness, and Wei-Bi syndrome; if it enters the Kidney, it causes Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst) and difficult urination. If sweat-inducing methods are mistakenly used, aversion to cold will worsen; if warm needle therapy is mistakenly used, fever will worsen; if purgative methods are mistakenly used, Lin syndrome (dysuria) will worsen. Injury from summer-heat and sudden heatstroke are essentially the same disease, differing only in severity.
Sudden heatstroke presents with coldness in the back and dirty complexion, where the face appears as if coated with oil. *Leizuan* states: "Dirty complexion is a Yang pattern," also called "Mian Chen" (facial dust), resembling dust adhering to the face. Patients have slightly cold hands and feet, irritability, dry mouth and throat, only feeling fatigue, while the limbs are not painful or heavy. The pulse is faint and weak, unresponsive to pressure. The primary formula is Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction). For phlegm-rebellion with aversion to cold, Jupi Tang (Tangerine Peel Decoction) is indicated. For those without aversion to cold, Zhuye Tang (Bamboo Leaf Decoction) is indicated. For headache, nausea, irritability, and discomfort in the epigastrium, Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) is most effective.
Question: Why does heatstroke cause a sensation of chilly shivering with hair standing on end and aversion to cold? Answer: The Classics state that when the Eight Winds of the four seasons invade humans, it depends on whether Cold or Heat is involved. Cold causes the skin to tighten and the interstices (Couli) to close; Heat causes the skin to relax and the interstices to open. Thus, Heat causes a chilly sensation, while closure causes heat and oppression. Modern people often do not understand heatstroke and treat it as a Heat Disease, using warming and hot herbs, which inevitably leads to jaundice, eruption of macules, and blood stasis. This must be strictly avoided.
Among the four seasons, only summer is the time when human Jing-Shen (Spirit) is depleted, making it the hardest season to regulate. At this time, Heart Qi is prosperous and Kidney Qi is declining; Kidney transforms into Water, which gradually condenses in autumn and hardens in winter. During this period, it is appropriate to use warming herbs to supplement, and diet should be slightly warm. Drinking cold beverages and eating raw/cold foods are causes of disease. Moreover, summer-toxicity mostly enters through the mouth and nose and accumulates in the fingernails/toenails. People traveling far or working hard must rinse their mouths and not swallow when resting. If one feels toxicity has entered the throat, it is better to vomit it out. This is because in summer, Yin is latent inside, and the intestines and stomach are cold and slippery, prone to injury. Once summer-toxicity enters, it spreads throughout the five Zang and six Fu organs, causing the most urgent diseases. In summer, for minor colds, regardless of whether they are Wind-Cold, Wind-Heat, Summer-heat, or Dampness, presenting with headache, chills and fever, irritability, confusion, Huoluan (cholera-like disorder), malaria, or dysentery, one should first take Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria), and then treat according to specific patterns with other medicines. Actually, Zhu Ling (Polyporus) and Fu Ling (Poria) promote water passage, while Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome) and Rou Gui (Cinnamon Bark) have the effect of consolidating the exterior. Using them to treat disease yields no failure. If, during peak summer, healthy people take Wuling San as a regular summer medicine, knowing only that it resolves summer-heat and relieves irritability, but unaware that Ze Xie (Alisma Rhizome) severely damages Kidney Qi, they will harm themselves. The Kidney is the root of life; when the root is not充盈 (full), taking this medicine lightly turns benefit into harm. One must be cautious. *Suosui Lu* states: "Wuling San from the previous year must not be taken; taking it kills." This is the reason.
For sudden fainting/heatstroke, one must absolutely not give cold water or lie on damp ground. The aforementioned method dictates first pouring hot water, and using cloth dipped in hot water to moxa/iron the area below the umbilicus and Qihai (CV6). Continuously pour hot water over the cloth to let warmth penetrate the umbilicus and abdomen. Wait for recovery, then administer Suhexiang Wan (Styrax Pill) dissolved in warm water. Follow with Huanglian Xiangru San (Coptis and Mosla Powder) and Wuling San. For those with deficiency, use Lengxiang Yin (Cold Fragrant Drink); for Huoluan with vomiting and diarrhea, use Laifu Dan (Revival Pill) or Erqi Dan (Two-Qi Pill). If complicated by food stagnation, use Weiling Tang (Stomach and Five-Ingredient Decoction). If complicated by Wind, the pulse is deep yet floating, and symptoms include spasms/twitching. Add Qiang Huo (Notopterygium Rhizome) to Huanglian Xiangru San and decoct. Do not treat as epilepsy/seizure, as this often leads to death. Chewing one piece each of fresh ginger or garlic and swallowing with water brings immediate awakening. One or two stems of fresh green onion also work. Or moxa seven cones on each nipple. Or have someone blow hot air towards the patient's chest while administering hot water. These are emergency methods.
In summer heat, when people travel and heat-toxin enters internally and combines with the five Zang, the exogenous pathogen becomes excessive, stagnant, and unventilated, causing sudden cessation of Yin Qi and violent congestion of Yang Qi, blocking the meridians. Thus, sudden coma occurs, called "Zhong Yue" (Heat Stroke/Fainting). However, this is merely external pathogen attack, with the True Zang not damaged. If rescued promptly, ventilation of Qi leads to recovery. Patients suffering from heat stroke must not rest in too cold conditions; exposure to cold causes distress. This is called external cold touching internal heat, causing heat-toxin to accumulate internally without venting, leading to fatal coma.
Yu Ai Jiang Su Wan (from *Chuan Xin Shi Yong Fang*) treats heatstroke with nausea, headache, irritability, generating fluids, and relieving thirst.
Ingredients: Zi Su Ye (Perilla Leaf, 5 liang, cleaned), Wu Tou Rou (Aconite Meat, 2 liang, sliced and stir-fried), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, 3 fen, raw), Gui Xin (Cinnamon Heart, 0.5 liang, coarse bark removed), Xiang Ru Ye (Mosla Leaf, 0.5 liang, cleaned), Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger, 1 fen, sliced, washed, dried), Mu Gua (Chaenomeles Fruit, 2 liang dried, peeled, seeded, sliced, dried), Tan Xiang (Sandalwood, 0.5 liang, crushed). Grind into fine powder.
Suo Pi Yin (also known as Xiangru Suo Pi Yin, from *He Ji Ju Fang*) treats resolving latent heat, relieving irritability and thirst, and detoxifying summer-heat. Indicated for Huoluan with vomiting and diarrhea caused by excessive intake of cold/raw food/drink, or for irritability caused by excessive intake of warming medicines after Huoluan/vomiting/diarrhea.
Ingredients: Suo Sha Ren (Amomum Fruit), Cao Guo Ren (Tsaoko Fruit, baked, peel removed), Wu Mei Rou (Mume Fruit Flesh, cleaned), Fen Cao (Licorice Root, roasted, 4 liang each), Bai Bian Dou (White Hyacinth Bean, fried, peel removed), Gan Ge (Kudzu Root, 2 liang each, crushed). Cut into pieces. Take 4 qian per dose, decoct in one large bowl of water until reduced to 80%, strain, cool with water, and drink slowly to relieve irritability. Temperature preference is free. For elderly, add Fu Zi (Aconite Lateral Root) 2 liang, decoct as above. Drinking this instead of boiled water in summer is excellent, named Zeng Sun Suo Pi Yin. Another formula uses Pao Gan Jiang (Baked Ginger) 1 liang, cut and decocted, clear juice taken, treating Spleen weakness and Stomach cold with poor appetite, dry mouth/tongue, and lack of fluid generation, with miraculous efficacy. Another formula contains Sheng Jiang but no Fen Cao; another contains Xiang Ru for summer-heat injury with fever, headache, and eye pain, taken to swallow Xiaoshu Wan; another lacks Gan Jiang; another lacks Bai Bian Dou. Jiegu said: For persistent convulsions, vomiting, and diarrhea, the disease originates in the Middle Jiao, with Yin and Yang clashing. This is the most urgent condition. Do not give any porridge or drink; grain entering the stomach will cause death. There are two treatments: if thirsty for water, it indicates excess Yang, use Wuling San; if not thirsty, it indicates excess Yin, use Lizhong Tang.
Jieshu Sanbai San (from *He Ji Ju Fang*) treats excessive drinking due to summer-heat and latent heat, reversal of Yin-Yang Qi, Huoluan with vomiting, difficult urination, disharmony of Zang-Fu, nausea, and dizziness.
Ingredients: Ze Xie (Alisma Rhizome), Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome), Bai Fu Ling (Poria, equal parts). Cut into pieces. Take one packet per dose, decoct in one cup of water with 5 slices of ginger and 10 stalks of Deng Xin Cao (Juncus Maritimus) until reduced to 80%.
Qingshu Yiqi Tang (from *Jisheng Bacui Fang*) treats Qi deficiency with body heat, caused by summer-heat injuring Qi. It results from long journeys and fatigue, encountering great heat and thirst. Thirst causes internal consumption of Yang Qi, which resides in the Kidney. The Kidney is the Water Organ; now Water cannot overcome Fire, leading to dry bones and empty marrow, inability to bear weight, and Bone Wei (flaccidity syndrome) born of great heat. This is Wei syndrome formed by Damp-Heat, causing bone fatigue and weakness. Hence, treating Wei focuses solely on the Yangming. During late summer, Damp-Heat prevails intensely. People affected often experience tired limbs, shortness of spirit, reluctance to move, chest fullness, shortness of breath, heaviness and pain in joints, high-pitched breathing/panting, body heat with irritability, epigastric distension and closure, yellow and frequent urination, loose and frequent stools, or dysentery with yellow mushy or rice-water-like stool, thirst or no thirst, poor appetite, spontaneous sweating, heavy body, or little sweating (indicating Blood is diseased first, Qi is not). The pulse is洪缓 (Surging and Slow); if combined with Dampness, it adds slowness. Although symptoms may interchange slightly, the heavenly heat and damp command remain the same. Treat with drying and clearing agents. Yang Qi guards the exterior and stabilizes; excess leads to Qi leakage. Now summer-pathogen attacks the Wei, causing body heat and spontaneous sweating. Use Huang Qi (Astragalus Root) as the Sovereign herb for its sweet-warm tonification. Ren Shen (Ginseng Root), Ju Pi (Tangerine Peel), Dang Gui (Angelica Sinensis Root), and Gan Cao (Licorice Root) are sweet-slightly warm, tonifying the Middle and benefiting Qi as Ministers. Cang Zhu (Atractylodes Lancea Rhizome), Bai Zhu, and Ze Xie promote drainage and remove Dampness. Sheng Ma (Cimicifuga Rhizome) and Ge Gen (Kudzu Root) are sweet-bitter-neutral, excellently releasing muscle-layer heat, using Wind to overcome Dampness. Excess Dampness prevents digestion and causes fullness, so Chao Qu (Fried Mass Medicament) is sweet-acrid, and Qing Pi (Green Tangerine Peel) is acrid-warm, digesting food and moving Qi. The Kidney dislikes dryness; urgently eat acrid to moisten it. Thus, Huang Bo (Phellodendron Bark) is bitter-cold, borrowing sweet flavor to drain heat and nourishing the source of transformation for Water deficiency. Ren Shen, Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Berry), and Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogon Tuber) are sour-slightly cold, rescuing the Metal (Lung) injured by summer-heat as Assistants.
Dosage: Huang Qi (1 qian, reduce to 0.5 qian if little sweat), Ren Shen (0.5 qian), Sheng Ma (1 qian), Ze Xian (0.5 qian), Cang Zhu (soaked in rice water, 1 qian), Zhi Gan Cao (Roasted Licorice, 3 fen), Ge Gen (2 fen), Wu Wei Zi (9 berries), Bai Zhu (0.5 qian), Shen Qu (Fried, 0.5 qian), Mai Men Dong (decored, 3 fen), Huang Bo (wine-washed, 3 fen), Dang Gui Shen (Angelica Body, 3 fen), Ju Pi (0.5 qian), Qing Pi (peel removed, 2.5 fen). Cut together, make one dose. Decoct in two large bowls of water until one bowl remains, strain, drink warm. Take away from meals. Adjust dosage before bed. Illness arises from diet and fatigue damaging Spleen-Stomach, compounded by summer heat. Herbs like Ze Xie, Zhu Ling, Fu Ling, Deng Cao, Tong Cao, Mu Tong that promote diuresis follow the seasonal vigorous Qi to drain exogenous pathogens from Spleen-Stomach and supplement insufficient Metal and Water. This formula is established flexibly. If used incorrectly in healthy people with Damp-Heat or Spleen prosperity, or frequent urination without Kidney/Liver pathogen, it will severely drain True Yin, exhaust Kidney Water, and damage the eyes first.
Subsequent modification rules for changed patterns:
If Heart Fire overacts on Spleen, Blood receives Fire pathogen and cannot emit outward, Yang Qi lies hidden in the Earth (Spleen). Must use Dang Gui to harmonize Blood, and small amounts of Huang Bo to benefit True Yin. For Spleen-Stomach insufficiency, use small amounts of Sheng Ma, a guiding herb for Foot Yangming and Taiyin. Let it travel the Yang pathway, moving right from Spleen-Stomach to Shaoyang, executing Spring command, generating roots of ten thousand transformations. Add small amounts of Chai Hu (Bupleurum Root) to let all meridians move right, generating Yin-Yang Qi, nourishing Spring harmony. Spleen deficiency stems from excessive Heart Fire overacting on Earth. Secondly, Lung Qi is injured by Heat. Must use Huang Qi in largest amount, Gan Cao next, Ren Shen third. All three are sweet-warm Yang herbs. When Spleen begins to fail, Lung Qi fails first. Thus, use sweet-warm Huang Qi to benefit Qi of skin/hair, closing interstices to prevent spontaneous sweating and Qi loss. For panting, shortness of breath, and reluctance to speak, use Ren Shen to tonify. For Heart Fire overacting on Spleen, use Zhi Gan Cao to drain Fire and tonify Yuan Qi in Spleen-Stomach; use minimal Gan Cao to avoid fullness. For acute Spleen-Stomach pain, great Spleen-Stomach deficiency, abdominal contraction, or skin tension, use larger amounts. If adding Sheng Ma flexibly to guide, fear left-moving pathogens become firm and refuse to retreat, instead traveling the Yin pathway, so guide Yang pathway upward. If abdominal fullness, remove Gan Cao; if severe cough, remove Ren Shen. If dry mouth/throat, add Ge Gen. For Blood deficiency, use Ren Shen to tonify, as strong Yang generates Yin Blood. Add Dang Gui to harmonize Blood, and Huang Bo to save Kidney Water, as sweet-cold drains Fire-Heat; when Fire reduces, Heart Qi calms. If irritability persists, add small amounts of Huang Lian (Coptis Rhizome). If Qi floats and Heart is chaotic, use Zhusha Anshen Wan (Cinnabar Calming the Spirit Pill) to stabilize. If epigastric fullness, add small amounts of Huang Lian. Chaotic Qi in chest is mixing of Clear and Turbid, so use Ju Pi to regulate, assisting Yang Qi ascent and combining with Sweet-Acrid. In late summer, Wet Earth exogenous pathogens are vigorous; flexibly add Cang Zhu, Bai Zhu, Ze Xie to drain Damp-Heat from upper and lower. Excessive Dampness prevents food digestion, reducing appetite. Add Fried Qu to digest. Re-add Wu Wei Zi, Mai Men Dong, Ren Shen to drain Fire and benefit Lung Qi, aiding Autumn deficiency. This is the medicine for the height of Late Summer during the Three Fu periods.
In summer months, if men, women, old, or young suddenly suffer confusion and unconsciousness, limb spasms, opisthotonos, resembling infantile convulsions, or vomiting/diarrhea with heat like fire, all are due to latent summer-heat combined with Wind. Take Pipa Ye San (Loquat Leaf Powder). In remote villages without medicine, roast Pipa Ye (Loquat Leaf) to remove hairs, grind to powder, mix with juice of one watermelon, and administer. Recovery is assured. Misusing other medicines leads to nine deaths out of ten. Recently, common practice for "Sha Zheng" (Sand Syndrome), regardless of cold/heat/wind/damp or food injury, if headache, whole-body high fever, and slight coldness of finger/toe tips are felt, first test with Mugwort decoction. Vomiting indicates this syndrome. Abdominal pain and cold hands/feet also indicate it. (From *Jingyan Liangfang*).
Take paper made from May silkworm molts, cut into pieces, place in a bowl, cover with a plate, pour boiling water (half bowl), seal plate edges with another paper, wait, drink hot. Lie down, cover with thick quilt, sweat cures. Also, look for small red dots on forehead and sides of chest. Roll paper into strips, dip slightly in clear oil, burn on oil lamp, quench the red dots to pop them. This is called "Water Sha". Drink Camphor Wood decoction, sweat cures. If abdominal pain persists, prick bleeding at nail beds of fingers. Also, use hemp dipped in water to scrape neck, elbows, arms until blood coagulates in skin, red dots like millet grains appear, then cover with clothes/quilt, drink porridge, scallion head soup, or clear oil/green onion tea. Sweat cures. These methods open skin and interstices, truly excellent non-drug therapies.
Baizhu Fuling Ganjiang Tang (from *San Yin Fang*) treats latent summer-heat with Wind-Dampness, irritability/thirst, heart/abdominal pain, dryness/oppression, dry mouth/dirty complexion, chilly aversion to cold, breezy aversion to wind, slight sweat, hunger without appetite.
Qingjin San (from *Yang Shi Jia C Fang*) treats heatstroke with irritability and severe thirst, persistent vomiting/diarrhea.
Ingredients: Sheng Liu Huang (Native Sulfur), Hanshui Shi (Calcined Gypsum, fired), Xuanjing Shi (Crystal Gypsum), Yan Xiao (Saltpeter), Qing Dai (Indigo Naturalis). Equal parts, grind to fine powder. Take 1 qian per dose, mix with fresh well water, anytime.
Jiajian Shiwei Xiangru Tang (from *Jingyan Liangfang*) for daily summer use to clear head/eyes, remove summer-heat/dampness, regulate Qi, calm spirit, strengthen Spleen.
Ingredients: Xiang Rui Sui (Mosla Spike, 4 liang), Bai Bian Dou (Fried, 2 liang), Hou Po (Ginger-processed, 2 liang), Fu Shen (Poria with Pine Root, peeled, 2 liang), Zi Su Ye (Perilla Leaf, 2 liang), Gan Cao (Licorice, 2 liang), Chen Pi (Tangerine Peel, peeled, 2 liang), Tan Xiang (Sandalwood, 1 liang), Gan Mu Gua (Dried Chaenomeles, 2 liang), Ding Xiang (Clove, 0.5 liang). Grind to powder, mix with boiling water. For Autumn use: Qing Hao (Artemisia Annua) 2 liang, Mu Gua, Ban Xia (Pinellia), Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger) 0.5 liang each, decoct to 80%, filter, store in tin, immerse in well water until very cold, drink anytime.
Qin Jiao San (from *Chuan Xin Shi Yong Fang*) treats heatstroke.
Ingredients: Qin Jiao (Gentiana Macrophylla Root, cleaned), Dang Gui (Angelica Sinensis Root, de-rooted), Jie Geng (Platycodon Root), Huang Lian (Coptis Rhizome, de-filament), Wu Mei (Mume Fruit, pitted), Zhi Gan Cao (Roasted Licorice), Qing Pi (Green Tangerine Peel, de-seeded), Chai Hu (Bupleurum Root, de-rooted), Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger, baked), Shao Yao (Peony Root). Equal parts, grind to powder. For heatstroke, take with concentrated Deng Xin Cao Tea. For heart pain, take with Chang Pu Tea (Acorus Rhizome).
Xie Shiwei Xiangru Yin (from *Yi Fang Da Cheng*) treats Spleen-Stomach disharmony, exposure to summer-heat Qi, epigastric distension/oppression, tasteless food, hiccups/nausea, five-center tidal heat, weakness/fatigue. Daily use resolves summer-heat, strengthens Spleen, promotes appetite.
Ingredients: Xiang Ru Ye (Mosla Leaf, 1 liang), Ren Shen (Ginseng, de-rooted), Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome), Chen Pi (Tangerine Peel, soaked in warm water, peeled), Bai Fu Ling (Poria), Huang Qi (Astragalus, de-rooted), Hou Po (Magnolia Bark, coarse bark removed, crushed, mixed with fresh ginger juice, stir-fried to black), Gan Mu Gua (Dried Chaenomeles), Bai Bian Dou (Fried, de-husked), Zhi Gan Cao (Roasted Licorice, 0.5 liang each). Coarse powder. Take 3 qian per dose, one cup of water, one jujube, decoct to 70%, strain, drink anytime. Another formula: fine powder, mix with hot or cold water.
Guang Shun San (from *Yang Shi Jia C Fang*) treats heatstroke with irritability and thirst.
Ingredients: Zhi Gan Cao (Roasted Licorice, 3.5 liang), Rou Gui (Cinnamon Bark, coarse bark removed, 1 liang), Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger, baked, 1 liang), Zi Su Ye (Perilla Leaf, 0.5 liang), Wu Mei Rou (Mume Fruit Flesh, baked dry, 1.5 liang). Grind to powder. Take 2 qian per dose, mix with cold water or boiling water.
Da Huang Long Wan (also known as Qingshu Wan, from *Ren Zhi Zhi Fang*) treats heatstroke with body heat/headache resembling Spleen Cold, half-hot half-cold, alternating chills/fever, irritability/thirst/vomiting/diarrhea, confusion/unconsciousness, or inability to eat. This formula treated severe heatstroke excellently. Once, a patient fainted from heatstroke was revived immediately after administration.
Ingredients: Bo Shang Liu Huang (Imported Sulfur), Xiao Shi (Saltpeter, 1 liang each), Bai Fan (Alum), Xiong Huang (Realgar), Hua Shi (Talcum, 0.5 liang each), Bai Mian (Flour, 4 liang, finest grade). Grind to fine powder, mix with flour, drop water to form pills like paulownia seeds. Take 10-30 pills per dose with fresh well water. Children: size of millet seeds. If no Xiao Shi, use Pen Xiao (Potash). Laifu Huanglong is generally warm. For heatstroke/fainting on road, lift patient, warm umbilicus/abdomen with towel dipped in hot water, gradual recovery. Then take Laifu Dan powder mixed with well water. If no medicine, grind garlic finely, mix with new water, administer, and place small amount of garlic in nostrils.