内经论水病。谓其本在肾。其末在肺。又曰。肺为喘呼。肾为水肿。气痞满塞于胸中。
故有
也。
方
防己丸 主治水气肿满。肺气喘急。咳嗽。胸胀满闷。坐卧不得。喉中作声。心胸
痞滞。
防己 白前 五味子 紫菀（去苗土各半两） 马兜铃 桑根白皮（去皮） 陈橘皮（浸
焙
去白
丸。
如梧
泽泻丸 专治水气。腿股肿满。喘促咳嗽。坐卧不得。
泽泻 芫花（炒） 郁李仁（炒去皮尖） 牵牛子（炒头末） 防己 苦葶苈（炒各一
钱） 滑
石（
末。炼蜜和
丸
茯苓杏仁煎 疗气忽发满。胸中气急者。
茯苓（四两） 杏仁（四两去皮尖） 橘皮（三两） 上切。以水九升。先煮诸药取三
升。去
滓。
十圣丸 专治水病。喘促上气。消肿满。
大戟（炒） 桑白皮（炒切） 甘遂（炒） 甜葶苈（纸上炒） 巴豆（去皮心炒各半
两） 损随
子（
双仁炒
三分
病
势加
疗气忽发满。腹急者方。
猪肾（一具生破去膜） 桑根白皮（五两） 茯苓（四两） 泽漆叶（三两） 防己（三
两） 泽
泻（
以水一斗
三
三
甘遂汤（出圣惠方）治水肿。胸满气急。上喘。大小便涩。
甘遂（炒一两半） 赤茯苓（去皮） 郁李仁（浸去皮尖研） 黄芩（去心） 杏仁（去
皮尖双
仁炒
水二
盏。
利
疗气忽发。心满胸急者方。
桑白皮（四两） 橘皮（三两） 茯苓（四两） 杏仁（三两） 甘遂 泽泻（各三两）
黄芩（四两）
有甘草
三两。
又方
青羊肾（一具） 桑根白皮（四两） 茯苓（四两） 橘皮（三两） 李根白皮（四两）
黄（三两）
忌酢物。
黄 丸（出圣济总录）治水气。消肿定喘。
黄 （锉） 甘遂（炒） 青橘皮（浸焙去白） 麦 大戟（炒） 陈橘皮（浸去白
焙） 陈神
曲
苦葶苈丸（出圣济总录）治水气喘满。小便赤涩。腰腿浮肿。不得眠卧。
苦葶苈（一两三分纸上炒） 杏仁（三钱浸去皮尖炒研） 陈橘皮（汤浸去白焙四钱） 防
己（一
与二
味研
郁李仁汤（出圣惠方）治水肿。胸满气急。
郁李仁（浸去皮尖炒） 桑根白皮（炙） 赤小豆（炒各三两） 紫苏（一两半） 橘
皮（二两）
茅
葶苈散（出危氏方）治因饮水浆多。感冷湿。胸腹胀满。沥咯有声。喘急气促。
面色黄。
芫花（炒赤） 甘遂 大戟 黑牵牛（炒取为末） 上各等分。为末。每服一钱。先将
红枣
十枚
养。
茯苓汤 专治水肿。胸中气满喘急。
赤茯苓（去皮） 杏仁（去皮尖双仁炒各四两） 陈橘皮（浸去白炒二两） 上捣筛。
每服五
钱。
疗气忽发满胸急者。\x
大枣（三十枚打破） 上以水四升。煮取二升。内蜜和调。不得过甜。不得过酸。稍含
咽
之。
《黄帝内经》论述水病，认为其根本在肾，其标末在肺。又说：肺主喘呼，肾主水肿。气机痞塞满闷于胸中，因此出现水肿、胸满、气急等症状。
防己丸：主治水气引起的肿胀满闷，肺气喘促急促，咳嗽，胸部胀满憋闷，坐卧不安，喉中有痰鸣声，心胸痞塞滞碍。
组成：防己、白前、五味子、紫菀（去苗土各半两）、马兜铃、桑根白皮（去皮）、陈橘皮（浸焙去白）。上药研为细末，炼蜜和丸，如梧桐子大。每服三十丸，食后姜汤送下。
泽泻丸：专治水气。症状包括腿股肿胀满闷，喘促咳嗽，坐卧不得安宁。
组成：泽泻、芫花（炒）、郁李仁（炒去皮尖）、牵牛子（炒取头末）、防己、苦葶苈（炒各一钱）、滑石（研末）。上药研为细末，炼蜜和丸，如梧桐子大。每服二十丸，米饮送下。
茯苓杏仁煎：治疗气突然发作导致胸中满闷，气息急促者。
组成：茯苓（四两）、杏仁（四两去皮尖）、橘皮（三两）。以上药材切碎，用水九升，先煮诸药取三升，去渣。分三次温服。
十圣丸：专治水病。症状为喘促上气，消除肿胀满闷。
组成：大戟（炒）、桑白皮（炒切）、甘遂（炒）、甜葶苈（纸上炒）、巴豆（去皮心炒各半两）、葶苈子（双仁炒）。上药研为细末，炼蜜和丸，如梧桐子大。每服五丸，温水送下，根据病情轻重调整剂量。
猪肾方：治疗气突然发作导致胸中满闷，腹部拘急者。
组成：猪肾（一个，生剖开去膜）、桑根白皮（五两）、茯苓（四两）、泽漆叶（三两）、防己（三两）、泽泻（三两）。以上药材切碎，用水一斗，煮取三升，去渣。分三次温服。
甘遂汤（出自《太平圣惠方》）：治疗水肿，胸满气急，上气喘逆，大小便涩滞不通。
组成：甘遂（炒一两半）、赤茯苓（去皮）、郁李仁（浸去皮尖研）、黄芩（去心）、杏仁（去皮尖双仁炒）。上药切碎，用水二盏，煮取一盏，去渣。分两次温服，以利下水为度。
桑白皮方：治疗气突然发作，心下满闷，胸部急迫者。
组成：桑白皮（四两）、橘皮（三两）、茯苓（四两）、杏仁（三两）、甘遂、泽泻（各三两）、黄芩（四两）、甘草（三两）。上药切碎，用水六升，煮取二升，去渣。分三次温服。忌食醋物。
又一方：
组成：青羊肾（一个）、桑根白皮（四两）、茯苓（四两）、橘皮（三两）、李根白皮（四两）、黄芪（三两）。上药切碎，用水八升，煮取三升，去渣。分三次温服。忌食醋物。
黄芪丸（出自《济生方》或《圣济总录》，此处依原文标注圣济总录）：治疗水气，消除肿胀，定喘。
组成：黄芪（锉）、甘遂（炒）、青橘皮（浸焙去白）、麦麸、大戟（炒）、陈橘皮（浸去白焙）、陈神曲。上药研为细末，炼蜜和丸，如梧桐子大。每服二十丸，米饮送下。
苦葶苈丸（出自《圣济总录》）：治疗水气喘满，小便赤涩，腰腿浮肿，不能安睡。
组成：苦葶苈（一两三分，纸上炒）、杏仁（三钱，浸去皮尖炒研）、陈橘皮（汤浸去白焙四钱）、防己（一两）。上药研为细末，炼蜜和丸，如梧桐子大。每服二十丸，温水送下。
郁李仁汤（出自《太平圣惠方》）：治疗水肿，胸满气急。
组成：郁李仁（浸去皮尖炒）、桑根白皮（炙）、赤小豆（炒各三两）、紫苏（一两半）、橘皮（二两）。上药切碎，用水五升，煮取二升，去渣。分三次温服。
茅根葶苈散（出自《济生拔萃方》，此处依原文标注危氏方）：治疗因饮水过多，感受冷湿，导致胸腹胀满，沥沥有声，喘急气促，面色萎黄。
组成：芫花（炒赤）、甘遂、大戟、黑牵牛（炒取为末）。以上各等分，研为细末。每服一钱，先将红枣十枚煮烂，去核取肉，调药末服用，以养胃气。
茯苓汤：专治水肿，胸中气满喘急。
组成：赤茯苓（去皮）、杏仁（去皮尖双仁炒各四两）、陈橘皮（浸去白炒二两）。上药捣筛成散剂。每服五钱，用水一盏，煎至七分，去渣。温服。
大枣方：治疗气突然发作导致胸中满闷急迫者。
组成：大枣（三十枚，打破）。以上用水四升，煮取二升，加入蜂蜜调和。味道不得过甜，不得过酸，慢慢含咽之。
The *Neijing* (Inner Canon) discusses water diseases, stating that their root lies in the Kidney and their branch in the Lung. It further states: The Lung governs panting and wheezing, while the Kidney governs edema. When Qi becomes obstructed and distended within the chest, symptoms such as edema, chest fullness, and shortness of breath arise.
**Fangji Wan (Stephania Pill)**: Indicated for swelling and fullness caused by water-Qi, panting and rapid breathing due to Lung dysfunction, cough, chest distension and stifling sensation, inability to sit or lie comfortably, phlegm-rattle in the throat, and stagnation in the heart and chest.
Ingredients: Fangji (*Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix*), Baiqian (*Cynanchi Stellati Rhizoma*), Wuweizi (*Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus*), Ziwan (*Asteris Radix*) (remove seedlings and soil, 0.5 liang each), Madouling (*Aristolochiae Manshuriensis Fructus*), Sanggenbaipi (*Mori Cortex*), Chenjupi (*Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium* - soaked, roasted, remove white pith). Grind all ingredients into fine powder, mix with refined honey to form pills the size of wutong seeds. Take 30 pills after meals, washed down with ginger decoction.
**Zexie Wan (Alisma Pill)**: Specifically treats water-Qi. Symptoms include swelling and fullness of the legs and thighs, panting, cough, and inability to sit or lie comfortably.
Ingredients: Zexie (*Alismatis Rhizoma*), Yuanhua (*Genkwa Flos*) (stir-fried), Yuliren (*Prunus japonica Seed*) (roasted, remove skin and pointed ends), Qianniuzi (*Pharbitidis Semen*) (roasted, use the first powder), Fangji (*Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix*), Kutingleili (*Descurainiae Semen et Herba*) (stir-fried, 1 qian each), Huashi (*Talcum*) (powder). Grind into fine powder, mix with refined honey to form pills the size of wutong seeds. Take 20 pills, washed down with rice infusion.
**Fuling Xingren Jian (Poria and Apricot Kernel Decoction)**: Treats sudden onset of chest fullness and rapid breathing.
Ingredients: Fuling (*Poria*), Xingren (*Armeniacae Semen Amarum*) (remove skin and pointed ends, 4 liang each), Jupi (*Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium*) (3 liang). Cut the herbs. Boil in 9 sheng of water until reduced to 3 sheng. Strain. Divide into three doses and take warm.
**Shisheng Wan (Ten-Sage Pill)**: Specifically treats water disease. Symptoms include panting and upward rushing of Qi, eliminating swelling and fullness.
Ingredients: Daji (*Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix*) (stir-fried), Sangbaipi (*Mori Cortex*) (stir-fried and cut), Gansui (*Kansui Radix*) (stir-fried), Tiantingleili (*Descurainiae Semen*) (stir-fried on paper), Badou (*Crotonis Fructus*) (remove skin and heart, stir-fried, 0.5 liang each), Tinglizi (*Lepidii Semen*) (double kernel, stir-fried). Grind into fine powder, mix with refined honey to form pills the size of wutong seeds. Take 5 pills, washed down with warm water. Adjust dosage according to the severity of the condition.
**Zhushen Formula (Pig Kidney Formula)**: Treats sudden onset of chest fullness and abdominal tension.
Ingredients: Zhushen (*Suis Renalis*) (one piece, raw, split open, remove membrane), Sanggenbaipi (*Mori Cortex*) (5 liang), Fuling (*Poria*) (4 liang), Zeqiye (*Euphorbiae Helioscopiae Folium*) (3 liang), Fangji (*Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix*) (3 liang), Zexie (*Alismatis Rhizoma*) (3 liang). Cut the herbs. Boil in 1 dou of water until reduced to 3 sheng. Strain. Divide into three doses and take warm.
**Gansui Tang (Kansui Decoction)** (from *Taiping Shenghui Fang*): Treats edema, chest fullness and rapid breathing, upward panting, and obstruction of urination and defecation.
Ingredients: Gansui (*Kansui Radix*) (stir-fried, 1.5 liang), Chi Fuling (*Poria* with red interior, remove skin), Yuliren (*Prunus japonica Seed*) (soaked, remove skin and pointed ends, grind), Huangqin (*Scutellariae Radix*) (remove heart), Xingren (*Armeniacae Semen Amarum*) (remove skin and pointed ends, double kernel, stir-fried). Cut the herbs. Boil in 2 zhan of water until reduced to 1 zhan. Strain. Divide into two doses and take warm. Stop when diarrhea occurs to expel water.
**Sangbaipi Formula**: Treats sudden onset of Qi disturbance, subcardiac fullness, and chest tightness.
Ingredients: Sangbaipi (*Mori Cortex*) (4 liang), Jupi (*Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium*) (3 liang), Fuling (*Poria*) (4 liang), Xingren (*Armeniacae Semen Amarum*) (3 liang), Gansui (*Kansui Radix*), Zexie (*Alismatis Rhizoma*) (3 liang each), Huangqin (*Scutellariae Radix*) (4 liang), Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*) (3 liang). Cut the herbs. Boil in 6 sheng of water until reduced to 2 sheng. Strain. Divide into three doses and take warm. Avoid vinegar.
**Another Formula**:
Ingredients: Qingyangshen (*Caprae Hircus Renalis*) (one piece), Sanggenbaipi (*Mori Cortex*) (4 liang), Fuling (*Poria*) (4 liang), Jupi (*Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium*) (3 liang), Ligenshaipi (*Pruni Spinosa Cortex*) (4 liang), Huangqi (*Astragali Radix*) (3 liang). Cut the herbs. Boil in 8 sheng of water until reduced to 3 sheng. Strain. Divide into three doses and take warm. Avoid vinegar.
**Huangqi Wan (Astragalus Pill)** (from *Shengji Zonglu*): Treats water-Qi, reduces swelling, and calms panting.
Ingredients: Huangqi (*Astragali Radix*) (cut), Gansui (*Kansui Radix*) (stir-fried), Qingjupi (*Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride*) (soaked, roasted, remove white pith), Maikuai (*Tritici Fructus*), Daji (*Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix*) (stir-fried), Chenjupi (*Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium*) (soaked, remove white pith, roasted), Chenshenqu (*Massa Medicata Fermentata*) (processed). Grind into fine powder, mix with refined honey to form pills the size of wutong seeds. Take 20 pills, washed down with rice infusion.
**Kutingleili Wan (Descurainia Pill)** (from *Shengji Zonglu*): Treats water-induced panting and fullness, dark and scanty urine, edema of the waist and legs, and insomnia.
Ingredients: Kutingleili (*Descurainiae Semen et Herba*) (1.3 liang, stir-fried on paper), Xingren (*Armeniacae Semen Amarum*) (3 qian, soaked, remove skin and pointed ends, stir-fried and ground), Chenjupi (*Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium*) (soaked in hot water, remove white pith, roasted, 4 qian), Fangji (*Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix*) (1 liang). Grind into fine powder, mix with refined honey to form pills the size of wutong seeds. Take 20 pills, washed down with warm water.
**Yuliren Tang (Prunus Japonica Seed Decoction)** (from *Taiping Shenghui Fang*): Treats edema, chest fullness, and rapid breathing.
Ingredients: Yuliren (*Prunus japonica Seed*) (soaked, remove skin and pointed ends, stir-fried), Sanggenbaipi (*Mori Cortex*) (roasted), Chixiaodou (*Phaseoli Radiati Semen*) (roasted, 3 liang each), Zisu (*Perillae Folium*) (1.5 liang), Jupi (*Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium*) (2 liang). Cut the herbs. Boil in 5 sheng of water until reduced to 2 sheng. Strain. Divide into three doses and take warm.
**Maogen Tingli San (Imperata Root and Descurainia Powder)** (from *Weishi Fang*): Treats excessive water intake leading to cold-damp invasion, causing chest and abdominal fullness, gurgling sounds, rapid panting, and sallow complexion.
Ingredients: Yuanhua (*Genkwa Flos*) (stir-fried until red), Gansui (*Kansui Radix*), Daji (*Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix*), Hei Qianniu (*Pharbitidis Semen Nigrum*) (roasted and powdered). Mix equal parts of each into a fine powder. Take 1 qian per dose. First, boil ten red dates until soft, remove pits and flesh, and mix with the powder to take, to nourish the Stomach Qi.
**Fuling Tang (Poria Decoction)**: Specifically treats edema, chest Qi fullness, and rapid breathing.
Ingredients: Chi Fuling (*Poria* with red interior, remove skin), Xingren (*Armeniacae Semen Amarum*) (remove skin and pointed ends, double kernel, stir-fried, 4 liang each), Chenjupi (*Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium*) (soaked, remove white pith, stir-fried, 2 liang). Pound and sieve into powder. Take 5 qian per dose. Boil in 1 sheng of water until reduced to 0.7 sheng. Strain. Take warm.
**Dazao Formula (Jujube Formula)**: Treats sudden onset of chest fullness and tightness.
Ingredients: Dazao (*Ziziphi Jujubae Fructus*) (30 pieces, broken). Boil in 4 sheng of water until reduced to 2 sheng. Add honey and mix. The taste should not be too sweet nor too sour. Hold in the mouth and swallow slowly.