俗名荸荠，又名黑三棱
甘寒无毒。
发明 乌芋善毁铜为消坚削积之物，服丹石人宜之。痘疮干紫不能起发，同地龙捣烂，
入白酒酿绞服即起。又治酒客肺胃湿热，声音不清，及腹中热积蛊毒。《丹方》治痞积，三
伏时以火酒浸晒，每日空腹细嚼七枚，痞积渐消，故有黑三棱之名。凡有冷气人勿食。多食
令人患香港脚虚劳咳嗽，切禁。以其峻削肺气兼耗营血，故孕妇血竭忌之。
苦甘微寒，无毒。
发明 主治百毒，产后血闷攻心欲死，产难胞衣不出，并生捣汁服之。有香港脚瘫缓风人
勿食，以熟食壅气也。叶治小儿游风、丹毒，捣烂涂之即消。
辛温小毒。去目须炒。用蜀产者微辛不辣，色黄者气味微辛，散心包之火最胜。
色红者气味辛辣，壮命门之火最强。形如鸽铃者真，以子种出，其叶十三瓣者蜀椒也，闭口
者有毒伤人，误中其毒吐沫者，地浆水解之。
《本经》主邪气咳逆，温中，逐骨节皮肤死肌，寒热痹痛下气，久服头不白。
发明 椒乃手足太阴、少阴、厥阴气分之药。禀五行之气而生，叶青皮红花黄膜白子黑
，其气馨香，能使火气下达命门。故《本经》谓之下气，其主邪气咳逆等证，皆是脾肺二经
受病，肺虚则不能固密腠理，外邪客之，为咳逆。脾虚则不能温暖肌肉而为痛痹等证。其治
呕吐服药不纳者，必有蛔在膈间，但于呕吐药中加川椒数十粒，盖蛔闻药则动，遇椒则头伏
也。故仲景治蛔厥。乌梅丸用之。又能开痹湿，温中气，助心包命门之火。《本经》言久服
头不白者，辛温上通肾气之力可知。今乌须发方用之。一人腰痛痰喘，足冷如冰，六脉洪大
，按之却软，服八味丸无功，用椒红、茯苓蜜丸，盐汤下，甫二十日而安。但其性辛温气窜
，阴虚火旺人禁之。
俗名荸荠，又名黑三棱。
味甘、性寒，无毒。
【发明】乌芋具有摧毁铜器、消除坚硬积聚的功效，服用丹石类药物的人适宜食用。痘疮呈现干枯紫色且无法起发时，可与地龙（蚯蚓）一起捣烂，加入白酒酿后绞汁服用，即可促使痘疮起发。又用于治疗嗜酒者肺胃湿热导致的语音不清，以及腹中热积和蛊毒。《丹方》记载治疗痞积，在三伏天时用火酒浸泡并晾晒，每日空腹细细咀嚼七枚，痞积逐渐消散，因此得名“黑三棱”。凡体内有冷气者禁止食用。多食会导致患香港脚（足部肿痛或软弱无力）、虚劳咳嗽，务必禁忌。因为它峻烈地削伐肺气并耗损营血，所以孕妇血竭者忌用。
味苦、甘，性微寒，无毒。
【发明】主治各种毒邪，产后血气郁闭攻心导致欲死的状态，难产及胎盘不下，均生捣取汁服用。患有香港脚瘫痪迟缓风症的人不要食用，因为熟食会壅滞气机。其叶可治疗小儿游风、丹毒，捣烂外涂即可消退。
味辛，性温，有小毒。使用时需去除目须并炒制。使用四川产的蜀椒，味道微辛而不辣；颜色黄的蜀椒气味微辛，最能疏散心包之火。颜色红的蜀椒气味辛辣，壮命门之火的力量最强。形状像鸽铃的是真品，由种子种植而出，叶子有十三瓣的是蜀椒。闭口的蜀椒有毒，会伤人，如果误中毒出现吐沫症状，用地浆水可以解之。
《本经》记载蜀椒主治邪气引起的咳嗽气逆，温暖中焦，驱逐骨节皮肤中的死肌，治疗寒热痹痛，下气，久服可使头发不白。
【发明】蜀椒是手足太阴、少阴、厥阴气分经络的药物。它禀受五行之气而生，叶青、皮红、花黄、膜白、子黑，气味馨香，能使火气下达命门。所以《本经》说它能“下气”，它主治邪气咳逆等证候，都是脾肺二经受病所致。肺虚则不能固密腠理，外邪侵袭，导致咳嗽气逆。脾虚则不能温暖肌肉，导致疼痛痹阻等证候。它治疗呕吐且服药不受纳的情况，必定是因为膈间有蛔虫，只要在呕吐药中加入川椒数十粒，因为蛔虫闻到药味会动，遇到花椒头就会伏下。所以张仲景治疗蛔厥证的乌梅丸中使用了它。又能开通痹湿，温暖中气，助长心包和命门之火。《本经》说久服头发不白，可知其辛温上通肾气的力量。如今乌须发的方剂中也使用它。有一人腰痛痰喘，脚冷如冰，六脉洪大但重按却软，服用八味丸无效，改用椒红、茯苓制成蜜丸，用盐汤送下，刚二十天就痊愈了。但是蜀椒性质辛温且气窜，阴虚火旺之人禁用。
Commonly known as *Manihot esculenta* (note: text says 荸荠 which is water chestnut, but also 黑三棱 which is Sparganium; the text seems to conflate or describe specific varieties/aliases, strictly translating terms: Water Chestnut), also known as Hei San Leng.
Sweet in taste, cold in nature, non-toxic.
[Invention] Wuyu (Water Chestnut) has the property of destroying copper and eliminating hardness and accumulation; it is suitable for those taking Dan Shi (cinnabar and realgar pills). When smallpox lesions are dry and purple and fail to erupt, crush them together with Dilong (Earthworm, *Pheretima aspergillum*), add Baijiu Niang (white wine lees), squeeze out the juice, and take it orally to promote eruption. It also treats lung and stomach damp-heat in habitual drinkers causing unclear voice, as well as heat accumulation in the abdomen and Gu Du (parasitic poison). The *Dan Fang* records its use for treating Pi Ji (masses and accumulations): during the three Fu days, soak it in Huojiu (fire wine) and sun-dry it; chew seven pieces slowly on an empty stomach daily, and the masses will gradually dissipate, hence the name "Hei San Leng". Those with cold qi in the body should not eat it. Excessive consumption leads to Hong Kong Jiao (foot swelling/palsy, often referring to beriberi or gouty arthritis), consumptive fatigue, and coughing; this must be strictly prohibited. Because it severely cuts down Lung Qi and depletes Ying Blood, pregnant women with blood exhaustion should avoid it.
Bitter and sweet in taste, slightly cold in nature, non-toxic.
[Invention] It mainly treats various toxins, postpartum blood stagnation attacking the heart causing a death-like state, difficult labor, and retained placenta. Crush fresh roots/tubers to extract juice and take orally. Those suffering from Hong Kong Jiao with paralysis and sluggishness due to wind should not eat it, as cooked food causes Qi stagnation. Its leaves treat Xiao'er You Feng (pediatric wandering wind/rash) and Dan Du (erysipelas); crush and apply externally to resolve immediately.
Acrid in taste, warm in nature, slightly toxic. Remove the eyes and whiskers, and stir-fry before use. Shu Chan (Sichuan produced) Shujiao (Sichuan Pepper) is slightly acrid and not spicy; those with yellow color have a slightly acrid aroma and are most effective at dispersing Fire in the Pericardium. Those with red color are pungent and spicy and strongest in strengthening Fire at the Mingmen (Gate of Life). Those shaped like pigeon bells are authentic, grown from seeds; those with thirteen leaflets are Shujiao. Closed-mouth peppers are toxic and harmful to humans; if accidentally poisoned and vomiting saliva occurs, Di Jiang Shui (earth slurry water) can detoxify it.
The *Ben Jing* states that it treats evil Qi causing cough and reverse flow of Qi, warms the Middle Jiao, expels dead flesh in bones and joints and skin, treats Bi pain with cold and heat, descends Qi, and long-term use prevents whitening of hair.
[Invention] Jiao (Pepper) is a herb for the Qi aspect of the Hand and Foot Taiyin, Shaoyin, and Jueyin meridians. Born from the Qi of the Five Elements, its leaves are green, skin red, flower yellow, membrane white, and seed black. Its fragrant aroma allows Fire Qi to descend to the Mingmen. Thus, the *Ben Jing* calls it "descending Qi." Its treatment of evil Qi cough and reverse flow indicates disease in the Spleen and Lung meridians. When Lung is deficient, it cannot secure the Cou Li (pores/skin texture), allowing external evil to invade, causing cough and reverse flow. When Spleen is deficient, it cannot warm the muscles, leading to painful Bi syndromes. For treating vomiting where medicine is rejected, there must be Ascaris (roundworms) between the diaphragm. Adding dozens of grains of Chuan Jiao (Sichuan Pepper) to the anti-emetic works because roundworms move upon smelling medicine but subside upon encountering pepper. Therefore, Zhang Zhongjing used it in Wu Mei Wan (Mume Pill) to treat Hui Jue (Ascaris syncope). It can also open Bi dampness, warm Middle Qi, and assist the Fire of the Pericardium and Mingmen. The *Ben Jing*'s statement that long-term use prevents hair whitening reveals its power to ascend and connect to Kidney Qi through its acrid-warm nature. It is now used in formulas for darkening hair. A patient suffered from lower back pain, phlegm and wheezing, and feet cold as ice. The six pulses were surging but soft upon deep pressure. Ba Wei Wan (Eight-Ingredient Pill) was ineffective. Using Jiao Hong (pepper pericarp) and Fu Ling (Poria) made into honey pills, taken with salt water, he recovered in just twenty days. However, due to its acrid-warm and penetrating nature, it is contraindicated for those with Yin deficiency and hyperactive Fire.