甘平无毒。蒸熟曝干自裂，入药炒研用。色黄油透者勿用。
《本经》主惊悸，益气除风湿，安五脏。久服令人润泽美色，耳目聪明，不饥不老，轻
身延年。
发明 柏子仁性平而补，味甘而辛。其气清香，能通心肾益脾胃，宜乎滋养之剂用之。
《本经》言除风湿者，以其性燥也。《别录》疗恍惚及历节腰中重痛，即《本经》主惊悸除
风湿也。《经疏》以为除风湿痹之功非润药所能，当是叶之能事，岂知其质虽润，而性却燥
，未有香药之性不燥者也。好古以为肝经气分药。时珍言，养心气，润肾燥，安魂定魄，益
智宁神，即《本经》之安五脏也。昔人以其多油而滑痰多作泻忌服，盖不知其性燥而无伤中
泥痰之患。久服每致大便燥结，以芳香走气而无益血之功也。
节油
苦微寒，无毒。酒浸焙熟用。
发明 柏叶性寒而燥，大能伐胃。虽有止衄之功，而无阳生之力，故亡血虚家不宜擅服
。然配合之力，功过悬殊。如《金匮》柏叶汤，同姜、艾治吐血不止，当无此虑矣。若《济
急方》同黄连治小便血，《圣济总录》同芍药治月水不断，纵藉酒之辛温，以行苦寒之势。
但酒力易过，苦寒长留，每致减食作泻，瘀积不散，是岂柏叶之过欤。柏节坚劲，用以煮汁
、酿酒，去风痹历节风，烧取 油疗 疮疥癞。柏脂治身面疣，同松脂研匀涂之数日自落。
根白皮以腊猪脂调，涂火灼热油烫疮，能凉血生毛发。
柏子仁：味甘、性平，无毒。经过蒸熟后晒干会自然开裂，入药时需炒制并研磨使用。颜色发黄且油润透亮的不要使用。
《神农本草经》记载其主治惊悸，能益气并祛除风湿，安定五脏。长期服用能使人体润泽、面色美好，耳目灵敏聪明，不感饥饿也不衰老，身体轻盈并能延年益寿。
发明（后世医家的阐发）：柏子仁性质平和而具有补益作用，味道甘甜兼有辛味。其气味清香，能够交通心肾、补益脾胃，因此适宜用于滋养类的方剂中。《神农本草经》说它能祛除风湿，是因为它的性质偏燥。《名医别录》记载治疗神志恍惚以及历节病导致的腰部沉重疼痛，这其实就是《神农本草经》所说的治疗惊悸和祛除风湿的作用。缪希雍在《本草经疏》中认为，祛除风湿痹痛的功效不是滋润的药物所能做到的，这应该是柏叶的功能，哪里知道柏子仁虽然质地滋润，但性质却是干燥的，没有哪种芳香药物的性质是不干燥的。李时珍认为它是入肝经气分的药物。李时珍还说，它能养心气、润肾燥、安魂定魄、益智宁神，这就是《神农本草经》所说的“安定五脏”。过去的人因为柏子仁多油且滑，认为痰多者服用会导致腹泻，所以忌服，这是因为他们不了解它性质干燥而没有损伤脾胃、滋生痰湿的弊端。长期服用往往导致大便干燥结秘，这是因为它芳香走窜耗气，而没有补血的功效。
柏叶（柏节）：味苦，微寒，无毒。用酒浸泡后焙干使用。
发明：柏叶性质寒凉而干燥，非常能够损伤胃气。虽然它有止血的功效，但没有阳气生长的力量，所以失血过多或体质虚弱的人不宜擅自服用。然而，药物的配合使用使得功效与副作用相差悬殊。例如《金匮要略》中的柏叶汤，配合生姜、艾叶治疗吐血不止，就没有这种顾虑了。如果是《济急方》中配合黄连治疗尿血，《圣济总录》中配合芍药治疗月经淋漓不尽，即使借助酒的辛温之性来推行苦寒的药势，但酒力容易消散，苦寒之性却长久留存，往往导致食欲减退、腹泻，瘀血积滞不散，这难道是柏叶的过错吗？柏枝节坚硬强劲，用来煮汁或酿酒，可以祛除风痹和历节风；烧取柏脂油治疗疮疥癞疾。柏脂用于治疗身上和面部的疣，配合松脂研匀涂抹，几天后自然会脱落。柏根白皮用腊月猪油调和，涂抹于火烧、热油烫伤处，能凉血并促进毛发再生。
Bai Zi Ren (Biota Seed): Sweet, neutral in nature, non-toxic. After steaming and sun-drying, it cracks open naturally; for medicinal use, it should be stir-fried and ground. Those that are yellowish, oily, and translucent should not be used.
*Shennong Bencao Jing* (Divine Farmer's Materia Medica) states that it treats palpitations and fright, benefits Qi, dispels wind-dampness, and calms the five Zang organs. Long-term consumption makes the body lustrous and complexion beautiful, ears and eyes sharp and clear, prevents hunger and aging, lightens the body, and prolongs life.
Invention (Later Medical Elucidations): Bai Zi Ren is neutral in nature and tonifying, sweet in taste with a pungent quality. Its aroma is fresh and clear, capable of connecting the Heart and Kidney, and benefiting the Spleen and Stomach, making it suitable for nourishing formulations. When *Shennong Bencao Jing* mentions dispelling wind-dampness, it is due to its dry nature. *Mingyi Bielu* (Record of Famous Physicians) records treating mental confusion and severe pain/heaviness in the waist associated with Li Jie syndrome (painful obstruction of joints), which corresponds to the treatment of palpitations and dispelling wind-dampness mentioned in *Shennong Bencao Jing*. Miao Xiyong in *Bencao Jing Shu* (Elucidation of the Materia Medica) argued that the efficacy of dispelling wind-dampness bi-syndrome cannot be achieved by moistening herbs, suggesting this might be the function of the leaf. However, he failed to realize that although its substance is moist, its nature is actually dry; no aromatic herb lacks a drying nature. Li Dongyuan considered it a herb entering the Liver channel Qi level. Li Shizhen stated it nourishes Heart Qi, moistens Kidney dryness, calms the Hun (Ethereal Soul) and Po (Corporeal Soul), enhances wisdom, and pacifies the Spirit, which aligns with the "calming the five Zang organs" described in *Shennong Bencao Jing*. Ancients avoided using it for patients with excessive phlegm because its oiliness causes diarrhea, failing to understand that its dry nature does not damage the Middle Jiao or generate sticky phlegm. Long-term use often leads to dry stool constipation because its aromatic quality moves Qi without benefiting Blood.
Bai Ye (Biota Leaf/Branches): Bitter, slightly cold, non-toxic. Use after soaking in wine and baking.
Invention: Bai Ye is cold in nature and drying, strongly damaging to Stomach Qi. Although it has hemostatic effects, it lacks the power to generate Yang; therefore, it is unsuitable for those who have lost blood or are constitutionally deficient to take arbitrarily. However, the synergy of herbal combinations significantly alters the balance of efficacy and side effects. For instance, in *Jin Gui Yao Lue* (Essential Prescriptions from the Golden Cabinet), Bai Ye Tang combined with Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger Rhizome) and Ai Ye (Mugwort Leaf) treats persistent vomiting of blood, avoiding such concerns. In contrast, *Ji Ji Fang* (Urgent Aid Formulas) combines it with Huang Lian (Coptis Rhizome) to treat hematuria, and *Sheng Ji Zong Lu* (General Records of Saving Lives) combines it with Shao Yao (Peony Root) to treat continuous menstruation. Even relying on the acrid-warm nature of wine to promote the bitter-cold action, the wine's power dissipates easily while the bitter-cold nature remains long, often leading to reduced appetite and diarrhea, and failure to disperse blood stasis. Is this the fault of Bai Ye? The firm and tough branches of the Biota tree can be boiled for juice or brewed into wine to dispel wind-bi and Li Jie wind-syndrome. Burning the leaves to extract oil treats sores, scabies, and leprosy. Bai Zhi (Biota Resin) treats warts on the body and face; when mixed evenly with Song Zhi (Pine Resin) and applied, they fall off naturally after a few days. The white bark of the root, mixed with pig fat from the twelfth lunar month, applied to burns and scalds, cools Blood and promotes hair growth.