甘寒，无毒。色青赤者有毒。
《本经》主身热泄 ，女子乳难癃闭，利小便，荡胃中积聚寒热，益精气。
发明 滑石利窍，不独利小便也。上能散表，下利水道，为荡热散湿，通利六腑九
窍之
专剂。取甘淡之味，以清肺胃之气下达膀胱也。详《本经》诸治皆清热利窍之义。河间益元
散通治表里上下诸热。解时气则以葱豉汤下。催生则以香油、浆水调服。暑伤心包则以本方
加辰砂末一分，使热从手足太阳而泄也。惟元气下陷，小便清利及精滑者勿服。久病阴精不
足内热，以致小水短少赤涩，虽有泄泻，皆为切禁。而《本经》又言益精气者，言邪热去而
精气自复也。
甘酸辛温，无毒。五色石脂并温，无毒。
《本经》养心气明目益精，疗腹痛肠 下痢赤白，小便利，及痈疽疮痔，女子崩中漏
下，产难，胞衣不出。
发明 赤石脂功专止血固下。仲景桃花汤治下利便脓血者，取石脂之重涩入下焦血分
而固脱，干姜之辛温，暖下焦气分而补虚，粳米之甘温，佐石脂而固肠胃也。火热暴注；初
痢有积热者勿用。《本经》养心气，明目益精，是指精血脱泄之病而言，用以固敛其脱，则
目明精益矣。疗腹痛肠 等疾，以其开泄无度，日久不止，故取涩以固之也。治产难胞衣
不出，乃指日久去血过多无力迸下，故取重以镇之也。东垣所谓胞衣不出，涩剂可以下之。
设血气壅滞而胞衣不出，又非石脂所宜也。其白者敛肺气、涩大肠。《金匮》风引汤用之专
取以杜虚风复入之路也。青者入肝，黄者入脾，黑者入肾，总取治崩利水之功，各随其色而
用之。
《神农本草经》记载：主治身体发热引起的泄泻，妇女乳汁不通及小便癃闭，通利小便，清除胃中积聚的寒热邪气，补益精气。
发明：滑石能通利窍道，不仅限于通利小便。在上能发散表邪，在下通利水道，是清除热邪、驱散湿气，通畅六腑和九窍的专用药物。取其甘淡之味，以清降肺胃之气下达膀胱。详细分析《神农本草经》中的各种治疗作用，都是清热利窍的含义。刘河间创制的益元散可通治表里上下各种热证。解除时行疫病可用葱豉汤送服。催产则用香油、浆水调服本方。暑热损伤心包络，则在原方中加入一分辰砂末，使热邪从手太阳小肠经和足太阳膀胱经排出。只有元气下陷、小便清长通畅以及遗精滑泄者不宜服用。久病导致阴精不足产生内热，致使小便短少、色赤涩痛，即使伴有泄泻，也绝对禁忌服用。而《神农本草经》又说能“益精气”，是指去除邪热后精气自然恢复的意思。
《神农本草经》记载：滋养心气，明目，补益精气，治疗腹痛、肠鸣泄痢（下痢赤白），小便通利，以及痈疽疮痔，妇女崩漏下血，难产，胎盘不下。
发明：赤石脂的功效专在于止血和固涩下焦。张仲景的桃花汤治疗下利便脓血，是利用石脂的重浊涩滞之性入下焦血分以固脱止泻，干姜的辛温之性暖下焦气分以补虚，粳米的甘温之性，辅助石脂以固护肠胃。火热急迫暴注；初痢有积热者禁用。《神农本草经》所说的养心气、明目、益精，是针对精血脱泄的病证而言，利用其固敛作用防止脱泄，则目明精益。治疗腹痛肠鸣等疾，是因为肠道开泄无度，日久不止，所以取用涩剂来固摄。治疗难产胎盘不下，是指因日久失血过多无力排出，所以取用重镇之性以助排出。李东垣所谓胎盘不下，涩剂可以使其下行。如果气血壅滞导致胎盘不下，又不是石脂适宜的情况了。白色的石脂收敛肺气、涩大肠。《金匮要略》的风引汤使用它，专门用来杜绝虚风再次入侵的途径。青色入肝，黄色入脾，黑色入肾，总体取用其治疗崩漏和利水的功效，各随其颜色而使用。
Sweet and cold, non-toxic. Those with a greenish-red color are toxic.
The *Shennong Bencao Jing* (Divine Farmer's Materia Medica) states: It treats fever accompanied by diarrhea, difficulty in lactation and urinary retention (long-bi) in women, promotes urination, eliminates accumulated cold-heat in the stomach, and benefits essence and qi.
Invention: Huashi (Talcum) unblocks orifices, not only promoting urination. Superiorly it can disperse exterior pathogens, inferiorly it promotes water pathways. It is a specialized agent for clearing heat, dispersing dampness, and unblocking the six fu-organs and nine orifices. It takes the sweet and bland flavor to clear and descend the qi of the Lung and Stomach to the Bladder. A detailed examination of the various treatments in the *Shennong Bencao Jing* reveals the principle of clearing heat and unblocking orifices. Hejian’s Yiyuan San (Benefit Yuan Powder) treats all kinds of heat in the interior and exterior, upper and lower. To resolve seasonal epidemic pathogens, administer with Congchi Tang (Scallion and Fermented Soybean Decoction). For inducing labor, take with sesame oil and rice water. When summerheat injures the Pericardium, add one fen of Chen Sha (Cinnabar) powder to this formula, so that heat drains through the Hand-Taiyang Small Intestine and Foot-Taiyang Bladder channels. Only those with sinking of Yuan Qi (Original Qi), clear and copious urination, and seminal emission should avoid taking it. In chronic illness with insufficiency of Yin-Essence causing internal heat, leading to short, scanty, red, and painful urination, even if accompanied by diarrhea, it is strictly contraindicated. The statement in the *Shennong Bencao Jing* that it "benefits essence and qi" means that after pathogenic heat is removed, essence and qi naturally recover.
Sweet, sour, acrid, and warm, non-toxic. Shi Zhi (Red Stone Lip) of five colors are all warm and non-toxic.
The *Shennong Bencao Jing* states: It nourishes Heart-Qi, brightens the eyes, benefits essence, treats abdominal pain, intestinal rumbling with dysentery (passing red and white discharge), facilitates urination, and treats carbuncles, ulcers, sores, hemorrhoids, uterine bleeding (beng-lou), difficult labor, and retained placenta.
Invention: Chishizhi (Red Stone Lip) specializes in stopping bleeding and securing the lower jiao. Zhang Zhongjing’s Taohua Tang (Peach Kernel Decoction) treats dysentery with pus and blood, utilizing the heavy and astringent nature of Shi Zhi to enter the Blood aspect of the Lower Jiao to secure collapse; the acrid-warm nature of Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) to warm the Qi aspect of the Lower Jiao and tonify deficiency; and the sweet-warm nature of Jingmi (Rice Grain) to assist Shi Zhi in securing the intestines and stomach. It is contraindicated in cases of violent sudden diarrhea due to fire-heat, and initial dysentery with accumulated heat. The statement in the *Shennong Bencao Jing* about nourishing Heart-Qi, brightening eyes, and benefiting essence refers to conditions of Essence-Blood depletion and leakage; by using it to secure and contain the leakage, vision becomes clear and essence becomes abundant. It treats abdominal pain and intestinal disorders because the intestines have been open and leaking without limit for a long time, thus an astringent is taken to secure them. It treats difficult labor with retained placenta, referring to cases where excessive blood loss over a long period leads to weakness and inability to expel the placenta; thus, its heavy nature is used to anchor and assist expulsion. Li Dongyuan stated that for retained placenta, astringents can be used to induce descent. However, if the placenta fails to descend due to stagnation of Qi and Blood, it is not suitable for Shi Zhi. White Shi Zhi收敛s Lung-Qi and astringes the Large Intestine. Fengyin Tang (Wind-Driving Away Decoction) in the *Jingui Yaolue* (Essential Prescriptions of the Golden Cabinet) uses it specifically to block the pathway for deficient wind to re-enter. Green enters the Liver, yellow enters the Spleen, black enters the Kidney; generally, their efficacy in treating beng-lou and promoting diuresis is utilized, applied according to their respective colors.