甘平，无毒。
发明 大豆曰菽，色黄，入脾，泻而不补。色黑入肾，泻中寓补。《本经》云，生研和
醋涂痈肿，煎汁饮杀鬼毒止痛。《日华》云，制金石药毒。时珍云，水浸捣汁解矾石、砒石
、乌附、射罔、甘遂、巴豆、芫青、斑蝥百药之毒。古方取用甚多，炒热酒淋。治风毒香港脚
，筋脉拘挛，产后中风口 ，头风破伤，并宜炒熟酒淋服之。黄大豆生泄利，熟壅气，生痰
动嗽诸病，皆非所宜。惟痘后余毒发痈，炒黑研末，以香油调敷之；生浸细磨和滓炒热敷肿
疡背疮，冷则换热者，频敷即消。误食毒物，生捣研，水灌吐之。诸菌毒不得吐者，浓煎汁
饮之。又试内痈及臭毒腹痛，并与生黄豆嚼，甜而不恶心者，为上部有痈脓及臭毒发沙之真
候。其生黄豆叶嚼烂罨蛇虺伤立效。白扁豆入脾经气分，能和中止呕，得木瓜治伤暑霍乱。
《金匮》云，扁豆，病寒热者不可食之，以其能滞气也。若脾虚寒热不止，则扁豆又非禁剂
。一种紫黑者，入脾经血分，治失血血痢，俱炒黑用之。扁豆花治下痢脓血，赤白带下。叶
治霍乱吐下，吐痢后转筋，生捣一握，入醋少许绞汁，服之立瘥。细黑豆，一名 豆，俗名
科豆，入肾经血分，同青盐、旱莲草、何首乌蒸熟，但食黑豆则须发不白，其补肾之功可知
。今人以制何首乌取以引入肾经也。黑豆炒焦淋酒，即豆淋酒也，头风、香港脚咸取用之，以
其直达肾经血分也。大豆黄卷，黑大豆发芽是也。《本经》治湿痹筋挛膝痛，除胃气结积，
益气解毒，《金匮》薯蓣丸用之，取其入脾胃散湿热也。赤小豆，即赤豆之小而色黯者，俗
名猪肝赤。其性下行通利小肠，故能利水、降火，久食令人枯燥，瓜蒂散用之，以泄胸中寒
实，正以其利水清热也。生末敷痈肿，为伤寒发颐要药。发芽同当归治便红肠痈，取其能散
蓄积之毒也。绿豆甘凉解毒，能明目，解附子、砒石诸石药毒，而与榧子相反，误犯伤人。
绿豆粉治痈疽，内托护心丹极言其效。真粉乃绿豆所作，取陈者蜜调敷痘毒。痘疮湿烂不结
痂者，干扑之良。绿豆壳治痘生目翳。蚕豆甘温性滞，中气虚者，食之令人腹胀。《积善
堂方》言，一女子误吞针入腹，诸医不能治，有人教令煮蚕豆同韭菜食之，针自大便同出。
误吞金银物者用之皆效。豌豆，一名毕豆。补中益气，烧灰治痘疹、黑疔。神黄豆产缅甸，
形如槐子，近时稀痘方用之，一阳日用清水磨服。淡豆豉，用黑豆淘净，伏天水浸一宿，蒸
熟摊干，蒿覆三日，候黄色取晒，下瓮筑实，桑叶浓盖，泥封七日取出，又晒，酒拌入瓮，
如此七次，再蒸如前即是。主伤寒头疼，寒热烦闷，温毒发斑，瘴气恶毒。入吐剂发汗。并
治虚劳喘吸，脚膝疼冷，大病后胸中虚烦之圣药。合栀子治心下懊 ，同葱白治温病头痛。
兼人中黄、山栀、腊茶，治瘟热疫疠，虚烦喘逆。与甘、桔、葳蕤，治风热燥咳，皆香豉为
圣药。盖瓜蒂吐胸中寒实，豆豉吐虚热懊 。得葱则发汗，得盐则涌吐，得酒则治风，得薤
则治痢，得蒜则止血，生用则发散，炒熟则止汗，然必江右制者方堪入药。入发散药，陈者
为胜。入涌吐药，新者为良。以水浸绞汁，治误食鸟兽肝中毒，服数升愈。豇豆，补肾健胃
，解莽草毒。刀豆，缓补元阳，其子治病后呃逆不止，烧灰存性，白汤调服二钱即止，亦取
其降浊气之力也。
性味甘平，无毒。
【发明】大豆又称菽，颜色黄，入脾经，功效为泻而不补。颜色黑的大豆入肾经，在泻中寓含补益作用。《神农本草经》记载，将生大豆研碎与醋混合涂抹可治疗痈肿，煎汁饮用能杀灭鬼毒并止痛。《日华子本草》记载，大豆能制约金石药物的毒性。李时珍说，用水浸泡后捣汁，能解矾石、砒石、乌头附子、射罔、甘遂、巴豆、芫青、斑蝥等百种药物的毒性。古方中取用大豆的方法很多，如炒热后用酒淋渍。用于治疗风毒引起的香港脚（足部肿痛）、筋脉拘挛、产后中风口眼歪斜、头风及破伤风等，都适宜炒熟后用酒淋渍服用。黄大豆生用会导致泄利，熟用会壅滞气机、生痰引发咳嗽等疾病，均不适宜。只有在痘疹后余毒引发痈肿时，可将大豆炒黑研末，用香油调敷；或将生大豆浸湿细磨连同渣滓一起炒热敷于肿胀的疮疡背部，变冷则更换热的，频繁敷贴即可消散。误食毒物，将生大豆捣碎研烂，用水灌服催吐。对于各种菌毒无法通过呕吐排出的，浓煎汁液饮用。另外测试体内痈脓及臭毒腹痛，让患者咀嚼生黄豆，若感觉甜而不恶心，则是上部有痈脓及臭毒发作的真实征候。生黄豆叶嚼烂外敷治疗蛇虫咬伤，立即见效。白扁豆入脾经气分，能调和脾胃、止呕，配合木瓜可治疗伤暑霍乱。《金匮要略》说，患有寒热症状的人不可食用扁豆，因为它会阻滞气机。如果脾虚导致的寒热不止，那么扁豆又不是禁忌药物。其中一种紫黑色的扁豆，入脾经血分，治疗失血和血痢，均需炒黑使用。扁豆花治疗下痢脓血、赤白带下。扁豆叶治疗霍乱吐泻，吐泻后出现的转筋（肌肉痉挛），取一把生扁豆叶捣烂，加入少许醋绞汁服用，立即痊愈。细黑豆，又名[缺字]豆，俗名科豆，入肾经血分，同青盐、旱莲草、何首乌蒸熟食用，只吃黑豆就能使须发不白，其补肾的功效可以推知。现在人们用它来制作何首乌，以引入肾经。黑豆炒焦后淋酒，就是豆淋酒，治疗头风、香港脚都常用，因为它能直达肾经血分。大豆黄卷，是黑大豆发芽而成。《神农本草经》认为它能治疗湿痹、筋挛膝痛，消除胃气结积，益气解毒，《金匮要略》中的薯蓣丸中使用它，是取其入脾胃散湿热的作用。赤小豆，即赤豆中较小且颜色暗红的，俗名猪肝赤。其性质下行通利小肠，所以能利水、降火，久食使人身体枯燥，瓜蒂散中使用它，是为了宣泄胸中的寒实邪气，正是利用其利水清热的功效。生粉外敷治疗痈肿，是治疗伤寒发颐（腮腺炎）的要药。发芽后同当归一起治疗便血和肠痈，是取其能消散蓄积之毒的功效。绿豆性甘凉，能解毒、明目，能解附子、砒石等石药的毒性，但与榧子相反，误合服用会伤人。绿豆粉治疗痈疽，内托护心丹极力推崇其疗效。真正的粉是由绿豆制成的，取陈年的绿豆粉用蜂蜜调敷治疗痘毒。痘疮湿烂不结痂的，干扑绿豆粉效果良好。绿豆壳治疗痘疹引发的目翳。蚕豆性甘温但性质滞涩，中气虚弱的人食用后会让人腹胀。《积善堂方》记载，一名女子误吞针入腹，众医不能治，有人教令煮蚕豆同韭菜食用，针自然随大便排出。误吞金银物品者用此法也有效。豌豆，又名毕豆。能补中益气，烧成灰治疗痘疹、黑疔。神黄豆产自缅甸，形状像槐树种子，近来用于稀痘（预防天花）的方剂中使用，一阳日用清水磨服。淡豆豉，用黑豆淘洗干净，伏天水浸一夜，蒸熟摊干，用蒿草覆盖三天，待变黄色取出晒干，装入瓮中压实，用浓桑叶盖严，泥封七天取出，再晒，用酒拌入瓮中，如此重复七次，再按前法蒸制即可。主治伤寒头痛、寒热烦闷、温毒发斑、瘴气恶毒。作为催吐剂可发汗。也是治疗虚劳喘吸、脚膝疼冷、大病后胸中虚烦的神药。配合栀子治疗心中懊憹（烦闷不适），同葱白治疗温病头痛。兼用人中黄、山栀、腊茶，治疗瘟热疫疠、虚烦喘逆。配合甘草、桔梗、葳蕤，治疗风热燥咳，都是以香豉为圣药。大概瓜蒂能吐出胸中的寒实邪气，豆豉能吐出虚热引起的懊憹。得葱则能发汗，得盐则能涌吐，得酒则能治风，得薤则能治痢，得蒜则能止血，生用则发散，炒熟则止汗，但必须是江西制造的才堪入药。加入发散药中，陈久的为佳；加入涌吐药中，新制的为好。用水浸泡绞汁，治疗误食鸟兽肝中毒，服用数升即可痊愈。豇豆，补肾健胃，解莽草毒。刀豆，缓补元阳，其子用于治疗病后呃逆不止，烧灰存性，用白开水调服二钱即可停止，也是取其降浊气的力量。
Nature: Sweet and neutral, non-toxic.
[Invention/Commentary] Soybeans are also called Shu (Soybean). Those with yellow color enter the Spleen meridian; their action is purgative rather than tonifying. Those with black color enter the Kidney meridian; within their purgative action lies a tonifying effect. *Shennong Bencao Jing* states that raw soybeans ground and mixed with vinegar applied topically treat carbuncles and swellings; decocted juice ingested kills "ghost toxins" and relieves pain. *Ri Hua Zi Bencao* states they counteract the toxicity of mineral drugs. Li Shizhen said that juice extracted from water-soaked and pounded soybeans resolves the toxicity of alum, realgar, Aconite (Fuzi), She Wang (Aconite derivative), Kansui, Croton seed, Mylabris, and Meloidae beetles, among hundreds of other toxic substances. Ancient prescriptions utilize soybeans in many ways, such as heating them and pouring wine over them. This method treats wind-toxic Hongjiaojiao (Gouty foot/Foot swelling), muscle spasms, postpartum stroke with facial deviation, headache due to wind, and traumatic tetanus; all are suitable for treatment by consuming soybeans cooked until ripe and soaked in wine. Raw yellow soybeans cause diarrhea, while cooked ones cause Qi stagnation, generate phlegm, and trigger coughs; thus, they are generally unsuitable for these conditions. Only when residual toxins after smallpox/variolola erupt into carbuncles should soybeans be charred black, ground into powder, and applied with sesame oil. For swollen ulcers on the back, raw soybeans can be soaked, finely ground with dregs, heated, and applied as a warm compress; replace with fresh hot compresses when cold, frequent application leads to resolution. If one mistakenly ingests poison, raw soybeans are pounded into a paste and administered with water to induce vomiting. For various microbial toxins where vomiting cannot expel them, a concentrated decoction is drunk. Furthermore, to test for internal abscesses or foul-smelling toxin abdominal pain, have the patient chew raw soybeans; if the taste is sweet without nausea, it indicates the true sign of upper body abscess pus or foul-smelling toxin eruption. Chewing raw soybean leaves and applying the pulp externally immediately heals snake or insect bites. White Hyacinth Bean (Bai Biandou) enters the Qi aspect of the Spleen meridian; it harmonizes the middle Jiao and stops vomiting. Combined with Papaya (Mugua), it treats summerheat-induced cholera-like syndrome (*Jinkui Yaolue* notes that those suffering from alternating chills and fever should not eat beans because they obstruct Qi flow. However, if chills and fever persist due to Spleen deficiency and cold, then Hyacinth bean is no longer contraindicated). One variety, purple-black in color, enters the Blood aspect of the Spleen meridian and treats hemorrhage and bloody dysentery; both require charring before use. Hyacinth bean flowers treat dysentery with pus and blood, and leukorrhea (white and red discharge). Leaves treat cholera with vomiting and diarrhea, and muscle spasms following vomiting/diarrhea; take a handful of raw leaves, pound them, add a little vinegar, extract the juice, and ingest for immediate recovery. Fine Black Beans (Heidou), also known as [missing character] dou, commonly called Kedou, enter the Blood aspect of the Kidney meridian. Steamed together with Blue Salt (Qingyan), Eclipta (Hanliancao), and Polygonum multiflorum (Heshouwu), consuming only black beans prevents graying of hair and beard, demonstrating its kidney-tonifying power. Currently, people use it to process Heshouwu to guide it into the Kidney meridian. Charred black beans soaked in wine constitute Doulin Jiu (Bean-dripping Wine), frequently used for headaches and Hongjiaojiao, as it directly reaches the Blood aspect of the Kidney meridian. Da Huang Juan (Soybean Sprouts) are sprouted black soybeans. *Shennong Bencao Jing* says it treats damp-bi with muscle spasms and knee pain, removes stomach Qi knotting and accumulation, benefits Qi, and detoxifies. It is used in *Jinkui Yaolue*'s Shuyu Wan to leverage its ability to disperse damp-heat entering the Spleen and Stomach. Chi Xiaodou (Red Adzuki Bean), specifically the smaller, darker red variety, commonly called Zhu Gan Chi (Pig Liver Red), has a descending nature that unblocks and promotes urination via the Small Intestine. Thus, it promotes diuresis and descends fire; long-term consumption causes dryness. It is used in Guiti San to vent cold-excess in the chest, precisely utilizing its diuretic and heat-clearing properties. Raw powder applied topically treats carbuncles and is a key medicine for Shanghan Fayi (Parotitis). Sprouted combined with Angelica sinensis (Danggui) treats hematochezia and intestinal abscesses, leveraging its ability to dissipate accumulated toxins. Mung Bean (Lvdou) is sweet and cool, detoxifies, brightens the eyes, and resolves toxicity of Aconite, Realgar, and other mineral drugs. It is incompatible with Torreyaspermum (Feizi); mistaken combination harms humans. Mung bean powder treats carbuncles and sores; Neituo Huxin Dan highly praises its efficacy. True powder is made from mung beans; aged powder mixed with honey applies to varicella toxins. For wet, rotting varicella lesions that do not scab, dry dusting with mung bean powder is excellent. Mung bean shells treat corneal opacity arising from varicella. Fava Bean (Candou) is sweet, warm, and cloying/stagnant; those with deficient Middle Qi experience abdominal distension after eating it. *Jishan Tang Fang* records a case where a girl accidentally swallowed a needle; physicians failed to treat her. Someone advised boiling fava beans with Chinese chives (Jiucai); the needle was naturally excreted with stool. This method is also effective for accidentally ingesting gold or silver objects. Pea (Wandou), also called Bidou, tonifies the center and benefits Qi. Ashed and powdered, it treats varicella/rash and black carbuncles. Shenhuangdou originates from Myanmar, resembling locust seeds; recent formulas for preventing smallpox use it, taken orally with clear water ground by Yiyang. Dan Douchi (Fermented Black Soybean), prepared by washing black beans clean, soaking in water during Dog Days overnight, steaming until cooked, spreading to dry, covering with mugwort for three days until yellow, sun-drying, packing tightly into an urn, covering thickly with mulberry leaves, sealing with mud for seven days, taking out, sun-drying again, mixing with wine, returning to the urn—repeating this seven times, then steaming again as before. It primarily treats Shanghan headache, alternating chills/fever with vexation, warm-toxin macules, and miasma/toxic pathogens. As an emetic, it induces sweating. It is also a miraculous drug for treating deficiency-labor wheezing, cold pain in feet/knees, and post-major illness chest vexation. Combined with Gardenia (Zhizi), it treats heart-region vexation (Aonao); combined with Scallion white (Congbai), it treats warm disease headache. Combined with Renzhonghuang, Gardenia, and Waxed Tea, it treats epidemic febrile diseases, deficiency-vexation, and rebellious Qi. Combined with Licorice (Gancao), Balloon Flower (Jiegeng), and Ophiopogon (Weirui), it treats wind-heat dry cough; in all these, Xiangchi (Fragrant Fermented Bean) is the supreme drug. Generally, Guiti vomits cold-excess from the chest, while Douchi vomits vexation caused by deficiency-heat. With Scallion, it induces sweating; with Salt, it induces vomiting; with Wine, it treats wind; with Allium macrostemon (Xie), it treats dysentery; with Garlic (Suan), it stops bleeding; raw usage disperses, roasted usage stops sweating. However, only those manufactured in Jiangxi are suitable for medicinal use. When included in dispersing formulas, aged ones are superior; when included in emetic formulas, fresh ones are better. Soaked in water and juiced, it treats poisoning from accidentally ingesting bird/beast livers; drinking several sheng leads to recovery. Cowpea (Jiangdou) tonifies the Kidney and strengthens the Stomach, resolving Marsdenia toxin (Mangcao du). Sword Bean (Dao Dou) gently tonifies Primordial Yang. Its seeds treat persistent hiccups after illness; charred to retain nature, taken with plain water (2 qian), it stops hiccups, leveraging its power to descend turbid Qi.